Siberian Turkic languages explained

Siberian Turkic
Also Known As:	Northeastern Turkic
Region:	Siberia
Familycolor:	Altaic
Fam1:	Turkic
Fam2:	Common Turkic
Ancestor:	Old Turkic
Child1:	North
Child2:	South
Glotto:	nort2688
Glottoname:	North
Glottorefname:	Sakha-Dolgan
Glotto2:	sout2693
Glottoname2:	South
Glottorefname2:	South Siberian Turkic
Glotto3:	west2402
Glottoname3:	West Yugur
Glottorefname3:	West Yugur
Map:	Siberian Turkic Language Distribution.png

The Siberian Turkic or Northeastern Common Turkic languages, are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family. The following table is based upon the classification scheme presented by Lars Johanson (1998).^[1] All languages of the branch combined have approximately 670,000 native and second language speakers, with most widely spoken members being Yakut (450,000 speakers), Tuvan (130,000 speakers), Northern Altai (57,000 speakers) and Khakas (29,000 speakers). Despite their usual English name, two major Turkic languages spoken in Siberia, Siberian Tatar and Southern Altai, are not classified as Siberian Turkic, but are rather part of the Kipchak subgroup. Many of these languages have a Yeniseian substratum.^[2]

Classification

Proto-Turkic	Common Turkic	Northeastern Common Turkic (Siberian)	North Siberian		Sakha (Yakut) Dolgan
			South Siberian	Sayan Turkic	Tuvan Tofa Soyot-Tsaatan^[3] Dukhan Tuha
				Yenisei Turkic	Khakas Kumandin^[4] ^[5] Northern Altai and dialects such as Chelkan and Tuba^[6] Shor (Saghay Qaca, Qizil) Western Yugur (Western Uyghur, Yellow Uyghur)^[7] ^[8] ^[9] ^[10] ^[11]
				Chulym Turkic	Chulym (Küerik)
				Old Turkic	Orkhon Turkic Old Uyghur

Alexander Vovin (2017) notes that Tofa and other Siberian Turkic languages, especially Sayan Turkic, have Yeniseian loanwords.^[12]

Notes and References

1. Lars Johanson (1998) "The History of Turkic". In Lars Johanson & Éva Ágnes Csató (eds) The Turkic Languages. London, New York: Routledge, 81–125. Classification of Turkic languages at Turkiclanguages.com
2. Book: Vajda, Edward J. . Yeniseian peoples and languages: a history of Yeniseian studies with an annotated bibliography and a source guide . 2001 . Curzon . 978-0-7007-1290-8 . Richmond.
3. Web site: The Soyot Language . Rassadin, V.I. . Endangered Languages of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia . . 2021-07-18.
4. Web site: Kumandin . . 2021-07-15.
5. Web site: The Kumandin Language . Bitkeeva, A.N. . Endangered Languages of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia . . 2021-07-16.
6. Web site: Northern Altai . . 2021-07-16.
7. http://www.turkiclanguages.com/www/classification.html Deviating. Probably of South Siberian origin (Johanson 1998)
8. https://books.google.com/books?id=7XuMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 Coene 2009
9. https://books.google.com/books?id=FqFMmVbfRfEC&pg=PA75 Coene 2009
10. Book: Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World. Contributors: Keith Brown, Sarah Ogilvie. revised. 2010. Elsevier. 1109. 978-0080877754. 24 April 2014.
11. Book: The Mainz Meeting: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Turkish Linguistics, August 3-6, 1994. Turcologica Series. Lars. Johanson. Contributor: Éva Ágnes Csató. 1998. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. 28. 3447038640. 24 April 2014.
12. Vovin, Alexander. 2017. "Some Tofalar Etymologies." In Essays in the history of languages and linguistics: dedicated to Marek Stachowski on the occasion of his 60th birthday. Krakow: Księgarnia Akademicka.