Siliguri Explained

Siliguri
Other Name:Shiliguri
Native Name:Silīguḍī
Native Name Lang:bn
Settlement Type:Metropolis
Pushpin Map:India West Bengal#India3
Pushpin Map Caption:Location in West Bengal##Location in India
Coordinates:26.71°N 88.43°W
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name:India
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Type2:District
Subdivision Type3:No. of Wards
Subdivision Name1:West Bengal
Subdivision Name2:
Subdivision Name3:47[1]
Established Date:1994
Nickname:Gateway to the Dooars, Gateway of Northeast India, City of Hospitality[2]
Government Type:Municipal corporation
Governing Body:Siliguri Municipal Corporation
Leader Title:Mayor
Leader Name:Goutam Deb
Leader Title1:Deputy mayor
Leader Name1:Ranjan Sarkar
Leader Title2:Police Commissioner
Leader Name2:Akhilesh Chaturvedi, IPS
Leader Title3:Sub Divisional officer
Leader Name3:Priyanka Singh, IAS
Unit Pref:Metric
Area Footnotes:[3] [4]
Area Urban Km2:157
Area Rank:3rd in West Bengal
Area Metro Footnotes:[5]
Area Metro Km2:2222
Elevation Min M:114
Population Total:513264[6]
Population As Of:2011
Population Footnotes:[7]
Population Urban:701,489
Population Urban Footnotes:[8]
Population Density Km2:auto
Population Rank:3rd in West Bengal
Population Blank1 Title:City rank
Population Blank1:90th in India
Timezone1:IST
Utc Offset1:+5:30
Postal Code Type:PIN
Postal Code:734 001-734 015 (city limits), 734 401-734 436(suburbs), 735 133-735 135
Area Code:0353, 0354
Area Code Type:Telephone code
Registration Plate:WB 73/74
Blank1 Name Sec1:Lok Sabha constituency
Blank1 Info Sec1:Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri
Website:,
Footnotes:1The coordinates given here are in metric system and based upon the Microsoft Encarta Reference Library Map Center 20052 The Vehicle Code given here is based upon the Siliguri Sub-Divisional Court, Darjeeling District Court and Jalpaiguri District Court documentations.
Elevation Max M:140
Demographics Type1:Languages
Demographics1 Title1:Official
Demographics1 Info1:Bengali[9] [10]
Demographics1 Title2:Additional official
Demographics1 Info2:English
Blank2 Name Sec1:Literacy
Blank2 Info Sec1:85.46%
Blank3 Name Sec1:Sex ratio
Blank3 Info Sec1:1000♂/951♀[11]
Blank4 Name Sec1:Vidhan Sabha constituency
Blank4 Info Sec1:Siliguri, Dabgram-Phulbari, Matigara-Naxalbari, Phansidewa
Blank1 Name Sec2:Police
Blank1 Info Sec2:Siliguri Police Commissionerate

Siliguri (pronounced as /bn/), also known as Shiliguri,[12] [13] is a major tier-II city in West Bengal. It forms "Twin Cities" with the neighbouring district capital of Jalpaiguri. The city spans areas of the Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri districts in the Indian state of West Bengal. Known as the "Gateway of Northeast India",[2] [14] Siliguri is popular for three Ts: tea, timber and tourism.[15] It is located on the banks of the Mahananda River and the Teesta River at the foothills of the Himalayas.[16] Siliguri is the third largest urban agglomeration in West Bengal, after Kolkata and Asansol.[17] [18]

Siliguri has great strategic importance in West Bengal, with convenient access to four international borders: China, Nepal, Bangladesh and Bhutan. It also connects the North-East with mainland India. Located at the foothills of Eastern Himalayas, Siliguri is a significant trading and transportation hub.[19]

History

Middle Ages history

According to Sailen Debnath, "Siliguri" means a stack of pebbles or stones. Until the 19th century this region was called as "Shilchaguri" when there was dense Dolka forest covering the region. Siliguri was a small agricultural village in the Kingdom of Sikkim. It was captured by the Kingdom of Nepal in 1788, after which Kirati and Nepali Lepchas came to settle in this region.[20]

At that time a river port on Mahananda, South of Siliguri in Phansidewa had an important role in having trade bond with Malda, Bengal and Bihar. This riverine trade line was thus used by the Bhutanese and Sikkimese to bring goods into their mainland.

Modern history

Siliguri started as a small area in the northern part of city, on the front of Mahananda River, which is now Dagapur. The Treaty of Sugauli in 1816, signed between Britain-Nepal, changed the prospects of Siliguri, and it became a point of transit for the Darjeeling hills and Nepal mainland. From 1816 onwards, Siliguri started growing rapidly as a small city due to its strategic location in trade routes. In 1865, the British captured Darjeeling and the entire Dooars region to build tea plantations and export the produce to England. To scale up exportation they introduced the Siliguri Town railway station which stands to this day, and introduced the Toy train from the station to Darjeeling in 1880. This helped Siliguri gain sub-divisional town status in 1907.[21]

The "Siliguri Corridor" was formed when Bengal was divided into West Bengal and East Pakistan (later Bangladesh) in 1947, with Sikkim later merging with India in 1975.[22] At this point many immigrants came to settle here for better infrastructure, which led to an increased population. Later in 1950 Siliguri achieved municipal status.[23] Keeping in mind the importance of Siliguri, in 1951, the Assam rail link was established with newly made (1949) Meter gauge Siliguri Junction railway station. After few years in 1961 all these stations were connected with broad gauge New Jalpaiguri Junction railway station which later became the most important railway station in Northeast India.[24]

Due to tremendous growth, Siliguri is now far away from its past outlook, becoming the largest and fastest growing city in eastern India after Guwahati. The growth rate of Siliguri was 57.8% during 1971- 1981. Considering this growth, Siliguri came under the Integrated Urban Development Project program in 1981. Siliguri population growth rate rose to 46.8% of 1981–1991. A treaty between India and China for trade through Nathu La Pass, has expedited development and prospects of Siliguri as an international transportation and logistics hub. Later in 1994 Siliguri built a Municipal corporation which has been responsible for the civic infrastructure and administration of the city of Siliguri. Siliguri has now achieved the status of becoming the 3rd largest city in West Bengal, after Kolkata and Asansol.[25]

Geography

Location

Siliguri is located at the foothills of the eastern Himalayas at a location of 26.71°N 88.43°W. The city is spread over an area of 260 km2 within the Siliguri Corridor, also known as the Chicken's neck. The city is surrounded by dense forests towards north and lifeline of Siliguri, Mahananda River flows through the city thereby bisecting it into two halves. Teesta river is not far from the city. Siliguri has an average elevation of 122 metres (400 feet).[26] As Siliguri is located in the Terai region, the soil is sandy in nature with the ratio of sand and silt much higher than clay. This region is very prone to earthquake as there are several fault lines nearby.[27] [28] [29] [30] The Siliguri subdivision is surrounded by Himalayan ranges towards north and towards south by the country Bangladesh, Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal and the Indian state of Bihar. On the east lies Jalpaiguri district and Kalimpong district and bounded on the west by the country of Nepal, thus strategically so important.[31]

Climate

Siliguri falls under the humid subtropical climate (Cwa), when using the Köppen climate classification. Warm summers, cooler winters and a severe monsoon defines Siliguri's climate.

Temperature

The average annual temperature in Siliguri is 23.2 °C. In summer, the temperature varies from a minimum of 20-24 °C to a maximum of 30-35 °C.[32] The temperature of the hottest month, August, is 27.1 °C. The temperature in peak summer sometimes exceeds 38 °C.[33] [34] [35] [36] On the other hand, the winter maximum temperature hovers around 20-25 °C, and the minimum drops 6-9 °C.[32] January is the coldest month with an average temperature of 16.4 °C. The minimum temperature in winter season sometimes drops 5 °C or below.[37] [38] [39] [40] The highest temperature ever recorded in Siliguri is 41.9 °C, recorded on 7 June 2023,[41] while the lowest was recorded on 8 January 2018, when the mercury plummeted to 1.9 °C.[42] [43]

Rainfall and other conditions

On an average, Siliguri gets above 3000 mm per year.[44] Winters are mostly dry, with the summers being rainy. About 80% of the annual rainfall is felt between June and September, this period is known as monsoons or rainy season in the season cycle. Heavy showers are often felt in May,[45] June,[46] July,[47] August and September.[48] July is the wettest month (804 mm) and January is the driest month (12 mm). The average rainy days in July is 27 and for December and January it is 1. Humidity is high throughout the year.

