Side Impact Protection System Explained

Side Impact Protection System (SIPS) is a passive safety system in an automobile to protect against injury in a side collision, developed by Volvo Cars.

History

SIPS was first introduced in 1991[1] for the Volvo 700, 900[2] and 850 series cars of model year 1992.[3] [4] [5] [6] It has been standard on every new Volvo since.

SIPS consists of a reinforced lower sill panel, "B pillar" and reinforcements with energy absorbing honeycomb materials[7] [8] inside the doors.[9] The idea is to more widely distribute the energy in a side collision across the whole side of the car rather than having the b-pillar absorb it all.[6] Driver and passenger seat are mounted on transverse steel rails,[10] not bolted to the floor as per the standard configuration.[11] In a side impact these transverse rails allow the seats to crush a reinforced center console designed to absorb additional energy.[12]

In 1994, for the 1995 model year,[13] the SIPS-Bag was introduced. Initially an option[14] on 850 models,[15] [16] it became standard equipment of all new Volvo automobiles beginning in 1995[17] for the 1996 model year.[18] The system consists of a mechanically[19] activated[20] side airbag that protects the front seat occupants torsos from hitting the cars interior.[21]

In 1998, for the 1999 model year, the system was extensively redesigned. With the launch of the Volvo S80 the IC airbag,[22] a curtain style airbag[23] deploying from the headlining to protect the head, was added. It has since been standard equipment on all newly released Volvos.
Because of technical reasons the existing Volvo S70, V70 and C70 models were instead equipped with the SIPS-BAG II.[24] [25]

In 2006,[26] for the 2007 model year, the fourth generation SIPS was introduced incorporating more high strength steel, structural changes, more bracing and dual chamber sips-bags.[27] [28]

