Shvaikivtsi Explained

Official Name:Shvaikivtsi
Native Name:Швайківці
Pushpin Map:Ukraine Ternopil Oblast
Pushpin Map Caption:Location in Ternopil Oblast
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:Oblast
Subdivision Type2:Raion
Subdivision Name2:Chortkiv Raion
Subdivision Type3:Hromada
Subdivision Name3:Zavodske Hromada
Population As Of:2021
Population Total:135
Timezone:EET
Utc Offset:+2
Timezone Dst:EEST
Utc Offset Dst:+3
Coordinates:49.0208°N 25.9342°W
Postal Code Type:Postal code
Postal Code:48516

Shvaikivtsi is a village in Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast of Ukraine. It belongs to Zavodske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[1] It is the administrative center of the former Shmankivchyky village council.

Geography

Located on the right bank of the river Nichlavka (right tributary of the Nichlava, Dniester basin), 12km (07miles) from the district center and 5km (03miles) from the nearest railway station Gadynkivtsi.

Toponymy

Mykola Krykun gives[2] the following variants of the names of the village. Schweik, recorded in chronological order in the relevant sources:

History

Ancient times

A mound and a settlement of Kievan Rus' were found near the village.

Middle Ages, modern era

The first written mention of the settlement was in 1485 as the property of the Buczacki brothers with the Abdank coat of arms.

In 1485, the sons of David Buczacki, Michal, Stanislav and Jan, acquired the villages of Shvaikivtsi and Sekmanivtsi in Podilia from the Fredro family.[3]

According to the Podolsk Voivodeship tax register, compiled by the royal captain and customs officer of Podolsk Stanisław Jacimirski in 1569, the village belonged to the heir Golinski and had three plowmen, each of whom had to pay 10 groschen from the plow.[4] [5]

The tax register of the Kamianets eyalet for 1681 describes the state of the village: "The village of Shvaikivtsi is abandoned, not far from Chortkiv. One watermill was destroyed, one was destroyed. By estimating the cost of 5000".[6]

In 1785 the village had 306 inhabitants. During the Austro-Hungarian Empire, there were two inns (owned by Jews) and two shops in Shvaikivtsi. In 1880 there were 96 houses and 633 people in the village. Several locals emigrated to Canada. In the village there was a folwark (owned by the deceased German Rudorf), and a mill.

20th century

For some time Shvaikivtsi was the center of the commune of the same name. From August 1, 1934,[7] to 1939, the village belonged to the Kolindiana commune.

On July 20–21, 1941, the NKVD shot the villagers Dmytro Ivantsiv and Anton Yavorskyi in the town of Uman in the Cherkasy Oblast.

From June 1941 to March 1944 the village was under Nazi occupation.[8]

Period of Independence

In March 2009, a cross appeared on a poplar tree between Shvaikivtsi and Hadynkivtsi.[9]

Since November 27, 2020, Shvaikivtsi has belonged to the Zavodske settlement hromada.[10]

Education

For some time there was an unorganized school in the village (in particular, in 1880), where Edward Paklerski worked as a teacher.[11]

In Austria-Hungary, there was a one-grade school with Ukrainian as the language of instruction; during the Polish Empire, there was a two-grade utraquist (bilingual) school.

The school building is well-preserved and children studied there until 2004.[12]

Religion

In the village there is a chapel of All Saints of the Ukrainian people in honor of the arrival in Ukraine of Pope John Paul II (built in 2004).

Sights

Social sphere, economy

The village had a chapter of the Prosvita society since 1906, as well as a Sich, agricultural association, library, choir and theater groups, and cooperatives.

Until 2021, there was a club and a library, which were reorganized into a studio with Shmankivtsi Center for Cultural Services of the Zavodske settlement hromada.[15]

There is a first-aid post, Zlagoda PAP, and Andriy, Sokil-2, and Kurgan-2 farms.

Famous people

In literature

In 2022, Liudmyla Humeniuk published the book Shvaikivtsi in the course of centuries.[16]

See also

Sources

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Заводская громада . Портал об'єднаних громад України . Russian.
  2. Швайківці (Szwajkowce) // Подільське воєводство у XV—XVIII століттях: : статті і матеріали / М. Крикун. — Львів, 2011. — С. 198. — ISBN 978-617-607-064-1.
  3. Boniecki A. Herbarz polski: wiadomości historyczno-genealogiczne o rodach szlacheckich. — Warszawa : Warszawskie Towarzystwo Akcyjne Artystyczno-Wydawnicze, 1899. — Cz. 1. — T. 1. — S. 221.
  4. Źródła dziejowe. T. XVIII, cz. I. Polska w XVI w. Ruś Czerwona. — Warszawa, 1902. — S. 99.
  5. Слободян, В. До історії сіл Гадинківці та Швайківці і їх церков // Християнська сакральна традиція: Віра, духовність, мистецтво. Матеріали ІI Міжнародної наукової конференції, м. Львів, 24-25 листопада 2010 р. (Апологет). — Львів, 2010. — С. 245.
  6. Kołodiejczyk D. The Ottoman Survey Register of Podolia (ca.1681). Defter-I Mufasal-I Eyalet-I Kamanice. Part One. — Cambridge-Kyiv, 2004. — P. 452—453.
  7. http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet?id=WDU19340680632 Rozporządzenie Ministra Spraw Wewnętrznych z dnia 21 lipca 1934 r. o podziale powiatu czortkowskiego w województwie tarnopolskiem na gminy wiejskie
  8. https://dostup.pravda.com.ua/request/inshie#outgoing-58890 Лист Архівного відділу Чортківської РДА від 18 липня 2019 року № 417
  9. https://chortkiv.city/read/rayon/87829/yak-znak-zgori-mizh-shvajkivcyami-i-gadinkivcyami-peredrik-podalshu-dolyu-ukraini Як «знак згори» між Швайківцями і Гадинківцями передрік подальшу долю України
  10. Рішення Заводської селищної ради від 27 листопада 2020 року № 9 «Про реорганізацію Залісянської сільської ради, Шманьківської сільської ради, Шманьківчицької сільської ради та Швайківської сільської ради шляхом приєднання до Заводської селищної ради »
  11. http://mtg-malopolska.org.pl/images/skany/schematyzmy/szematyzm_1880.pdf Szematyzm Królestwa Galicyi i Lodomeryi z Wielkiem Księstwem Krakowskiem na rok 1880
  12. Web site: Історична довідка. Швайківці . https://web.archive.org/web/20161023210750/http://chortkivrr.gov.ua/178 . 23 October 2016 . 23 October 2016.
  13. Web site: Відповідь Тернопільської ОДА на інформаційний запит 07-5714/42-29 від 19 вересня 2018 р. . 25 September 2018 . 25 September 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180925104402/https://dostup.pravda.com.ua/request/39124/response/86134/attach/3/..335.pdf .
  14. Карпович, В. Пожежі на Тернопільщині // Свобода. — 2017. — 16 листопада.
  15. .
  16. Білик, А. «Швайківці у плині століть» // Вільне життя плюс. — 2022. — № 11 (11 лютого). — С. 5. — (Прочитане).