Demographics

Based on the Census data of 2011, the population of Siliguri UA/Metropolitan (including Siliguri municipal corporation and Dabagram municipality) is 701,489, while the population in the Municipal corporation area is 5,13,264.[6] [49] Males constitute 51.44% of the population and females 48.55%. Population shares of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe category persons in Siliguri municipal area are 8.84% and 1.25% respectively. The literacy rate in Siliguri is 77.64%. There are 154 notified and 31 non-notified slums in Siliguri, where 32% of Siliguri's population lives.

Languages

Bengali is the official language in Siliguri subdivision, including Siliguri city.[50]

In the municipal corporation at the time of the 2011 census, 60.88% of the population spoke Bengali, 25.24% Hindi, 4.66% Nepali, 2.39% Bhojpuri, 1.58% Marwari and 1.24% Urdu as their first language.

Bengalis form the majority linguistic group in the city, followed by Biharis, Marwaris, Punjabis, Nepalis, Odias, and Tribals. According to a 2001 thesis, Bengali speakers had a percentage of 64.25% out of the total population. Of the 30 wards in 2001, their population ranged from 11.71% to 98.96%.[51]

Religion

The most commonly followed religion in Siliguri is Hinduism, with Islam being the largest minority religion, followed by small percentage of adherents of Christianity and Buddhism.[52]

Governance and politics

Civic administration

Siliguri saw rapid urbanisation under the British rule and that was reflected in its local governance as well. The earliest form of local urban governance was a Sanitation Committee set up in 1915.[53] Its function was to dispose off night soil. Till 1921, most aspects of local governance in Darjeeling district, including Siliguri, was looked after by the Darjeeling Improvement Fund. In 1922, Siliguri Local Board with nominated members was created under the Bengal Local Self Government Act, 1885. In 1938, the Union Board was set up in Siliguri under the Bengal Village Self-Government Act, 1919 and it provided public utilities in the city.

The Municipal Council was set up in 1949 under the Bengal Municipal Act of 1932 with 8 wards. The first chairperson of the municipality was the Sub Divisional Officer, and the local councillors, called 'commissioners' in the then municipal act in effect, were nominated by the state government. After the amendment of the act in 1956, 3/4 of the local representatives were elected, while the remaining nominated by the Deputy Commissioner. The first elected chairperson of Siliguri was Jagdish Chandra Bhattacharya.

In 1994, the municipal council was upgraded to the Siliguri Municipal Corporation with 47 wards. It had five departments then: General Administration, Collection, License, Public Works and Sanitation and Public Health. The corporation now has 23 departments.[54] It has 47 wards, of which 14 wards are in Jalpaiguri district, while the remaining 33 wards are in Darjeeling district.[55] The last municipal elections was in 2015, when Communist Party of India (Marxist) won 23 seats, All India Trinamool Congress won 17 seats, Indian National Congress won 5 seats, Bharatiya Janata Party won 2 seats, while an independent candidate won 1 seat.[56] The mayor of Siliguri for the 5-year term of 2015-20 was Ashok Bhattacharya from CPIM, who was later elected as the local Member of Legislative Assembly as well.[57]

The term of the last elected body of Siliguri Municipal Corporation ended on 7 May 2020 but municipal elections could not be held because of the COVID-19 pandemic.[58] A Board of Administrators was established with the outgoing mayor, Ashok Bhattacharya, as the chairperson. This board will take care of the civic utilities of the city till the new municipal body is elected. This follows the establishment of similar boards first in state capital Kolkata and then the rest of the state.[59]

Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha constituency

Siliguri is part of the Darjeeling Lok Sabha constituency. The last elections for the Lok Sabha took place in 2024, when Raju Bista from Bharatiya Janta Party won the seat.[60] The last elections to the West Bengal Vidhan Sabha took place in 2021. The Member of Legislative Assembly representing Siliguri Vidhan Sabha Constituency is Sankar Ghosh.[61]

Civic services and infrastructure

Building plans in Siliguri are approved by Siliguri Municipal corporation; for building up to 3 storeys including parking, the Borough Offices give clearance, while for buildings with more than 3 storeys, the Building Department gives the approval.[62] The present City Development Plan 2041 for Siliguri was developed in 2015 as part of the Capacity Building for Urban Development project under the then Ministry of Urban Development by the private consultancy, CRISIL Risk and Infrastructure Solutions Limited.[63] Siliguri City comes under Siliguri Jalpaiguri Planning Area and the responsibility of planning and development of the city lies with Siliguri Jalpaiguri Development Authority.

The Public Health Engineering Department of the state government is responsible for developing and maintaining the infrastructure for water supply, while the Water Supply department of the corporation provides new connections, supplies water, and collects the user charges.[64] The Conservancy Environment Department of the corporation provides Solid Waste Management services in the city.[65] Each ward in the city has its own Solid Waste Management committee that takes care of cleanliness at the ward level. The Public Works Department of the corporation and Siliguri Jalpaiguri Development Authority are both responsible for the construction and maintenance of roads in Siliguri.[66] [67] [68] Siliguri Jalpaiguri Development Authority also prepared the Traffic & Transportation Master Plan 2030 and the Comprehensive Mobility Plan for Siliguri Jalpaiguri Planning Area.[69]

Flora and fauna

Flora

Siliguri and surrounding the Sub-Himalayan forests are rich in fauna diversity. The plains of North Bengal (Siliguri, Jalpaiguri, Cooch Behar etc.) are surrounded by deep forests. These forests are home of various rare and common species of plants. The forest here is moist Tropical and characterised by dense growth of tall Sal (Shorea robusta). Sal occupies about 80% of all vegetation in these tropical forest.

These forests are categorised by their dominating plant species such as

1) East Himalayan Sal Forest, present on the lower slopes of Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary contains Sal, Khair, Simul, Sissoo, Riverine grasslands and various rare species of plants like Orchids

2) East Himalayan Upper Bhabar Sal, mainly present at Jalpaiguri district which is characterised by a dense population of Microstegium chiliatum, Sal. Others are Terminalia tomentosa and Schima wallichii.

3) Eastern Tarai Sal Forest, generally found in lower altitudes compared to other two types of forest. This type of forest characterised by various species of bamboos, ferns, and Sal which is found in Baikunthapur Forest, near Siliguri city.[70]

The rapid growth of the city has led to deforestation, making Siliguri warmer day by day and unbalancing the ecosystem.

Fauna

Siliguri is located in the Terai region ("moist land"), a belt of marshy grasslands and dense tropical deciduous moist forests at the base of Himalaya range which is rich in biodiversity, containing numerous rare species of flora and fauna. These forests are characterised by their distinct wildlife variety. Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary near Siliguri is famous for elephants. Sukna is the gateway to this sanctuary, which is 12 km from Siliguri.

These sub-Himalayan forests are the home of various types of wild animals like the elephant, tiger, Indian bison, barking deer, wild pig, monkey, civet, snake, lizard, mountain goat, sambar, chital and fishing cat. These forests are also home of about 243 different bird species like the pied hornbill, egret, kingfisher, drongo, fly catcher, woodpecker and others. Another common sight is migratory water birds.[71]

Transport

Road

NH 27 crosses through the heart of the city[72] which is now a part of the AH2 project. Siliguri is the origin of the century-old Hill Cart Road that is NH 110, which connects Siliguri and Darjeeling[73] (77 km) dating from the British period. Siliguri also is the origin of NH 10 which connects Gangtok,[74] [75] and NH 12 which connects Pankhabari-Mirik. The highways NH 327, that connects Siliguri — Panitanki and NH 327B connecting Panitanki - Mechi Bridg, are also part of AH2.It connects to adjacent countries through following routes:

Bus service

Rail

Being a transportation hub,[82] Siliguri is well connected through railway with almost all parts of the country. There are seven stations that serve the city.

