| Honorific-Prefix: | Rabbi |
| Shmuel Auerbach | |
| Native-Name: | Hebrew: שמואל אוירבך |
| Native-Name-Lang: | he |
| Yeshiva: | Yeshivas Ma'alos HaTorah |
| Yeshivaposition: | Rosh yeshiva |
| Birth Date: | September 21, 1931 |
| Birth Place: | Jerusalem, Mandate Palestine |
| Death Place: | Jerusalem |
| Nationality: | Israeli |
| Residence: | Sha'arei Hesed, Jerusalem |
| Parents: | Shlomo Zalman Auerbach and Chaya Rivka Ruchamkin |
| Spouse: | Rachel (deceased) |
| Denomination: | Haredi |
Shmuel Auerbach (he|שמואל אוירבך; September 21, 1931 – February 24, 2018)[1] was a Haredi rabbi in Jerusalem.[2] He was considered a leader in the non-Hasidic Haredi community in Israel. His followers formed a political organisation known as the Jerusalem Faction.[3] In 2013, as the Israeli government launched a campaign to draft Ultra Orthodox men into the IDF, the organisation adopted a controversial policy of demonstrations and incitement against the draft.[4] [5]
Auerbach was the eldest son of Shlomo Zalman Auerbach and his wife, Chaya Rivka Ruchamkin. He was born in the Jerusalem neighborhood of Sha'arei Hesedas was his fatherand resided there all his life. He married Rachel Paksher[6] (d. 11 January 1990).[7] They had no children. He named his musar sefer Ohel Rachel in her memory.
Auerbach was the rosh yeshiva of Yeshivas Maalot HaTorah[8] and the Nasi (president) of Yeshivas Midrash Shmuel[9] and Yeshivas Toras Simcha,[10] both in Jerusalem. For a short time, he also served as one of the roshei yeshiva of Yeshivas Itri in Jerusalem.[11] He was the head of the party (colloquially referred to as "Etz"), which he founded.