Shipping (fandom) explained

Shipping (derived from the word relationship) is the desire by followers of a fandom for two or more people, either real-life people or fictional characters (in film, literature, television series, etc.), to be in a romantic relationship. Shipping often takes the form of unofficial creative works, including fanfiction and fan art.

Shipping may take the form of same-sex, polyamorous, or love-hate relationships. Interspecies pairings and pairings with large age differences between characters can give rise to shipping discourse related to the ethics of such ships. Shipping can also create conflict within fandoms and between a work's creator(s) and its fans. Notable cases of shipping include the fandoms of Daria, Harry Potter, , , and The Legend of Korra.

Etymology

The usage of the term "ship" in its relationship sense appears to have been originated around 1995 by Internet fans of the TV show The X-Files, who believed that the two main characters, Fox Mulder and Dana Scully, should be engaged in a romantic relationship.[1] [2] They called themselves "relationshippers" at first;[3] then "R'shipper", and finally just "shipper".[4] [5]

The oldest recorded uses of the noun ship and the noun shipper, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, date back to 1996 postings on the Usenet group alt.tv.x-files;[6] shipping is first attested slightly later, in 1997 and the verb to ship in 1998.[7]

Notation and terminology

"Ship" and its derivatives in this context have since come to be in widespread usage. "Shipping" refers to the phenomenon; a "ship" is the concept of a fictional couple; to "ship" a couple means to have an affinity for it in one way or another; a "shipper" or a "fangirl/boy" is somebody significantly involved with such an affinity; and a "shipping war" is when two ships contradict each other, causing fans of each ship to argue.[8] [9] A ship that a particular fan prefers over all others is called an OTP, which stands for one true pairing.[10] When discussing shipping, a ship that has been confirmed by its series is called a canon ship or sailed ship, whereas a sunk ship is a ship that has been proven unable to exist in canon, or in other words, will never be real nor confirmed.[11] [12] [13]

Naming conventions

Various naming conventions have developed in different online communities to refer to shipped couples, likely due to the ambiguity and cumbersomeness of the "Character 1 and Character 2" format.

The first method was using a slash, first used for Kirk/Spock. This is today mainly used for same-sex ships; fanfiction with these pairings is known as slash fiction.[14] [15]

Name blending is often used to refer to a couple, like 'Reylo' for Kylo Ren and Rey in Star Wars franchise, 'Destiel' for Dean Winchester and Castiel in the Supernatural TV series, Sonamy for Sonic The Hedgehog (character) and Amy Rose in the Sonic The Hedgehog series and 'Bubbline' referring to Princess Bubblegum and Marceline the Vampire Queen in Adventure Time.[16] [17] [18] Portmanteaus and clipped compounds are used not only to abbreviate character pairings but also to create a name for the ship itself. For example, 'Klance' forms a clipped compound, and an abbreviated form of the complete names Keith and Lance in .[19] 'Sculder' in this case Dana Scully and Fox Mulder in The X-Files, is an example of surnames being blended, although most X-Files fans use the term "MSR" (Mulder-Scully Relationship), as is "MoonBoon" to stand for Zarya Moonwolf and Kitty Boon in Mysticons.[20] [21] In other cases, first names of characters are merged, like the ships for Marcy Wu and Anne Boonchuy (Marcanne), Sasha Waybright and Marcy Wu (Sasharcy), and Sasha Waybright and Anne Boonchuy (Sashanne) in Amphibia[22] or between Violet "Vi" and Caitlyn "Cait" Kiramman (Caitvi or CaitVi) in Arcane.[23] [24] [25]

These combinations of names often follow systematic phonological principles, in which the first character in the ship's name is seen as the 'dominant' partner.[26] Japanese ship naming conventions often attach names together without slashing or blending by using an XY name-name format. This format is ruled by boy-girl ordering, or seme-uke (top-bottom) in Yaoi. In many East Asian countries there is a distinct difference between the pairing of XY and YX. Such as the pairing names of 'MomoYuki' (where Momo is dominant) vs. 'YukiMomo' (where Yuki is dominant) from the series Idolish7.[27] [28] [29]

Many fandom-specific variants exist and often use fandom-specific terminology.[30] [31] These often employ words that describe the relationship between characters in the context of the fictional universe and simply add the word "Shipping" to the end (For example, AmourShipping, NegaiShipping, PokeShipping, RocketShipping, and CookieShipping in Pokemon).[32] [33] Other terminology include using a combination of the characters' names and codes as a ship name. For instance, ship names for characters in RWBY include "Bumbleby" (Blake Belladonna and Yang Xiao Long) and "White Rose" (Weiss Schnee and Ruby Rose).[34] [35] [36]

Types of ships

Same-sex

See main article: article.