New Jalpaiguri Junction railway stationNew Jalpaiguri Junction railway station, established in 1960[83] (station code NJP)[84] is an A1 category[85] broad gauge and narrow gauge railway station under Katihar railway division of Northeast Frontier Railway zone. It is the biggest railway station of Northeast India serving the city Siliguri. This station is well connected to almost all parts of the country except Goa.[86] This station ranked 10th cleanest railway station in India in a 2016 survey[87] and was among the top 100 booking stations of Indian railway.[88] Many premium services are available, including 1 international Mitali Express, Howrah–New Jalpaiguri Vande Bharat Express, New Jalpaiguri - Guwahati Vande Bharat Express, New Jalpaiguri–Patna Vande Bharat Express, 4 Rajdhani Express, 2 Tourist Vistadome Express, 1 Shatabdi Express and 2 Humsafar Express.[89]
  • Siliguri JunctionSiliguri Junction railway station (station code SGUJ)[90] established in 1949[91] is another major broad gauge and narrow gauge railway station of Siliguri. Until 2011 it was the only triple gauge (broad gauge, meter gauge and narrow gauge) railway station in India.[92] After 2011, the meter gauge was shut down, but the track remains between Siliguri Junction railway station and Bagdogra railway station. Many different cities in India are serviced from this station.[93]
    • Siliguri Town railway stationSiliguri Town railway station is one of the oldest railway station (station code SGUT)[94] of the region, opened in 1880[95] [96] for the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (Toy train) connecting Siliguri and Darjeeling. Its importance diminished with the construction of the Siliguri Junction railway station and New Jalpaiguri junction. Siliguri Town railway station is also a broad gauge and narrow gauge railway station, and is halting point for 8 trains only.[97]
    Bagdogra railway stationBagdogra railway station (station code BORA)[98] comes under greater Siliguri metropolitan area. It is 10 km from Siliguri junction and is the third largest railway station after NJP and Siliguri Junction. This station serves Bagdogra and adjacent areas. Bagdogra railway station is on the Siliguri-Aluabari broad gauge single line via Thakurganj. This station is the halting point for 14 trains.[99]
    Gulma railway stationGulma railway station Railway (station code GLMA) is part of the Siliguri Urban area. It is 12 km from Siliguri City center and serves Champasari Anchal and Gulma areas. Gulma railway station is on the New Jalpaiguri-Alipurduar-Samuktala Road Line. This station is the halting point of 5 trains. Mainly passenger train halt at in this station.
    Matigara Railway StationMatigara Railway Station (station code MTRA)[100] is situated at Mathapari, West Bengal.[100] Trains passing through this station include MLFC - SGUJ DEMU and SGUJ- MLFC DEMU. This station has a single platform and two tracks; one broad gauge line and one metre gauge line.
    Rangapani railway stationRangapani railway station (station code RNI) is part of the greater Siliguri metropolitan area. It is 14 km from Siliguri City center and serves Rangapani and adjacent areas. Rangapani railway station is on the Howrah-New Jalpaiguri line. This station is a halting point for 2 passenger trains.

    Air

    Bagdogra Airport is an international airport located towards the west of Siliguri city, operated as a civil enclave at AFS Bagdogra of the Indian Air Force. This airport is a major transport hub in the region, with flights to Kolkata, New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Guwahati, Dibrugarh and has international connectivity with Paro and Bangkok. The airport also has regular helicopter services to Gangtok. Due to its location near Darjeeling hills and Sikkim, the Bagdogra Airport sees thousands of tourists annually. Central government of India confirmed international airport status to this airport in 2002 with limited international operations.[101] [102] This is one of the few airports in India with zero sales tax on aviation turbine fuel.[103]

    Educational facilities

    University

    Colleges

    General degree colleges[105]
    Medical colleges
    Engineering colleges
    Other Colleges

    Schools

    English Medium Schools
    Army Schools

    Media

    Newspaper: English newspapers including The Telegraph,[112] Times of India, The Statesman,[113] The Economic Times, and The Asian Age are widely circulated throughout the city. Several Bengali newspapers including Uttarbanga Sambad,[114] Anandabazar Patrika,[115] Bartaman,[116] Uttarer Saradin,[117] Aajkaal, Pratidin, and Ganashakti[118] and Nepali Paper Himalaya Darpan are available. The leading Hindi dailies Prabhat Khabar[119] [120] and Janpath Samachar[121] are also published from Siliguri.The online based news portals Siliguri Times,[122] Khabar Arohan,[123] Bong Siliguri Times,[124] CCN News, The Siliguri Journal,[125] and Siliguri Barta,[126] Times of North provide live updates regarding Siliguri and adjacent areas.
    Radio : All India Radio Siliguri was commissioned in 1963 as an additional station of AIR Kolkata.[127] It has two groups of transmitters: high power BEL HMB 140 (AM) -2 [2×100 kW] and medium range GCEL 136 (FM) - 2 [2×5 kW], for broadcasting programs.[128] Prantik was the first program broadcast from here in 1969.[127] In the course of time many notable individuals like Hemanta Mukhopadhyay, Ustad Rashid Khan, Subhas Mukhopadhyay, Shashi Kapoor, Manabendra Mukhopadhyay, Madhuri Chattopadhyay, and Priya Ranjan Dasmunshi have visited AIR Siliguri.[129] Popular programs executing from here are Pratyusha, Yuva Anusthan, Grame Ganje, Mahila Majlis, Mananiyeshu, Sishumahal and Arogya.[130] Two radio channels are operated from AIR Siliguri through which programs are broadcasting daily:
    No.Name[131] Frequency[132] Language
    01Primary Channel (PC) PC: 421.9 Metres 711 kHz (Medium wave) Bengali
    02Vividh Bharati Service (VBS) VBS: 101.4 MHz (High wave) Bengali/Hindi

    In addition to All India Radio, Siliguri has several private FM radio channels:

    No.Name[133] [134] Frequency[135] Language
    01Nine FM 91.9 FM Hindi
    02Radio High[136] 92.7 FM Hindi
    0393.5 FM Hindi
    04Radio Misty 94.3 FM Bengali
    05Radio Mirchi 98.3 FM Bengali
    06Air Rainbow[137] 102.3 FM Hindi/English
    Television: Siliguri receives almost all television channels received by rest of the country. Apart from the national terrestrial network Doordarshan,[138] [139] cable TV serves most of the houses.[140] [141] Siliguri also receives some Nepali[142] and Bangladeshi channels too. Siliguri has three local channels: CCN,[143] Amar Cable and HTV. There is a TV tower in Kurseong,[144] about 25 km from Siliguri.

