Conflict: | Siege of Bergen op Zoom (1814) |
Partof: | the War of the Sixth Coalition |
Date: | 8 March 1814 |
Place: | Bergen op Zoom, Netherlands |
Coordinates: | 51.496°N 4.2847°W |
Map Type: | Europe |
Map Relief: | 1 |
Map Size: | 300 |
Result: | French victory |
Combatant1: | France |
Combatant2: | United Kingdom |
Commander1: | Jean-Jacques Ambert Guilin Bizanet |
Commander2: | Thomas Graham |
Strength1: | 2,700 |
Strength2: | 4,000–9,000 |
Casualties1: | 500–600 killed, wounded, or captured |
Casualties2: | 920–1,900 killed and wounded 2,263 captured |
The siege of Bergen op Zoom (8 March 1814), took place during the War of the Sixth Coalition between a British force led by Thomas Graham, 1st Baron Lynedoch and a French garrison under Guilin Laurent Bizanet and Jean-Jacques Ambert. The initial British assault force seized part of the defences, but a well-managed French counterattack compelled much of the assault force to surrender. Bergen op Zoom is a port in the Netherlands about 70km (40miles) south of Rotterdam and 40km (30miles) north of Antwerp in Belgium.
French General Guilin Laurent Bizanet had 2,700 soldiers in the garrison when, under cover of night and using local intelligence, Graham attacked. The French, however, were positioned well, and the population allied with them as they fought in the streets. The attacking British troops took heavy casualties. General Bizanet remained in control of Bergen op Zoom until a peace accord was signed.
One source named Bizanet as the governor and Jean-Jacques Ambert as the French commander. The 2,700-man French garrison sustained 500 killed and wounded and 100 captured during the action. Depending on sources, the British assault force consisted of between 4,000 and 9,000 men. Of them, between 2,100 and 4,000 were killed, wounded or captured. In addition to the units listed below, the source counted the 2nd Battalion of the 35th Foot in the assault force. The Guards Brigade consisted of three companies of the 1st Foot Guards and four companies each of the 2nd Foot Guards and 3rd Foot Guards, all from the 2nd Battalions of the regiments.
Graham formed his troops into four columns as follows:
Commander | Unit | Number of Men | |
---|---|---|---|
1st Column | 1,000 | ||
2nd Column | Lieutenant-colonel Morrice, 69th Foot | 250 | |
69th Foot | 350 | ||
600 | |||
3rd Column | 21st Foot | 400 | |
100 | |||
150 | |||
4th Column | Brigadier-general Gore / Lieutenant-colonel Carleton | 300 | |
200 | |||
600 | |||
Total | 3,950 | ||
. 1998 . Digby Smith . The Greenhill Napoleonic Wars Data Book . London, UK ; Mechanicsburg, PA, USA . . 9781853672767 . 37616149.