Within shipping, same-sex pairings are popular; they are sometimes known as "slash and femslash".[37] [38] Within the anime/manga fandom, borrowed Japanese terms such as yaoi and yuri may be used.[39] [40] In the context of Chinese TV series, related same-sex pairings are also referred to as "Tanbi CP".[41] A person who supports same-sex pairings and reads or writes slash fiction may be referred to as a "slasher",[42] although the Japanese term "fujoshi" for women who like same-sex stories,[43] and "fudanshi" as the male equivalent of that,[44] [45] are also commonly used within the community, especially by fans of yaoi (boy on boy) and fans of yuri (girl on girl).

The term "slash" predates the use of "shipping" by at least some 20 years. It was originally coined as a term to describe a pairing of Kirk and Spock of Star Trek, Kirk/Spock (or "K/S"; sometimes spoken "Kirk-slash-Spock", whence "slash") homosexual fan fiction.[46] [47] Other early slash pairings came from characters in Starsky & Hutch and Dirty Harry."[48] For a time in the late 1970s and early 1980s, "K/S" was used to describe such fan fiction,[49] regardless of whether or not they were related to Star Trek, and eventually "slash" became a universal term to describe all homosexual-themed fan works.[50] [51] It now refers to a genre of fan fiction that focuses on romantic or sexual relationships between fictional characters of the same sex,[52] [53] [54] Even so, the slash mark itself is a shorthand label for a romantic relationship, regardless of whether the pairing is heterosexual or homosexual, romantic, or erotic.

The first K/S stories were not immediately accepted by all Star Trek fans.[55] Early slash fans in England feared that they would be arrested, because slash violated the obscenity laws there at the time.[56] Many early slash stories were based on a pairing of two close friends, a "hero dyad", or "One True Pairing", such as Kirk/Spock or Starsky/Hutch; conversely, a classic pairing between foils was that of Blake/Avon from Blake's 7.[57] With the advent of the Internet, slash fiction writers created mailing lists (which gradually took the place of amateur press associations), and websites such as FanFiction.Net[58] (which gradually started taking the place of zines). With the Internet, the number of fandoms represented increased dramatically, especially those devoted to science fiction, fantasy, and police dramas.[59] The Internet also increased the level of reader interaction, making it easier for fans to comment on stories, give episode reviews, and discuss comment on trends in slash fandom itself. Websites and fanzines dedicated to fans of The X-Files, Stargate, Harry Potter, and Buffy the Vampire Slayer became common, with tens of thousands of slash stories available.[58]

Due to the lack of canonical homosexual relationships in source media at the time that slash fiction began to emerge, some came to see slash fiction stories as being exclusively outside their respective canons and held that the term "slash fiction" applies only when the characters' same-sex romantic or erotic relationship about which an author writes is not part of the source's canon and that fan fiction about canonical same-sex relationships is therefore not slash.[57] Femslash, a subgenre of slash fiction which focuses on romantic and/or sexual relationships between female fictional characters,[60] on the other hand, are typically heterosexual in the canon universe, but when fictions focus on lesbian characters, the stories are often labeled as femslash for convenience.[61] Original slash stories are those that contain male/male content, based on perceived homoerotic subtext between fictitious characters.[62] This can be sourced from a variety of media content, such as manga, TV shows, movies and books amongst others. These works are now generally published online[63] and use the same forms of rating, warnings and terminology that is commonly used by slash writers.

In May 2020, She-Ra and the Princesses of Power showrunner ND Stevenson said that while shipping has been a great tool for fans, he does not want films or shows with just occasional glances, or for all same-sex relationships to be portrayed as shipping.[64]

Polyamory

Love triangles are commonly used as a plot device to cause conflict in the story. The easy way around this is to pair all three together, or one member with both potential romantic partners.[65] [66] [67] This is not to be confused with a harem, which is usually just a single character being sought out by many others. Situations such as that may be the one to cause a polyamorous relationship or characters may be in such a relationship.[68] [69] Polyamory is not always caused by love triangles,[70] [71] but those that don't tend to be less accepted by the fandom. In some fan fictions, characters are given a polyamorous identity, including warning "poly readers that the central characters are monogamous."[72]

Interspecies

Interspecies shipping is usually displayed in fandoms of media consisting of animals of various species or supernatural, mechanical, extraterrestrial and fantasy beings.[73] Shipping a human character with an animal or furry character can be controversial and has been accused of treading a contentious line with bestiality.[74] [75]

Age difference

Controversial age differences have a wide range. An elderly adult with a young adult, anyone with an immortal or slowly aging being, teenagers with young adults, or even ships involving fictional children are all part of this category.[76] [77] [78] Connected to this are continued arguments about which ships are "best" and "right," with inevitable shipping wars.[79] [80] [81]

Love–hate

Romances between two characters who canonically hate each other also occur.[82] [83] [84] It is often interpreted that the characters share sexual tension between each other, having a love–hate relationship. An example would be pairing Daniel LaRusso and his bully and rival Johnny from The Karate Kid and Cobra Kai.[85] This is one of the most popular types of shipping.[86] [87]

Notable fandoms

Daria fandom

Daria was marked throughout its run by shipper debate, primarily over whether the title character should have a relationship with Trent Lane.[88] A common argument was that it would signal a turning away from the more subversive aspects of Daria's character, such as bitter criticism of romantic relationships.