    Sports facilities

    Siliguri hosts numerous sporting events and matches to influence and build develop young athletes from the city. Some of the important sports enthusiast local clubs in Siliguri organise several cricket, football, volleyball, swimming competition, TT matches etc. S.A.I or Sports Authority of India in Kanchenjunga Stadium conducts football and athletics.[145] With the provision for an international outdoor and indoor stadium, Siliguri has enough opportunities to host national level matches.[146] This has led Siliguri become a prominent city for national champions like Mantu Ghosh, the gold medalist winner in the bi-annual South Asian Games (SAF) for table tennis, Ankita Das, Nandita Saha[147] and Soumyajit Ghosh[148] another internationally acclaimed table tennis player and Wriddhiman Saha – Indian international cricketer who plays Test matches for Indian national team.[149] Siliguri has done a tremendous job for Indian table tennis.[150] Bikash Ghosh Memorial Swimming Pool is beside Kanchanjunga Stadium in the city, and conducts swimming competitions. White water rafting is done nearby in the Teesta river.[151]

    Kanchenjunga Stadium

    Kanchanjunga Stadium, a multipurpose stadium, is the main stadium in Siliguri,[152] and is primarily used for football matches, although it has also hosted several cricket matches. It has a capacity of 30,000[153] people at a time. Recently this stadium is all set to get a facelift.[154]

    Football:

    Cricket:

    Municipal corporation indoor stadium

    Indoor sports including table tennis, badminton, taekwon-do, lawn tennis and chess are played here. Siliguri is renowned for being the training grounds of table tennis players. This stadium can hold 5000 people at a time. The Senior National Table Tennis Championship[159] was recently organised here.[160] Sports festival, 2017 was also held in this indoor stadium.[161]

    Visitors' attractions

    Darjeeling Himalayan Railway toy train runs between New Jalpaiguri, Siliguri and Darjeeling. It was built between 1879 and 1881 and has been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[162] [163] Coronation Bridge, also known as Sevoke Bridge, is situated on lower Himalaya about 20 km from Siliguri and was made in 1930[164] This bridge spans across Teesta River.[165] Gajoldoba view point is 28 km from Siliguri, famous for the huge reservoir formed by Teesta Barrage. This reservoir is home for many species of migratory birds, including river lapwing, great crested grebe, Indian cormorant, purple heron, Eurasian wigeon, common shelduck, cotton teal, tufted duck, little ringed plover, and great cormorant. Due to shuttling of migratory birds, the Pakhibitan sanctuary was established here. A boating facility is available.[166]

    North Bengal Wild Animals Park, about away from the city, offers visitors the 'Bengal Safari' to experience sub-Himalayan wildlife closely, such as jungle fowl, sambar deer, royal bengal tiger, wild boars, spotted deer, wild bear, and rhinoceros. It is fundamentally a part of the Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary, spread over an area of 700 acres. The park conducts herbivore safaris, carnivore safaris, and elephant safaris.[167] [168] The Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary is located away from Siliguri on the foothills of the Himalayas, between Teesta and Mahananda.The sanctuary spans over of reserve forest. In 1959, it received the status of a sanctuary mainly to protect the Indian bison and royal bengal tiger. This sanctuary is home to rare mountain goat, chital, barking dear, fishing cat, sambar deer, tiger, elephant and Indian bison and migratory birds. It offers mild to medium trekking challenges at some points.[169]

    There are some important Hindu and Buddhists monuments in and around the city. Salugara Monastery is located away from Siliguri. The main attraction is the stupa, which is believed to be founded by the Tibetan Lama, Kalu Rinpoche.[170] This tranquil location for meditation was established by Tibetan monks and followers of Dalai Lama.[171] Sed-Gyued monastery is located near Salugara monastery. It is a breathtaking monument which was destroyed by the Chinese army, and then rebuilt. The monastery is home to more than 90 monks of the Gelukpa division, and is used as a research centre.[172] Ewam India Buddhist Monastrey is from Siliguri and is placed in the lap of nature near Bengal safari.[173] The ISKCON temple in the city, also known as Sri Sri Radha Madhav Sundar Mandir locally, is one of the biggest Krishna centres in the North-Eastern region of India.[174] The Sevoke Kali temple is an ancient temple on the banks of Teesta river close to the Coronation Bridge.This temple dedicated to Maa Kali, the Goddess of Destruction.[175]

    Siliguri also offers amusement and water parks to tourists and locals. Dreamland Amusement Park, located near Fulbari, from Siliguri junction, is an agricultural land converted in a fun house. It has 5-6 usual rides and a mini Ropeway. Savin Kingdom is an amusement and water park which is located near Dagapur in Siliguri. The water park has a pool, slides, artificial wave, and rain dance.[176] It also has various joy rides like adrenaline junkies, sky train, break dance, go-carting, and artificial bullsas well as a multiplex, kids zone, and restaurant.[177]

    The North Bengal Science Centre, established in 1997, is the only science centre in North Bengal. The main attractions are the Digital Planetarium, Science Shows, 3D Theater, Taramandal Shows, science galleries and a green Science Park.[178] [179] The Hong Kong market is known as the Chandni Chowk of Northeast India, a street market with a variety of shops popping out on the alleyways.[180]

