Atherigona Explained

Atherigona is a genus of flies in the family Muscidae.^{[1] [2]}

Pests

Larvae of some Atherigona species are important pests in cultivation of cereals, like rice and maize. Many are known as shoot flies. Some important species include:^{[3] [4] [5] [6]}

• Atherigona approximata (pearl millet shoot fly): affects Pennisetum typhoides, Sorghum bicolor
• Atherigona atripalpis (foxtail millet shoot fly): affects Setaria italica
• Atherigona biseta

affects Setaria italica, Setaria viridis

• Atherigona falcata (barnyard millet shoot fly): affects Echinochloa colona, Echinochloa frumentacea, Echinochloa stagnina, Panicum sumatrense
• Atherigona hyalinipennis (teff shoot fly)
• Atherigona miliaceae (finger millet shoot fly or little millet shoot fly): affects Panicum miliaceum, Panicum sumatrense
• Atherigona naqvii (wheat stem fly): affects Triticum aestivum, Zea mays
• Atherigona orientalis (tomato fly or pepper fruit fly)
• Atherigona oryzae (rice shoot fly): affects Oryza sativa, Paspalum scrobiculatum, Triticum aestivum, Zea mays
• Atherigona pulla (proso millet shoot fly): affects Panicum miliaceum, Panicum sumatrense, Paspalum scrobiculatum, Setaria italica
• Atherigona punctata (Coimbatore wheat stem fly): affects Triticum aestivum
• Atherigona reversura (bermudagrass stem maggot): affects Cynodon dactylon (turf grasses)
• Atherigona simplex (kodo millet shoot fly): affects Paspalum scrobiculatum
• Atherigona soccata (sorghum shoot fly): affects Sorghum bicolor, Zea mays, Eleusine coracana

See also

• List of dipterans of Sri Lanka

Notes and References

1. Couri . Márcia S. . 2007 . A key to the Afrotropical genera of Muscidae (Diptera) . Revista Brasileira de Zoologia . 24 . 1 . 175–184 . Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia . Curitiba, Brasil . 0085-5626 . PDF Adobe Acrobat . 2009-10-19 . 10.1590/s0101-81752007000100022. free .
2. Web site: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.. 24 September 2012 . Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.). 2011. Species 2000: Reading, UK..
3. Book: Insect Pests of Millets: Systematics, Bionomics, and Management. 2017. A.. Kalaisekar. P.G.. Padmaja. V.R.. Bhagwat. J.V.. Patil. Academic Press. 978-0-12-804243-4.
4. Gahukar. Ruparao T. Reddy. Gadi V P. Royer. Tom. Management of Economically Important Insect Pests of Millet. Journal of Integrated Pest Management. 10. 1. 2019. 2155-7470. 10.1093/jipm/pmz026. free.
5. Book: Prasad. G.S.. Babu. K.S.. Biotic Stress Resistance in Millets . Insect Pest Resistance in Pearl Millet and Small Millets. 2016. 147–169. 10.1016/B978-0-12-804549-7.00005-6. 9780128045497 .
6. Book: Kalaisekar, A. Insect pests of millets: systematics, bionomics, and management. Elsevier. London. 2017. 978-0-12-804243-4. 967265246.