In a later episode, Tom Sloane, who became Jane's boyfriend, is introduced, drawing a wedge between Jane and Daria, for instance.[89] Daria and Tom warmed up to each other throughout the fourth season, leading up to its finale.[90] With Jane and Tom's relationship in crisis, a heated argument between Daria and Tom led up to a kiss in Tom's car. In the TV movie Is it Fall Yet?, Daria decided to begin a relationship with Tom, and Daria and Jane patched up their friendship. This caused an uproar, and conversation turned to whether Tom was more appropriate than Trent had been. The debate was satirized by the show's writers in a piece on MTV's website.[91]

In interviews done after the series' run, series co-creator Glenn Eichler revealed that "any viewer who really thought that Daria and Trent could [have] a relationship was just not watching the show we were making,"[92] Tom came about because "going into our fourth year... I thought it was really pushing credibility for Daria to have only had one or two dates during her whole high school career," and "teaser" episodes like "Pierce Me" were "intended to provide some fun for that portion of the audience that was so invested in the romance angle. The fact that those moments were few and far between should have given some indication that the series was not about Daria's love life."[93]

Harry Potter fandom

The Harry Potter series' most contentious ship debates came from supporters of various potential pairings:

Author J.K. Rowling appeared to refute the first possibility before the debates got started following the release of Goblet of Fire in July 2000, when she stated in October 1999 that Harry and Hermione "are very platonic friends" after the release of Prisoner of Azkaban in July 1999.[105] An interview with Rowling shortly after the release of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, in 2005 caused significant controversy within the fandom. An interviewer stated that Harry/Hermione fans were delusional, to which Rowling responded that they were "still valued members of her readership", but that there had been "anvil-sized hints" for future Ron/Hermione and Harry/Ginny relationships incorporated in the book itself,[106] and that Harry/Hermione shippers needed to re-read the books. This caused an uproar among Harry/Hermione shippers, some of whom claimed they would return their copies of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and boycott future Harry Potter books.[107] Clare McBride of SYFY described the shipping wars between those who liked Harmione and Romione, calling them the "Harmony Wars", saying they began in 1999 and 2000, and that "tension between these two factions ran hot", with specific communities and fansites for each ship. McBride noted that Harmione also came to be known as "HMS Harmony" by fans,[108] but that the 2005 interview in which MuggleNet’s Emerson Spartz stated that "Harry/Hermione shippers" were "delusional" led Harmione fans to "openly insult Rowling" and stated that this moment gave birth to shipping that "only values a ship for whether it not it wins, not whether or not it is enjoyable."[109]

Rowling's attitude towards the shipping phenomenon has varied between amused and bewildered to frustrated. In that same interview, she stated that she was a "relative newcomer to the world of shipping" and that it was "extraordinary" to meet the shippers, calling it a "huge underworld" seething beneath her.[110] Rowling stated in an interview conducted by Emma Watson in February 2014 for Wonderland Magazine, however, that she thought that realistically Hermione and Ron had "too much fundamental incompatibility," that they were written together "as a form of wish fulfillment" to reconcile a relationship she herself was once in.[111] She admitted to thinking she could have paired Hermione with Harry: "in some ways Hermione and Harry are a better fit", and that "Hermione's always there for Harry." However, in the same interview she later clarified. "Maybe she and Ron will be alright with a bit of counselling, you know. I wonder what happens at wizard marriage counselling? They'll probably be fine. He needs to work on his self-esteem issues and she needs to work on being a little less critical,"[112] Watson later clarified that Rowling's comments about pairing Hermione up with Harry were taken out of context and that she was actually joking.[113]

Xena: Warrior Princess fandom

The 1995–2001 action/fantasy TV series produced "shipping wars," with spillover from real-world debates about homosexuality and gay rights. The show spawned various websites, online discussion forums, works of Xena fan fiction and several unofficial fan-made productions, with members of the fandom writing numerous fanfiction stories of the series, numbering in the thousands, and popularized the term altfic to refer to fanfiction about loving relationships between women.[114] [115] [116]

Shortly after the series' debut, fans started discussing the possibility of a relationship between Xena and her sidekick and best friend Gabrielle.[117] According to journalist Cathy Young, the quarrel between fans about a relationship between Xena and Gabrielle had a sociopolitical angle, in which some on the anti-relationship side were "undoubtedly driven by bona fide bigotry", while some on the pro-relationship side were lesbians who "approached the argument as a real-life gay rights struggle" in which "denying a sexual relationship between Xena and Gabrielle was tantamount to denying the reality of their own lives".[118] She argued that the fact that staff paid attention to fan opinions may have led to problems, with an "incentive for the rival groups to out-shout one another to make themselves heard," leading to shipping wars.