    Notable people

    See also

    External links

    Notes and References

    1. Web site: Siliguri-no. of wards. www.census2011.co.in. 2 May 2019. 2 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190502075612/https://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/801638-siliguri-west-bengal.html. live.
    2. Web site: Siliguri-The gateway of Northeast India. www.siliguri.gov.in. 22 March 2019. 22 March 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190322202252/http://www.siliguri.gov.in/. live.
    3. Web site: Siliguri City. sjda.org. 23 November 2020. 7 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211207215225/https://www.sjda.org/SJDA/Pages/location. live.
    4. Web site: West Bengal Govt. Department of Municipal Affairs. Wbdma.gov.in.
    5. Web site: SJDA. sjda.org. 23 November 2020. 1 December 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201201121554/https://www.sjda.org/SJDA/Pages/about_profile. live.
    6. Web site: Welcome to Siliguri Municipal Corporation, Siliguri, West Bengal . 8 June 2019 . 8 June 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190608092516/http://www.siligurismc.in/ . live .
    7. Web site: District Census Handbook Darjiling . District Primary Census Abstract, Census of India 2011 . censusindia.gov . 6 October 2020 . 10 October 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201010204206/https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/1901_PART_B_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf . live .
    8. Web site: Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above . Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 . censusindia.gov . 21 October 2011 . 13 November 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111113152754/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf . live .
    9. Web site: Fact and Figures. Wb.gov.in. 10 March 2019. 14 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200614062657/https://wb.gov.in/404-page.aspx?aspxerrorpath=%2Fportal%2Fweb%2Fguest%2F404-page.aspx. live.
    10. Web site: 52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India. Nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. 10 March 2019. 85. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf. 25 May 2017.
    11. Web site: Cities having population 1 lakh and above-sex ratio . Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 . 5 . 3 May 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220203014453/https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf . 3 February 2022.
    12. Book: Faultlines . 2002 . Institute for Conflict Management . 978-81-87553-12-0 . 43 .
    13. Book: Thapar . Santushti Raj . A Snapshot on India and its Neighbourhood Relationships . 29 January 2022 . FanatiXx Publication . 185 . 2nd . en.
    14. C.K . Venugopal . Siliguri – The Gateway to North- East . 12 July 2022 . OnManorama . 24 January 2015 . 12 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220712115253/https://www.onmanorama.com/travel/outside-kerala/2018/06/30/siliguri-the-gateway-to-north-east.html . live .
    15. Web site: Siliguri- the gateway to the northeast India. www.siligurismc.in. 8 June 2019. 22 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190622223257/http://www.siligurismc.in/history-of-siliguri.php. live.
    16. Web site: Siliguri-about location. www.wbtourismgov.in. 8 June 2019. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430122553/https://wbtourismgov.in/destination/place/siliguri. dead.
    17. Web site: Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above . Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201122151653/https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf . 22 November 2020 . 23 May 2023 .
    18. Web site: Siliguri-description. www.siliguri.gov.in. 8 June 2019. 8 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190608233132/http://www.siliguri.gov.in/. live.
    19. Web site: History of Siliguri-SMC. 4 August 2019. 22 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190622223257/http://www.siligurismc.in/history-of-siliguri.php. live.
    20. Web site: 2018. Handbook on Siliguri. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20190520082216/http://asiscwb.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Siliguri-Handbook-1.pdf. 20 May 2019. asiscwb.org. Association of Schools for the Indian Schools Certificate.
    21. Web site: Modern history of Siliguri. 30 April 2019. 22 April 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220422181608/https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GvGAG4dYG7qzx6amp2EQYoeahm8EnuSK/view?usp=drivesdk.pdf. live.
    22. News: Sikkim Voters OK Merger With India . Sarasota Herald-Tribune . 16 April 1975 . 20 May 2019 . 21 January 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210121042224/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1755&dat=19750416&id=vDogAAAAIBAJ&pg=7319,25549 . live .
    23. Web site: About Siliguri municipal corporation. www.siligurismc.in. 8 June 2019. 8 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190608092419/http://www.siligurismc.in/about-us.php. live.
    24. Book: 9788186860441. Sailen Debnath. The Dooars in Historical Transition. January 2010. N.L. Publishers. 10 August 2020. 30 March 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240330041917/https://books.google.com/books?id=K1viSAAACAAJ. live.
    25. Web site: Siliguri in recent days. www.siliguri.gov.in. 30 April 2019. 1 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190501001830/http://siliguri.gov.in/. live.
    26. Web site: Topographic map of Siliguri. www.topographic-map.com. 21 May 2019. 30 March 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240330041915/https://en-in.topographic-map.com/. live.
    27. Web site: Earthquake jolts Sikkim and part of Darjeeling. www.news18.com. 3 October 2013. 21 May 2019. 12 October 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191012152833/https://www.news18.com/news/india/5-0-magnitude-earthquake-jolts-sikkim-and-parts-of-darjeeling-642797.html. live.
    28. News: Magnitude 6.9 – SIKKIM, INDIA . . 18 September 2011 . 21 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20110921163147/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0005wg6.php . 21 September 2011.
    29. Web site: 7.9 magnitude earthquake effected Siliguri heavily. www.india.com. 21 May 2019. 25 April 2015. 5 December 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191205110228/https://www.india.com/news/india/earthquake-in-nepal-and-northern-india-2015-quake-kills-two-injures-20-in-bengal-364193/. live.
    30. Web site: 38 cities in India fall in high risk earthquake zones. www.indiatoday.in. 21 May 2019. 13 November 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191113230617/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/nepal-earthquake-india-cities-high-risk-zone-250460-2015-04-27. live.
    31. Web site: About Siliguri Subdivision . Siliguri.gov.in . 10 March 2019 . 13 March 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190313030346/http://www.siliguri.gov.in/about.html . live .
    32. Web site: Climate of Siliguri. 11 October 2020. 8 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230408051042/https://www.weatheronline.in/weather/maps/city?WMO=42398&CONT=inin&LAND=IWB&ART=MAX&LEVEL=150. live.
    33. Web site: Siliguri burning in schorching heat. 11 October 2020. 29 September 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200929203506/https://www.anandabazar.com/district/north-bengal/siliguri-burning-in-scorching-heat-1.1028383. live.
    34. Web site: Siliguri crossed 36 yesterday. 11 October 2020. 22 April 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220422181608/https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/june-celsius-scorches-siliguri-hope-for-rain-in-48-hours-as-town-swelters-at-37c/cid/178909. live.
    35. Web site: গরমে নাকাল শিলিগুড়ি. 13 October 2020. 12 November 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181112085924/https://www.anandabazar.com/state/siliguri-facing-trouble-in-scorching-heat-damaging-tea-leaves-in-doors-1.184013. live.
    36. Web site: Heatwave likely to trouble people of Siliguri for few more days. 5 August 2020. 2 November 2020. 8 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230408051042/https://siliguritimes.com/heatwave-likely-to-trouble-people-of-siliguri-for-few-more-days/. live.
    37. Web site: শীতে কাঁপছে উত্তরবঙ্গ, শিলিগুড়িতে পারদ নামল ৩ ডিগ্রিতে. 12 October 2020. 8 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230408051041/http://archives.anandabazar.com/archive/1130111/11uttar5.html. live.
    38. Web site: Siliguri Jalpaiguri shivers from cold. 11 October 2020. 22 April 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220422182141/https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/jalpaiguri-shivers-in-30-year-low-relief-from-cold-not-today-says-met-office/cid/348947. live.
    39. Web site: ৪.৪ ডিগ্রি! শিলিগুড়ির চাই রুম হিটার. 11 October 2020. 20 August 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220820110449/https://aajkaal.in/news/northbengal/siliguri-zszx. dead.
    40. Web site: রেকর্ড পতন পারদের, কোথায় তাপমাত্রা কত?. 28 December 2019. 20 October 2020. 21 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201021195358/https://bengali.indianexpress.com/photos/west-bengal/west-bengal-weather-updates-kolkata-winter-temperature-today-175603/. live.
    41. Web site: জ্বলছে পাহাড়, ইতিহাসে আজ উষ্ণতম শিলিগুড়ি. 7 June 2023. 8 June 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230608162137/https://bengali.oneindia.com/news/west-bengal/weather-news-darjeeling-beats-west-bengal-highest-temperature-bagdogra-41-9-wednesday-190346.html. live.
    42. Web site: রেকর্ড শীত সমতলে, শিলিগুড়ির পারদ নামল ১.৯ ডিগ্রিতে. 12 October 2020. 22 January 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200122111336/https://www.anandabazar.com/district/north-bengal/cold-wave-in-ub-1.738273. live.
    43. Web site: Siliguri min. temperature January 2018. 12 October 2020. 24 November 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211124190438/https://www.weatheronline.in/weather/maps/city. live.