Notably, under its 1999-2006 tenure with Ford's Premier Automotive Group, Ford adapted the SIPS system to numerous of its vehicles, including the Ford Five Hundred/Mercury Montego, Freestyle, Taurus X, Flex and fifth generation Explorer as well as the Lincoln MKS, MKT. Ford marketed its system as SPACE (Side Protection and Cabin Enhancement) Architecture,incorporating at floor level a bolt-in hydroformed cross-car steel beam between the B-pillars directly below an identical reinforced cross-roof beam above the B-pillars to channel impact forces around rather than through the passenger cabin.[29]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: en . R&D milestones of the Volvo Group . Volvo Group . www.volvogroup.com . 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110616180833/http://www.volvogroup.com/group/global/en-gb/researchandtechnology/milestones/Pages/milestones.aspx . 2011-06-16 . 2017-07-07 . dead.
  2. en . Volvo '92: New model, new engine and a unique safety innovation . Rockleigh, New Jersey . Volvo Cars of North America . new.volvocars.com . 1992 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170206184758/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1992/1992_releases/1992_release_1.html . 2017-02-06 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  3. Web site: sv . Produktinformation - tidigare Volvomodeller . www.volvocars.com . https://web.archive.org/web/20150302163614/http://www.volvocars.com/se/sales-services/services/PreviousVolvos/Pages/info.aspx . 2015-03-02 . 2017-07-07 . dead.
  4. Web site: en . Volvo 1992 Tech & Spec . Volvo Cars of North America . www.oocities.org . 1992 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150712024254/http://www.oocities.org/thevolvoaddict/article_6.htm . 2015-07-12 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  5. Web site: en . History of Volvo . www.swedecar.com . https://web.archive.org/web/20110829051346/http://www.swedecar.com/volvo_history.htm . 2011-08-29 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  6. Web site: en . SIPS: A unique safety solution from Volvo . Volvo Car Corporation . www.volvoclub.org.uk . October 1991 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170804215307/https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/pdf/SIPSPressReleaseOct1991.pdf . 2017-08-04 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  7. Web site: en-US . Status Report Vol.31 No.8 . IIHS . www.iihs.org . 6 . 28 September 1996 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180514125110/http://www.iihs.org/externaldata/srdata/docs/sr3108.pdf . 2018-05-14 . 2018-04-13 . live.
  8. en . The new 960 from Volvo - an unexpected experience . Rockleigh, New Jersey . Volvo Cars of North America . new.volvocars.com . 1995 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170206185001/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1995/1995_releases/1995_release_2.html . 2017-02-06 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  9. en . It is an agile, exciting sports sedan. And by the way, it's also a Volvo! . Rockleigh, New Jersey . Volvo Cars of North America . new.volvocars.com . 1993 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170206185504/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1993/1993_releases/1993_release_1.html . 2017-02-06 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  10. News: en . 1993 Volvo 850 . Los Angeles Times . Paul Dean . www.cars.com . 9 October 1992 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171009120810/https://www.cars.com/reviews/los-angeles-timess-view-1420689067449/ . 2017-10-09 . 2017-10-09 . limited . live.
  11. en . The 850 GLT: A new Volvo and more . Rockleigh, New Jersey . Volvo Cars of North America . new.volvocars.com . 1992 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170206185200/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1993/1993_releases/1993_release_6.html . 2017-02-06 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  12. en . Volvo's innovative 850 features- four new patents . Rockleigh, New Jersey . Volvo Cars of North America . new.volvocars.com . 1992 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170206185318/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1993/1993_releases/1993_release_3.html . 2017-02-06 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  13. Web site: en . Safety . Volvo Cars of North America . www.volvocars.com . 1997 . https://web.archive.org/web/19980202013602/http://www.volvocars.com/safety/ . 1998-02-02 . 2017-07-07 . dead.
  14. Web site: en . The First Side-Impact Air Bags: How Volvo's System Works . Peter C. T. Elsworth . . 2 October 1994 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170224215420/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/02/automobiles/driving-smart-the-first-side-impact-air-bags-how-volvo-s-system-works.html . 2017-02-24 . 2017-07-07 . limited . live.
  15. en . Volvo announces side-impact airbags - a world safety first . Rockleigh, New Jersey . Volvo Cars of North America . new.volvocars.com . 1993 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170206185227/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1995/1995_releases/1995_release_3.html . 2017-02-06 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  16. Web site: de-ch . Eine Beilage der Berner Zeitung BZ (Nr. 106) . A supplement of the Berner Newspaper BZ (Nr. 106) . BZ . www.gpbern.ch . 13 . 8 May 1995 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160826053549/http://www.gpbern.ch/cgi-bin/xcms/customers/28/files/Ranglisten/1995%20Ausgabe%20106_GP_web.pdf . 2016-08-26 . 2017-10-09 . live.
  17. en . Volvo lights the way to safety - 100% of Volvos have DRL's . Rockleigh, New Jersey . Volvo Cars of North America . new.volvocars.com . 1994 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170206185442/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1995/1995_releases/1995_release_4.html . 2017-02-06 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  18. Web site: en . PE99-040 . NHTSA . USDOT . static.nhtsa.gov . ODI investigation . 2, 24 . 7 June 1999 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180129201759/https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/inv/1999/IN-PE99040-NN.PDF . 2018-01-29 . 2018-01-29 . limited . live.
  19. News: en . And Now, From Volvo, The Side-impact Air Bag . Chicago Tribune . Jim Mateja . articles.chicagotribune.com . 22 August 1994 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171009121137/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1994-08-22/business/9408220011_1_side-impact-air-bag-volvo-spokesman-bob-austin-side-impact . 2017-10-09 . 2017-10-09 . live.
  20. Web site: de . Gefährdungspotential durch mechanischen SIPS-Seiten-Airbag . Dangers of mechanical SIPS side airbag . www.technische-hilfeleistung.info . 20 May 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140620205624/http://www.technische-hilfeleistung.info/2014/05/20/gefaehrdungspotential-durch-mechanischen-sips-seiten-airbag-video/ . 2014-06-20 . 2017-08-04 . live.
  21. Web site: en-US . Status Report Vol.31 No.4 . IIHS . www.iihs.org . 2–3 . 4 May 1996 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180413043800/http://www.iihs.org/externaldata/srdata/docs/sr3104.pdf . 2018-04-13 . 2018-04-12 . live.
  22. en . Engineering and technological innovation are hallmarks of the 1999 Volvo line-up . Rockleigh, New Jersey . Volvo Cars of North America . new.volvocars.com . October 1998 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071102070956/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/1999/1999_releases/1999_release_3.html . 2007-11-02 . 2017-07-07 . live.
  23. Web site: en . Airbags . Volvo Car Corporation . new.volvocars.com . Owner's manual . 12–14 . 2005 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110629095845/http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2006/2006_S80/06s80_01b.htm . 2011-06-29 . 2017-08-04 . live.
  24. Web site: en . Second-Generation Sips-Bag protects both chest and head . Volvo Group . www.volvogroup.com . 17 July 1998 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150221210232/http://www.volvogroup.com/group/global/en-gb/newsmedia/pressreleases/previous/1998/_layouts/CWP.Internet.VolvoCom/NewsItem.aspx?News.ItemId=22963&News.Language=en-gb . 2015-02-21 . 2017-07-07 . dead.
  25. Web site: en-US . Status Report Vol.32 No.10 . IIHS . www.iihs.org . 1–3 . 27 December 1997 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170922094156/http://www.iihs.org/externaldata/srdata/docs/sr3210.pdf . 2017-09-22 . 2018-04-12 . live.
  26. Web site: en . All New Volvo S80: Style, Sophistication, Safety and Scandinavian . Volvo Car Corporation . www.media.volvocars.com . 28 February 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170302111856/https://www.media.volvocars.com/us/en-us/media/pressreleases/3549 . 2017-03-02 . 2018-01-30 . live.
  27. Jakobsson . Lotta . Lindman . Magdalena . Svanberg . Bo . Carlsson . Henrik . Real World Data Driven Evolution of Volvo Cars’ Side Impact Protection Systems and their Effectiveness . Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine / Annual Scientific Conference . 54 . 2010 . 1943-2461 . 21050597 . 3242537 . 127–136.
  28. Web site: en . ALL-NEW VOLVO V70: Takes Safety to New Heights . Volvo Car Corporation . www.media.volvocars.com . 1 February 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180730234421/https://www.media.volvocars.com/us/en-us/media/pressreleases/4828 . 2018-07-30 . 2018-05-24 . live.
  29. Web site: 2004 Detroit: Three new Fords have touches of Volvo: Influence shows in platform, safety . Autoweek . Richard Truett . January 4, 2004 .

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