In 2000, during the airing of the fifth season, the intensity of the "shipping wars" was chronicled (from a non-subtexter's point of view) in an article titled "The Discrimination in the Xenaverse" in the online Xena fan magazine Whoosh!,[119] and numerous letters in response.[120] The wars did not abate after the 2001 series finale. With no new material from the show itself, the debates were fueled by various statements from the cast and crew. In January 2003, Xena star Lucy Lawless told Lesbian News magazine that after watching the finale, she had come to believe that Xena and Gabrielle's relationship was "definitely gay".[121] In March 2005, one-time Xena screenwriter Katherine Fugate, an outspoken supporter of the Xena/Gabrielle pairing, posted a statement on her website appealing for tolerance in the fandom, telling people to "allow everyone the grace to take what they need from the show and make it theirs," whether they see Xena with Gabrielle, or Xena with Ares.[122]

Avatar: The Last Airbender fandom

When ran on Nickelodeon, from 2001-2005, fans supported various different ships, such as Tokka (Toph Beifong and Sokka), Ty Laang (Ty Lee and Aang), Jinko (Zuko and Jin), Tyzula (Azula and Ty Lee), Sukka (Sokka/Suki),[123] Maiko (Mai/Zuko), Rozin (Roku/Sozin), Zukka (Zuko/Sokka),[124] Yukka (Sokka/Yue), Mai Lee (Mai/Ty Lee), Taang (Toph/Aang), Zukki (Zuko/Sokka/Suki), and Azutara (Azula/Katara),[125] [126] but the main contention was between fans of Kataang (Katara and Aang) and Zutara (Zuko and Katara).[127] [128]

Some reviewers said that Kataang fans are "blinded by their appreciation" for the ship, stated that both ships "have validity...and textual evidence", or described Kataang as "always meant to be."[129] [130] Rincke de Bont wrote that although Kataang became the canon ship, "heavily disappointing" Zutara fans, the latter made fanart and fanfiction for the ship, arguing why they preferred this ship, and noted that the series creators, Bryan Konietzko and Michael DiMartino even picked up on this phenomenon "within the fandom". de Bont added that on FanFiction.Net, Zutara stories became more popular because they "fulfill the wishes" not possible with the original series.[131] The Zutara ship has also been described as "one of the most popular" ships within the show's fandom, and having the potential to be the "perfect execution of the enemies-to-lovers trope" by fans.[132]

Teen Vogue noted the series had one of "the biggest" shipping wars between Zutara and Kataang, during the series original run, and stated that the shipping debate "continues to this day" among some online users.[133] TheGamer described the shipping wars between these fans as "crazy" and "quite a big deal," noting that writers toyed with making Zuko and Katara a couple originally, and added that shippers of the latter can take "some comfort that their ship almost happened."[134]

Later, Konietzko noted his awareness of the shipping discourse, saying he "remember[s] Kataang vs. Zutara" and noted that the show's crew was wavering on how direct they could be with Kataang.[135] Others criticized the show's creator for going "a little overboard" in their criticism of Zutara shippers, stating that it led to be more shipping discourse. Zach Tyler Eisen, who voiced Aang in the series, later stated that he favored the "Kataang" ship, and joked, after Dante Basco (who voiced Zuko), mentioned Zutara, "this is a Zutara-free zone. It’s all in your head, buddy."[136] Basco and Mae Whitman (voice of Katara) were also noted as creating content for a week celebrating the Zutara ship. Other reviews said that the live-action adaptation has the possibility of canonizing the Zutara ship and noted that the shipping debate between fans of both ships, including by social media users responding to a Netflix post saying Zuko and Katara make "a good couple."[137] [138] However, Albert Kim, showrunner of the live-action adaptation, said he was "smart enough" to not get involved in the shipping debate because he is aware "how passionate both sets of fans are."[139]