    44. Web site: Rainfall in Siliguri. 12 October 2020. 18 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201018211834/https://www.weatheronline.in/weather/maps/city?LANG=in&PLZ=_____&PLZN=_____&WMO=42398&PAG=1&CONT=inin&LEVEL=160&REGION=0024&LAND=II&INFO=0&R=0&NOREGION=1. live.
    45. Web site: প্রবল বৃষ্টিতে ভাসছে উত্তরবঙ্গ, কার্যত বৃষ্টিহীন দক্ষিণ. 12 October 2020. 17 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201017080158/https://www.kolkata24x7.com/heavy-rain-occurred-at-many-places-of-northbengal/. dead.
    46. Web site: Good Monsoon rains in Siliguri and Jalpaiguri. 26 June 2019. 15 October 2020. 19 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201019105544/https://www.skymetweather.com/content/weather-news-and-analysis/good-monsoon-rains-in-siliguri-and-jalpaiguri-kolkata-to-see-rains-around-june-30/. live.
    47. News: Heavy rain floods in North Bengal. The Times of India. 25 July 2016. 15 October 2020. 27 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201027181249/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Heavy-rainfall-floods-N-Bengal/articleshow/53372097.cms. live.
    48. Web site: ভাসছে উত্তর, বৃষ্টির প্রতীক্ষায় দক্ষিণবঙ্গ. 12 October 2020. 1 November 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201101124901/https://www.anandabazar.com/state/raining-in-north-bengal-south-bengal-want-rain-1.157982. live.
    49. Web site: District Census Handbook Darjiling. 6 October 2020. Census India. 10 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201010204206/https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/1901_PART_B_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf. live.
    50. Web site: West Bengal Official Language Act, 1961. 7 October 2020. West Bengal Judicial Academy. 18 September 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200918234648/http://wbja.nic.in/wbja_adm/files/The%20Bengal%20Official%20Language%20Act,%201961_1.pdf. live.
    51. Majumdar . Sudipta . 2001 . Siliguri : An Urban Study In Socio-economic Considerations . Department of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal . 18 August 2022 . 18 August 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220818103816/https://ir.nbu.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/1141/17/164040.pdf . live .
    52. Web site: C-1 Population By Religious Community . census.gov.in . 16 September 2020 . 21 January 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210121012713/https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS . live .
    53. Web site: Das. Chinmayakar. People Governance and development a study of Siliguri Municipal corporation area. 30 September 2020. Shodhganga. 10603/137085. 17 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190417093921/http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/137085. live.
    54. Web site: Departments. 30 September 2020. siligurismc.in. 29 September 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200929052323/http://www.siligurismc.in/departments.php. live.
    55. Web site: Siliguri Municipal Corporation :: About Us. 30 September 2020. siligurismc.in. 29 October 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201029134121/http://www.siligurismc.in/about-us.php. live.
    56. News: Iqbal. Aadil Ikram Zaki. 28 April 2015. West Bengal municipal corporation result 2015: Trinamool Congress wins 70 municipalities including KMC, BJP fails. 30 September 2020. India.com | Top Latest News from India, USA and Top National Breaking News Stories. en. 15 April 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220415053025/https://www.india.com/news/india/west-bengal-municipal-corporation-result-2015-trinamool-congress-wins-70-municipalities-including-kmc-bjp-fails-367601/. live.
    57. News: Civic election results: CPM trumps TMC in Siliguri, but Mamata Banerjee retains supremacy. The Economic Times. 30 September 2020. 19 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211219111142/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/civic-election-results-cpm-trumps-tmc-in-siliguri-but-mamata-banerjee-retains-supremacy/articleshow/49267746.cms. live.
    58. News: Singh. Shiv Sahay. 17 May 2020. Mamata govt. accepts CPI(M) demand, drops TMC councillors from Siliguri Municipal Corporation BOA. en-IN. The Hindu. 30 September 2020. 0971-751X. 18 December 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201218215418/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/mamata-govt-accepts-cpim-demand-drops-tmc-councillors-from-siliguri-municipal-corporation-boa/article31605907.ece. live.
    59. Web site: 13 May 2020. After KMC, chiefs of 91 municipalities to continue as administrators. 30 September 2020. The Statesman. en-US. 8 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230408051041/https://www.thestatesman.com/bengal/kmc-chiefs-91-municipalities-continue-administrators-1502888040.html. live.
    60. Darjeeling lok sabha election results 2024: Darjeeling Winning Candidates List and Vote Share . India Today . 4 June 2024 . 19 June 2024.
    61. News: Sankar Ghosh West Bengal Assembly Election Results Live, Candidates News, Videos, Photos . 2 April 2022 . News18 . 2 April 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220402115143/https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2021/west-bengal/sankar-ghosh-siliguri-candidate-s25a026c004/ . live .
    62. Web site: Building Department. 1 September 2020. Siliguri Municipal Corporation. 12 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200812000234/http://www.siligurismc.in/building-department.php. live.
    63. Web site: City Development Plan for Siliguri – 2041. 1 October 2020. Siliguri Municipal Corporation. 19 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211019204048/http://siligurismc.in/userfiles/file/siliguri-CDP-final-report-29April15.pdf. live.
    64. Web site: Water Supply Department. 1 September 2020. Siliguri Municipal Corporation. 8 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200808083625/http://www.siligurismc.in/water-supply-department.php. live.
    65. Web site: Conservancy Environment. 1 September 2020. Siliguri Municipal corporation. 8 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200808085945/http://www.siligurismc.in/conservancy-environment.php. live.
    66. Web site: Public Works Department. 1 September 2020. Siliguri Municipal Corporation. 8 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200808082006/http://www.siligurismc.in/public-works-department-pwd.php. live.
    67. Web site: Completed Projects. 1 September 2020. Siliguri Jalpaiguri Development Authority. 12 December 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201212224555/https://www.sjda.org/SJDA/Pages/completed_projects. live.
    68. Web site: On Going Projects. 1 September 2020. Siliguri Jalpaiguri Development Authority. 14 December 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201214184620/https://www.sjda.org/SJDA/Pages/ongoing_projects. live.
    69. Web site: Notice No. 11113-14/ Plg/ SJDA dated 04.07.2013. 1 September 2020. Siliguri Jalpaiguri Development Authority. 31 March 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220331062702/https://www.sjda.org/SJDA/AdminViews/images/3211.pdf. live.
    70. Web site: West Bengal Forest Department. Westbengalforest.gov.in. 21 March 2019. 5 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190605101303/http://westbengalforest.gov.in/. live.
    71. Web site: FLORA AND FAUNA OF NORTH BENGAL. Nbtourism.tripod.com. 21 March 2019. 21 March 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190321204805/http://nbtourism.tripod.com/flora_and_fauna_of_north_bengal.htm. live.
    72. Web site: National Highway 27 (India) -NH27. 15 August 2017. Nationalhighway.net. 21 March 2019.
    73. Web site: NH wise Details of NH in respect of Stretches entrusted to NHAI . 8 June 2019 . National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) . 25 February 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090225142615/http://www.nhai.org/Doc/project-offer/Highways.pdf . dead .
    74. Web site: New Numbering of National Highways notification - Government of India. The Gazette of India. 8 June 2019. 4 May 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180504155047/http://www.egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2011/E_574_2012_016.pdf. live.
    75. Web site: State-wise length of National Highways (NH) in India. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. 8 June 2019. 4 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190604032801/https://morth.nic.in/showfile.asp?lid=2924. live.
    76. Web site: NBSTC depot. nbstc.in. 8 June 2019. 8 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190608070610/http://nbstc.in/pages/depot.aspx. dead.
    77. Web site: NBSTC details information. www.nbstc.in. 8 June 2019. 8 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190608070612/http://www.nbstc.in/index2.aspx. dead.
    78. Web site: Urban mission buses for plains. www.telegraphindia.com. 20 May 2019. 8 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230408052547/https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/urban-mission-buses-for-plains/cid/1579280. live.
    79. Web site: SNT bus schedule. www.sntd.in. 8 June 2019. 8 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190608070953/http://www.sntd.in/PDF/BusSchedule.pdf. live.
    80. Web site: SNT bus terminus. www.sntd.in. 8 June 2019. 8 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190608071614/http://www.sntd.in/. live.
    81. Web site: PCM Group of Industries - P.C. Mittal Memorial Bus Terminus . pcmgroup.co.in . 16 March 2022 . 9 September 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210909055852/http://www.pcmgroup.co.in/csr_bus_terminus.html . live .
    82. News: Siliguri a transportation hub. The Times of India. 6 June 2019. 8 December 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191208233239/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/darjeeling/siliguri/ps36109242.cms. live.
    83. Web site: History of New Jalpaiguri Junction . IRFCA . 6 June 2019 . 27 September 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180927053828/https://www.irfca.org/docs/rinbad-siliguri.html . live .