Legend of Korra fandom

Throughout the run of The Legend of Korra there were shipping debates between those who supported various pairings, within the show's "passionate fanbase", including between those who supported Makorra (Mako and Korra),[140] and Masami (Mako and Asami Sato) and later between fans of Makorra and Korrasami (Korra and Asami Sato) after the end of the first season.[141] Series creator Bryan Konietzko stated that there was a tumultuous "teenage love-hate relationship" between Mako and Korra which leads to an "ill-timed kiss", disappointing Bolin.[142] English studies scholars Rukmini Pande and Swati Moitra described Korrasami as one of the "only popular nonwhite couples occupying a primary position in an English-language fandom," which is primarily based on Tumblr, and pointed to issues such as fanart which lightened Korra's skin or whitewashed Asami's "cultural specificity."[143] Other popular ships among fans included Borra (Bolin and Korra), Wuko (Mako and Prince Wu), Kainora (Kai and Jinora), Kyalin (Kya and Lin), and Korpal (Korra and Opal).[144] The ship of Kai and Jinora was also described as "wholesome" along with nine other canon ships between characters in the series.[145] Konietzko later said that the show's crew was "not easily swayed" by posts on Tumblr or Twitter even though they "changed and tweaked stuff" as they show was being developed.[146]

Following the series finale, some accused the series creators Konietzko and DiMartino of "fan service" for making Korrasami canon,[147] [148] but others noted that the Korrasami ship was seeded throughout the series run, and said that it was greeted by queer fans enthusiastically, and argued that many of the show's fans were pushing for the pairing.[149] [150] IGN editors said that this conclusion felt "earned" and "stunningly rendered."[151] DiMartino would say that the final scene in the episode made it clear that "Korra and Asami have romantic feelings for each other".[152] Konietzko said he had "bragging rights as the first Korrasami shipper", note that Makorra was only the “endgame” when Book 1 closed, and added that once the series entered Book 2 they "knew we were going to have them [Korra and Mako] break up".[153] In an interview in April 2015, DiMartino and Konietzko refuted charges that Korrsami was not built up through the series run. Konietzko would later draw artwork of Korra and Asami embracing as an exclusive print for The Legend of Korra / Avatar: The Last Airbender Tribute Exhibition at Gallery Nucleus, in March 2015, with proceeds donated to an LGBTQ suicide prevention hotline,[154] [155] [156] and a rainbow version of the artwork posed in June 2015.[157]

The relationship between Korra and Asami would also be developed in the canonical graphic novel series, , with DiMartino telling Entertainment Weekly about the ship's impact and that he had heard personal stories about how the relationship between Korra and Asami "inspired young adults to come out" to their friends or family and Koh saying they wanted Korra and Asami to be resilient heroes in the series.[158] [159] The ship would later be compared to other ships between female characters in Arcane[160] and .[161]