    84. Web site: New Jalpaiguri junction station code. IRFCA. 6 June 2019. 13 June 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120613172546/http://irfca.org/apps/station_codes/list?alphaname=N&page=2. live.
    85. Web site: Railway station category. 6 June 2019. 28 January 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160128044328/http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/StationRedevelopment/AI%26ACategoryStns.pdf. live.
    86. Web site: New Jalpaiguri junction railway station-connectivity. www.erail.in. 6 June 2019. 6 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190606094945/https://erail.in/info/new-jalpaiguri-railway-station-NJP/25225. live.
    87. Web site: NFR's NJP ranked 10th cleanest railway station. 6 June 2019. 5 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190605124610/https://news.webindia123.com/news/articles/india/20160318/2819608.html. dead.
    88. Web site: New Jalpaiguri junction railway station-information. www.erail.in. 6 June 2019. 6 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190606094945/https://erail.in/info/new-jalpaiguri-railway-station-NJP/25225. live.
    89. Web site: About New Jalpaiguri junction. www.indiarailinfo.com. 6 June 2019. 5 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190605133528/https://indiarailinfo.com/arrivals/new-jalpaiguri-junction-njp/444. live.
    90. Web site: Siliguri junction station code. IRFCA. 6 June 2019. 16 February 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170216050202/http://irfca.org/apps/station_codes/list?alphaname=S&page=3. live.
    91. Web site: India: the complex history of the junctions at Siliguri and New Jalpaiguri . Alastair Boobyer . IRFCA . 6 June 2019 . 27 September 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180927053828/https://www.irfca.org/docs/rinbad-siliguri.html . live .
    92. Web site: Surviving as a meter gauge line in the broad gauge era . IRFCA . 6 June 2019 . 27 September 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180927053828/https://www.irfca.org/docs/rinbad-siliguri.html . live .
    93. Web site: About Siliguri junction. www.indiarailinfo.com. 6 June 2019. 5 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190605133428/https://indiarailinfo.com/arrivals/siliguri-junction-sguj/445. live.
    94. Web site: Siliguri Town station code. IRFCA. 6 June 2019. 16 February 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170216050202/http://irfca.org/apps/station_codes/list?alphaname=S&page=3. live.
    95. Web site: Siliguri Town railway station. 6 June 2019. 11 August 2014. 6 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190606073607/https://1001things.org/siliguri-town-railway-station-west-bengal-india/. live.
    96. Web site: India: the complex history of Siliguri Town railway station . Alastair Boobyer . IRFCA . 6 June 2019 . 27 September 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180927053828/https://www.irfca.org/docs/rinbad-siliguri.html . live .
    97. Web site: About Siliguri junction. www.indiarailinfo.com. 6 June 2019. 6 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190606070416/https://indiarailinfo.com/departures/siliguri-town-sgut/1602. live.
    98. Web site: Bagdogra railway station code. 6 June 2019. 6 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190606090140/https://www.ndtv.com/indian-railway/baghdogra-bora-station. live.
    99. Web site: About Bagdogra railway station. www.indiarailinfo.com. 6 June 2019. 5 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190605133455/http://amp.indiarailinfo.com/arrivals/bagdogra-bora/5312. live.
    100. Web site: Matigara Railway Station (MTRA) : Station Code, Time Table, Map, Enquiry . www.ndtv.com . 12 February 2020 . en . 29 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220729160318/https://www.ndtv.com/indian-railway/matigara-mtra-station . live .
    101. News: International status to Bagdogra airport. The Times of India. 2 October 2002. 27 April 2019. 5 January 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170105110717/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/International-status-to-Bagdogra-airport-hailed/articleshow/24001049.cms. live.
    102. News: Night-landing facility at Bagdogra soon . 23 February 2021 . The Times of India . 16 January 2010 . en . 29 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220729160318/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata-/Night-landing-facility-at-Bagdogra-soon/articleshow/5450515.cms . live .
    103. News: Bagdogra backs CM flight path- Tax waiver fuels air traffic growth . Mandal . Sanjay . https://web.archive.org/web/20150728095856/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150728/jsp/calcutta/story_34042.jsp#.VbdSZdj7SUk . 28 July 2015 . 27 April 2019.
    104. Web site: General list of universities in Siliguri. www.siligurismc.in. 8 June 2019. 8 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190608093553/http://www.siligurismc.in/educational-institutions.php. live.
    105. Web site: General list of colleges in Siliguri. www.siligurismc.in. 8 June 2019. 8 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190608093553/http://www.siligurismc.in/educational-institutions.php. live.
    106. Web site: Salesian college, Siliguri. www.salesiancollege.in. 20 May 2019. 16 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190516135617/http://www.salesiancollege.in/. dead.
    107. Web site: North Bengal Dental college & hospital - nbdc, nbdch, North Bengal Dental college & hospital, nbdch.in, dental college in siliguri, dental college in hospital. Nbdch.in. 21 March 2019. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430104558/http://www.nbdch.in/about.php. dead.
    108. Web site: DON BOSCO SCHOOL SILIGURI . dbssiliguri.in . 10 April 2024.
    109. Web site: Army Public School, Bengdubi. Apsbengdubi.org. 21 March 2019. 29 November 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201129071019/http://apsbengdubi.org/. live.
    110. Web site: Army Public School, Sukna. Apssukna.com. 21 March 2019. 9 March 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190309112449/http://www.apssukna.com/. live.
    111. Web site: Kendriya Vidyalaya, Sevoke Road :: Home Page. Kvsevokeroad.in. 21 March 2019. 14 March 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190314065522/http://www.kvsevokeroad.in/. live.
    112. Web site: The Telegraph Siliguri edition epaper. epaper.telegraphindia.com. 7 June 2019. 8 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230408072603/https://epaper.telegraphindia.com/north%20bangal/2019-06-06/72/Page-1.html. live.
    113. Web site: The Statesman Siliguri edition. www.uttarbangasambad.in. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607062456/https://epaper.thestatesman.com/t/9248. live.
    114. Web site: Uttarbanga Sambad Siliguri edition. www.uttarbangasambad.in. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607062206/http://uttarbangasambad.in/. live.
    115. Web site: Anandabazar Patrika Siliguri edition. www.anandabazar.com. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607062239/https://www.anandabazar.com/topic/siliguri. live.
    116. Web site: Bartaman Patrika Siliguri edition. www.bartamanpatrika.com. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607063358/http://www.bartamanpatrika.com/contact.php%3FcID%3D39. live.
    117. Web site: Uttarer Saradin-High Media Infotainment India Ltd.. www.highmediaindia.com. 7 June 2019. 21 October 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191021054719/http://www.highmediaindia.com/Media/contact_us.html. live.
    118. Web site: Ganashakti patrika Siliguri edition. bangla.ganashakti.co.in. 7 June 2019. 13 June 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060613235544/http://bangla.ganashakti.co.in/#page1. live.
    119. Web site: Prabhat Khabar Siliguri edition. epaper.prabhatkhabar.com. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607063759/https://epaper.prabhatkhabar.com/t/6235/Siliguri-City/?s=si. live.
    120. Web site: Prabhat Khabar newspaper-Siliguri news. epaper.prabhatkhabar.com. 7 June 2019. 3 July 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190703211030/https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/news/west-bengal/siliguri/. live.
    121. Web site: Janpath Samachar Siliguri edition epaper. www.janpathsamachar.com. 7 June 2019.
    122. Web site: SiliguriTimes-news portal. www.siliguritimes.com. 26 April 2019. 8 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190408100025/https://siliguritimes.com/category/news/siliguri/amp/. live.
    123. Web site: KhabarArohan. www.khabararohan.in. 26 April 2019. 11 July 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200711073425/https://khabararohan.in/. live.
    124. Web site: Bong Siliguri Times . 3 July 2020 . 27 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200627165946/https://bongsiliguritimes.com/ . live .
    125. Web site: The Siliguri Journal . 14 July 2024 . 3 July 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240703203849/https://www.siligurijournal.com/ . live .
    126. Web site: Siliguri Barta . 3 July 2020 . 4 July 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200704014258/https://www.siliguribarta.com/ . live .
    127. Web site: AIR Siliguri-history. www.airsiliguri.in. 7 June 2019. 28 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190628230518/http://airsiliguri.in/history.html. live.
    128. Web site: AIR Siliguri-technical information. www.airsiliguri.in. 7 June 2019. 30 March 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240330041911/http://airsiliguri.in/technical.html. live.
    129. Web site: Notable individuals visited AIR Siliguri. www.airsiliguri.in. 7 June 2019. 28 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190628230518/http://airsiliguri.in/history.html. live.
    130. Web site: Programs list of AIR Siliguri. www.airsiliguri.in. 7 June 2019. 28 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190628230518/http://airsiliguri.in/history.html. live.
    131. Web site: AIR Siliguri- broadcasting channels. www.airsiliguri.in. 7 June 2019. 28 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190628230642/http://airsiliguri.in/station-profile.html. live.