See also

Notes and References

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  2. Web site: How The X-Files helped shape modern fandom — including shipping. March 20, 2018. SYFY. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20210306231135/https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/how-the-x-files-helped-shape-modern-fandom-including-shipping. March 6, 2021.
  3. Web site: Wax. Alyse. The potency of Fox Mulder's sportswear, from the red Speedo to Georgetown sweats. May 21, 2020. SYFYaccess-date=May 31, 2021. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20210223113007/https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/the-potency-of-fox-mulders-sportswear-from-the-red-speedo-to-georgetown-sweats. February 23, 2021.
  4. Web site: Etman. Colleen. Why We Need to End Toxic Shipping As A Fandom Community. ComicsVerse. June 28, 2018. May 31, 2021. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20210125132943/https://comicsverse.com/end-toxic-shipping/. January 25, 2021.
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  6. Morton. Ella. The X-Files "I Want to Believe" Poster's Origin Story. The New Republic. December 29, 2015. May 31, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210521112011/https://newrepublic.com/article/126715/x-files-i-want-believe-posters-origin-story. May 21, 2021. live.
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  117. News: Who Owns Xena . June 1, 2021 . Leonard . Andrew . July 3, 1997 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20080402054058/http://archive.salon.com/july97/21st/article970703.html . April 2, 2008 . dead .
  118. Web site: What we owe Xena . . Cathy . Young . September 1, 2005 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081206134719/http://dir.salon.com/story/ent/feature/2005/09/15/xena/index2.html . December 6, 2008 .
  119. Lorenz . Nancy . 2000 . The Discrimination in the XenaVerse: News and Views from the Great Divide . 43 . Whoosh! . Online . June 1, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210125145348/http://www.whoosh.org/issue43/lorenz1.html . January 25, 2021 .
  120. 2000 . Letters to the Editor . 44 . Whoosh! . Online . June 1, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210308013642/http://whoosh.org/issue44/letter44.html . March 8, 2021 .
  121. Lucy Lawless [Interview] ]. Lesbian News . lucylawless.info . January 2003 . 28 . 6 . https://web.archive.org/web/20040305010153/http://lucylawless.info/articles/lesnews03/index.html . March 5, 2004 . June 1, 2021.
  122. Web site: Katherine Fugate Responds . Katherine Fugate Online . March 6, 2009 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071230022649/http://www.katherinefugate.com/katresponds/katherineresponds30.htm . December 30, 2007 .
  123. Web site: Balino. Thomas. Avatar: The Last Airbender - 10 Suki Fan Art Pictures That Are Stunning. CBR. June 11, 2020. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20220514225903/https://www.cbr.com/avatar-last-airbender-stunning-suki-fan-art/. May 14, 2022. live. ...Suki and her husband [Sokka]...often called “Sukka” when together by the fandom.
  124. Web site: Stewart. Brandon. Avatar: Sokka Has Beaten Katara Where It Counts - Tumblr's Shipping Wars. CBR. December 10, 2020. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20201216213849/https://www.cbr.com/zukka-tumblr-favorite-avatar-ship-2020/. December 16, 2020. With Tumblr's 2020 Year in Review, however, it looks like increasingly Avatar fans are moving beyond the shipping wars of years past and taking a third option: Zuko and Sokka are the hot new ship setting sail..
  125. Web site: Radulovic. Petrana. Millman. Zosha. Diaz. Ana. Let's settle this: Who had the best relationship on Avatar: The Last Airbender?. Polygon. February 14, 2024. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240312105644/https://www.polygon.com/24068164/avatar-last-airbender-best-pairing-ship-relationship. March 12, 2024. The battle between shippers has calmed, somewhat, in the years since the show went off the air. But these are still deeply held beliefs about how AtLA should’ve paired people off.
  126. Web site: Kemner. Louis. The 10 Most Wholesome Avatar Ships, Ranked. CBR. June 23, 2022. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240617135232/https://www.cbr.com/avatar-most-wholesome-ships-ranked/. June 17, 2024. Some ships may be downright weird or unpopular, but plenty of other ships are wholesome, healthy, and even inspiring to think about, with plenty of Avatar's main ships being "relationship goals.".
  127. Web site: Bruce. Amanda. Roehler. Stephanie. Avatar: 30 Wild Revelations About Aang And Katara's Relationship. Screenrant. March 15, 2024. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240422123015/https://screenrant.com/avatar-last-airbender-aang-katara-relationship-hidden-trivia/. April 22, 2024. live. Fandoms can be contentious when it comes to relationships among the main characters, and that’s certainly the case when it comes to fans who might prefer Katara with Zuko, or fans who prefer Katara with Aang..
  128. Web site: Perez. Rosa. 10 Reasons Why Katara Should Have Ended Up With Zuko. CBR. August 25, 2024. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240826160856/https://www.cbr.com/atla-why-katara-should-have-ended-up-with-zuko/. August 26, 2024. live. The series ended with she and Aang kissing in front of a beautiful sunset, but in spite of the two having gone on to live a happy life together, fans—to this day—are still reeling over the fact that Katara should have ended up with Zuko..
  129. Web site: CBR Staff. Avatar: 20 Weird Things About Aang And Katara's Relationship (That Fans Ignore). CBR. January 26, 2019. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20220708031157/https://www.cbr.com/avatar-aang-katara-weird-relationship/. July 8, 2022. live.
  130. Web site: Steele. Amanda. Avatar: 8 Reasons Why Katara Should Be With Aang (& 7 Why She Should Be With Zuko). CBR. March 9, 2021. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20230406103915/https://www.cbr.com/avatar-katara-aang-zuko-ship-better/. April 6, 2023. live.
  131. de Bont . Rincke . September 2014 . The Appreciation of Storybending: An Exploration of Reviewing Practices in Online Avatar Fan Fiction . Master's . . November 27, 2024 . 29, 40, 45, 49, 51, 67, 72, 76-80, 88-92, 98-9, 101, 103-5, 116 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230427145349/http://arno.uvt.nl/show.cgi?fid=134944 . April 27, 2023 . live.
  132. Web site: Avatar: The Last Airbender: Reflecting on Zutara and What Could Have Been. Cross. Taylor. May 21, 2020. The Mary Sue. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240529025248/https://www.themarysue.com/avatar-the-last-airbender-reflecting-on-zutara-and-what-could-have-been/. May 29, 2024. live.
  133. Web site: Stitch. On Shipping, Ship Wars, and the Fight to Be Right. Teen Vogue. February 25, 2022. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240403030429/https://www.teenvogue.com/story/on-shipping-ship-wars-and-the-fight-to-be-right-stitch-fan-service. April 3, 2024. live. When Avatar the Last Airbender was on air, it was the source of one of the biggest ship wars between 2005 and 2008, so much so that it continues to this day on some parts of the internet..
  134. Web site: TG Staff. Avatar: The Last Airbender: 20 Surprising Facts About Katara. TheGamer. November 8, 2017. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240329063153/https://www.thegamer.com/avatar-the-last-airbender-20-surprising-facts-about-katara/. March 29, 2024. live.
  135. Pitre . Jake . 2017 . Rated Q for Queer: The Legend of Korra and the Evolution of Queer Reading . Red Feather Journal . 8 . 2 . 29–30 . November 27, 2024 . There were plenty of Makorra shippers out there, so if we had gone back on our decision and gotten those characters back together, would that have meant we caved in to those fans instead?….Trust me, I remember Kataang vs. Zutara. Originally printed here
  136. Web site: Stevenson. Rick. ATLA Star On Whether Katara Should've Ended Up With Aang or Zuko. Screenrant. September 15, 2021. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20220805093414/https://screenrant.com/avatar-last-airbender-aang-zuko-katara-relationship-actor-opinion/. August 5, 2022. live.
  137. Web site: Clute. Emily. Why Netflix's Avatar Cast Means A Katara/Zuko Romance Is Actually Possible. Screenrant. August 16, 2021. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20220616172906/https://screenrant.com/avatar-last-airbender-katara-zuko-romance-live-action/. June 16, 2022. live. ...with that adaptation comes the possibility of a romance between Katara and Zuko...The ship...has become one of the most popular in the Avatar fandom; thousands of fanfictions for the relationship can be found across multiple platforms, and fan art and cosplays can be found across the internet..
  138. Web site: Peters. Megan. Avatar Fans Are Going to War Over Katara Ships All Thanks to Netflix. ComicBook. July 28, 2020. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240723092938/https://comicbook.com/anime/news/avatar-the-last-airbender-netflix-katara-aang-zuko-ship/. July 23, 2024. live. This post immediately piqued interest as the shipping war between Katara x Zuko and Katara x Aang is still going on today. Despite the show’s age, the fandom is not over the heroine’s love life, and Netflix reopened the wound..
  139. Web site: Lacson. Therese. 'Avatar: The Last Airbender' Showrunner Teases Hints to Katara's Future Romance. Collider. February 26, 2024. November 27, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240618003019/https://collider.com/avatar-the-last-airbender-showrunner-albert-kim/. June 18, 2024. live.
  140. Ung . Lily . August 3, 2012 . Weekend of Awesomeness Weekend! . Sunburst . 52 . 1 . . November 26, 2024 . Joining together in the living room we all enjoyed our morning breakfast with a side of Legend of Korra (um, team Makorra) .
  141. Web site: Mak . Philip . Five family-friendly LGBTQ animated series for Pride Month . Toon Boom . March 29, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190713120757/https://blog.toonboom.com/lgbtq-family-friendly-animated-series-pride-month . July 13, 2019 . March 26, 2018 . live . mdy-all .
  142. Book: DiMartino . Michael . Konietzko . Bryan . Dos Santos . Joaquim . 2013 . The Spirit of Competition/And the Winner Is... . The Legend of Korra—The Art of the Animated Series, Book One: Air . Dark Horse Comics . 978-1-61655-168-1 . 88–89.
  143. Pande. Rukmini. Moitra. Swati. 2017. "Yes, the Evil Queen is Latina!": Racial dynamics of online femslash fandoms. Transformative Works and Cultures. 24. 10.3983/twc.2017.0908. free.
  144. Web site: Grimes. Rae. 9 Avatar: The Last Airbender & The Legend of Korra Relationships Fans Wish Were Canon. CBR. May 3, 2024. November 26, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240512191326/https://www.cbr.com/avatar-korra-non-canon-ships-fans-love/. May 12, 2024. live.
  145. Web site: Locke. Alexandra. The 10 Most Wholesome Legend Of Korra Ships, Ranked. CBR. June 18, 2022. November 26, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20220620173030/https://www.cbr.com/wholesome-legend-of-korra-ships/. June 20, 2022. live. Kai and Jinora began an adorable romance that reminded audiences of what it was like to fall in love for the first time. Even though they faced many challenges, they managed to stay together through it all — further emphasizing the power of young love..
  146. Konietzko . Bryan . DiMartino . Michael . Matthew Berg-Johnsen . The Legend of Korra: An Interview with Bryan Konietzko and Michael Dante DiMartino . Sequart Magazine . April 19, 2015 . November 27, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240422165751/http://sequart.org/magazine/56585/legend-of-korra-interview-bryan-konietzko-michael-dante-dimartino/ . April 22, 2024 . live.
  147. Web site: Chirdo . Maggie . Feeling Sapphic: How Velma Shaped Lesbian Culture . . September 28, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210914234648/https://www.bitchmedia.org/article/scooby-doo-velma-influenced-lesbian-culture . September 14, 2021 . July 21, 2020 . dead . mdy-all .
  148. Web site: Ehrhardt. Michelle. Understanding Korra's Queer Ending. Out. December 23, 2014. November 26, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20210810080437/https://www.out.com/popnography/2014/12/23/understanding-legend-korras-queer-ending. August 10, 2021. live. Dubbed "Korrasami" by fans,.
  149. News: Robinson. Joanna. How a Nickelodeon Cartoon Became One of the Most Powerful, Subversive Shows of 2014. November 26, 2024. Vanity Fair. December 19, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20150712194716/http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2014/12/korra-series-finale-recap-gay-asami. July 12, 2015.
  150. Web site: Asher-Perrin. Emmet. Legend of Korra's Finale and the Problem With "Fan Service". Reactor Magazine. December 22, 2014. November 26, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20241127032158/https://reactormag.com/legend-of-korras-finale-and-the-problem-with-qfan-serviceq/. November 27, 2024. live. But some people are calling it “fan service” because plenty of LoK fans were pushing for the Korrasami pairing, and the creators knew it.
  151. News: IGN Staff. The Legend of Korra: IGN Editors React to the Ending and Korrasami. November 26, 2024. IGN. December 24, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20190328132502/https://www.ign.com/articles/2014/12/24/the-legend-of-korra-ign-editors-react-to-the-ending-and-korrasami. March 28, 2019.
  152. Web site: DiMartino. Mike. Korrasami Confirmed. Tumblr. December 23, 2014. December 22, 2014. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141223022012/http://michaeldantedimartino.tumblr.com/post/105916326500/korrasami-confirmed-now-that-korra-and-asamis. December 23, 2014. mdy-all.
  153. Web site: Konietzko . Bryan . Korrasami is canon. . . April 11, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200208061839/https://bryankonietzko.tumblr.com/post/105916338157/korrasami-is-canon-you-can-celebrate-it-embrace . February 8, 2020 . December 22, 2014 . live . mdy-all .
  154. News: 'Legend of Korra' Creator Reveals Official Korrasami Art, You Gotta Deal With It . March 4, 2015 . Kevin . Fitzpatrick . screencrush.com . March 18, 2015 . March 16, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150316030610/http://screencrush.com/the-legend-of-korra-korrasami-art-bryan-konietzko-official/ . live .
  155. News: 'Legend Of Korra' Korrasami: Konietzko Reveals Official Korrasami Artwork, Gallery Exhibit Profits To Go Towards LBGTQ Suicide Prevention . Xavier . Harding . iDigitalTimes . March 18, 2015 . March 9, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150309153803/http://www.idigitaltimes.com/legend-korra-korrasami-konietzko-reveals-official-korrasami-artwork-gallery-exhibit-420611 . live .
  156. Book: DiMartino . Michael . Konietzko . Bryan . Dos Santos . Joaquim . 2022 . 2015 . Ancillary Art . The Legend of Korra—The Art of the Animated Series, Book Four: Balance . second . Dark Horse Comics . 978-1-50672-187-3 . 184–185.
  157. Web site: Onward and Upward . June 26, 2015 . Tumblr . Bryan . Konietzko . July 1, 2015 . July 2, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150702204407/http://bryankonietzko.tumblr.com/post/122533734322/onward-and-upward . live .
  158. Web site: Drawn to Comics: "Legend of Korra: Turf Wars" Answers Your Korrasami Prayers by Being Really Gay. Autostraddle. August 1, 2017. Mey. August 5, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180805141227/https://www.autostraddle.com/drawn-to-comics-legend-of-korra-turf-wars-answers-your-korrasami-prayers-by-being-really-gay-388940/. August 5, 2018. live.
  159. Legend of Korra comic team talks Korrasami, queer representation. Entertainment Weekly. August 8, 2017. Christian. Holub. August 3, 2018. March 30, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180330082539/http://ew.com/books/2017/08/08/legend-of-korra-comic-team-talks-korrasami-queer-representation/. live.
  160. Web site: Colbert. Isaiah. Arcane's Long-Awaited Hookup Was Originally Longer and Steamier. Gizmodo. November 25, 2024. November 26, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20241126012929/https://gizmodo.com/arcanes-long-awaited-hookup-was-originally-longer-and-steamier-2000529735. November 26, 2024. live. Their love scene is already being regarded among queer fans with the same enthusiasm as The Legend of Korra‘s Korrasami ship. Knowing that what fans saw was the watered-down version will only lead to them feeling as thirsty as they were before they received the big moment..
  161. Web site: Patches. Matt. Netflix's Tomb Raider takes Lara Croft out of Conrad Roth's shadow with a long-lost BFF. Polygon. October 10, 2024. October 20, 2024. https://archive.today/20241020152747/https://www.polygon.com/animation-cartoons/464452/tomb-raider-camilla-conrad-roth-lara-relationship. October 20, 2024. live. Between Camilla flustering Lara with “Are you dating anyone?” to the occasional caress that snaps into fist-pump, the repaired relationship has Korrasami vibes..

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