    132. Web site: AIR Siliguri- frequency details. www.airsiliguri.in. 7 June 2019. 28 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190628230642/http://airsiliguri.in/station-profile.html. live.
    133. Web site: Siliguri FM channels names. www.asiawaves.net. 7 June 2019. 4 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190404040641/https://www.asiawaves.net/india/west-bengal-radio.htm#siliguri-radio. live.
    134. Web site: FM stations in West Bengal. www.radio-asia.org. 7 June 2019. 30 March 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220330042418/https://radio-asia.org/fm/fm.php?itu=India&region=WB. live.
    135. Web site: Siliguri FM channels frequency. www.asiawaves.net. 7 June 2019. 4 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190404040641/https://www.asiawaves.net/india/west-bengal-radio.htm#siliguri-radio. live.
    136. Web site: Radio High 92.7 FM channel Siliguri. www.radiohigh927fm.com. 7 June 2019. 30 March 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190330095455/http://www.radiohigh927fm.com/. live.
    137. Web site: Air rainbow Kurseong-Siliguri FM channel names. www.onlineradiofm.in. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607070700/https://onlineradiofm.in/west-bengal/kurseong/fm-rainbow. live.
    138. Web site: DD Bangla-State owned channel. www.ddbangla.gov.in. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607090806/http://www.ddbangla.gov.in/. live.
    139. Web site: Doordarshan national. www.doordarshan.gov.in. 7 June 2019. 21 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190621155510/https://doordarshan.gov.in/. live.
    140. Web site: Siliguri Internet & Cable TV Private Limited. main.trai.gov.in. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607085841/https://main.trai.gov.in/siliguri-internet-cable-tv-private-limited. live.
    141. Web site: CCN Siliguri cable network. www.cccom.com. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607085142/http://www.cccom.in/. live.
    142. Web site: ABN TV Nepali TV channel. www.abntv.in. 7 June 2019. 12 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190612170537/http://abntv.in/. live.
    143. Web site: CCN Siliguri. www.cccom.com. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607085142/http://www.cccom.in/. live.
    144. Web site: Doordarshan west Bengal stations. www.doordarshan.gov.in. 7 June 2019. 7 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190607082316/https://doordarshan.gov.in/west-bengal-1. live.
    145. Web site: Sports Authority of India-Siliguri. www.sportsauthorityofindia.nic.in. 8 June 2019. 8 June 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190608085554/http://www.sportsauthorityofindia.nic.in/writereaddata/mainlinkfile/File1374.pdf. live.
    146. Web site: Third I-League matches in Kanchanjunga stadium. 1 May 2019. 8 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230408051042/https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/siliguri-prepares-for-big-battle/cid/1324566. live.
    147. Web site: Table Tennis Team-Women Melbourne 2006. thecgf.com. 1 May 2019. 24 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180424202644/https://thecgf.com/results/team/6241. dead.
    148. Web site: The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum. www.tribuneindia.com. 25 December 2019. 11 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200611044434/https://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120513/spectrum/main6.htm. live.
    149. Web site: Wriddhiman Saha stats. espncricinfo. 1 May 2019. 24 March 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180324225552/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;filter=advanced;keeper=1;orderby=player;runsmin1=100;runsval1=runs;team=6;template=results;type=batting;view=innings. live.
    150. Web site: Siliguri hailed as Bhiwani of Indian TT. 1 May 2019. 22 April 2012. 1 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190501120647/https://zeenews.india.com/sports/london-olympics-2012/siliguri-hailed-as-bhiwani-of-indian-tt-after-twin-oly-berth_741306.html. live.
    151. Web site: white water rafting in Teesta river. 1 May 2019. 1 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190501133126/https://www.darjeeling-tourism.com/darj_0000f1.htm. live.
    152. Web site: Kanchenjunga Stadium in Siliguri, a multipurpose stadium . World Stadiums . 1 May 2019 . 8 October 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211008180610/http://www.worldstadiums.com/stadium_pictures/asia/india/siliguri_kanchenjunga.shtml . live .
    153. Web site: Kunchenjunga stadium-about. www.mellenniumpost.in. 1 May 2019. 27 February 2019. 1 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190501102605/http://www.millenniumpost.in/kolkata/kanchenjunga-stadium-set-to-get-a-facelift-342689. live.
    154. Web site: Kunchenjunga stadium all set to get facelift. www.kolkata24×7.com. 1 May 2019. 28 February 2019. 1 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190501112200/https://english.kolkata24x7.com/kanchenjunga-stadium-set-to-get-major-makeover.html/. live.
    155. Web site: Clinical Mizoram clinch 68th Santosh Trophy in style. Samay Live. 10 March 2014. 1 May 2019. 10 March 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140310093905/http://www.saharasamay.com/sports-news/676549354/clinical-mizoram-clinch-68th-santosh-trophy-in-style.html. live.
    156. Web site: Second division league venues finalized. The All India Football Federation. 1 May 2019. 26 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180926131101/https://www.the-aiff.com/news-center-details.htm?id=6248. live.
    157. Web site: SAFF Women's Championship To Be Held in Siliguri. goalie365.com. 11 November 2016. 1 May 2019. 16 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180916022705/http://goalie365.com/show_details.php?article_id=774. live.
    158. Web site: Third I-League matches supposed to held in Siliguri. www.telegraphindia.com. 1 May 2019. 8 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230408051042/https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/siliguri-prepares-for-big-battle/cid/1324566. live.
    159. Web site: National table tennis championships 2017 results. 1 May 2019. 1 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190501100119/http://ttfi.org/cmspages/results/Result%2520-%25202017. live.
    160. Web site: National table tennis championships. 1 May 2019. 8 April 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230408051043/https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/tournament-in-paddlers-hub-siliguri/cid/1524036. live.
    161. Web site: Sports festival, Siliguri. 1 May 2019. 1 May 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190501103623/https://siliguritimes.com/sports-festival-begins-indoor-stadium-siliguri/. live.
    162. Web site: Mountain Railways of India. 29 April 2019. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 3 May 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060503143242/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/944/. live.
    163. Web site: History of DHR. 29 April 2019. darjeelingnews.net. Darjeelingnews. 13 December 2003. https://web.archive.org/web/20031213231046/http://darjeelingnews.net/darjeeling_himalayan_railway.html. live.
    164. Web site: Coronation bridge facts. 30 April 2019. www.wbtourismgov.in. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430122553/https://wbtourismgov.in/destination/place/siliguri. live.
    165. Web site: Coronation Bridge. https://web.archive.org/web/20110629124159/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1040805/asp/siliguri/story_3584709.asp. dead. 29 June 2011. 29 April 2019. www.telegraphindia.com.
    166. Web site: Gajoldoba view point-Mega tourism hub. 29 April 2019. www.north-bengal.com. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430100116/http://www.north-bengal.com/gajaldoba-dooars.html. live.
    167. Web site: Bengal safari park. 29 April 2019. 29 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180929002332/http://shiliguri.com/bengal-safari-park. live.
    168. Web site: North Bengal wild animals park. 29 April 2019. www.northbengalwildanimalspark.in. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430100119/https://www.northbengalwildanimalspark.in/. live.
    169. http://www.westbengalforest.gov.in/ WBFD
    170. Web site: Salugara monastery. 30 April 2019. www.wbtourismgov.in. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430124020/https://wbtourismgov.in/destination/details/siliguri. live.
    171. Web site: Salugara monastery. 29 April 2019. www.tribuneindia.com.
    172. Web site: Sed gyued monastery. 29 April 2019. www.sed-gyued.org. 9 January 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190109082500/http://www.sed-gyued.org/. live.
    173. Web site: Ewam India Buddhist monastery. 29 April 2019. www.ewam.org. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430100141/https://www.ewam.org/centers. live.
    174. Web site: ISCON Siliguri. 29 April 2019. centres.iscondesiretree.com. 4 June 2011. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430011001/http://centers.iskcondesiretree.com/siliguri/. live.
    175. Web site: Sevoke kali mandir. 30 April 2019. www.wbtourismgov.in. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430124020/https://wbtourismgov.in/destination/details/siliguri. live.
    176. Web site: Savin kingdom water park attractions. 30 April 2019. www.wbtourismgov.in. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430124020/https://wbtourismgov.in/destination/details/siliguri. live.
    177. Web site: Savin kingdom Siliguri. 29 April 2019. savinkingdom.com. 7 July 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190707090715/http://www.savinkingdom.com/retreat. live.
    178. Web site: North Bengal science centre attractions. 30 April 2019. www.wbtourismgov.in. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430122553/https://wbtourismgov.in/destination/place/siliguri. live.
    179. Web site: North Bengal science centre. 29 April 2019. nbscsiliguri.org. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430140400/https://nbscsiliguri.org/about-us.html. live.
    180. Web site: About Hong Kong market. 30 April 2019. www.wbtourismgov.in. 30 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430122553/https://wbtourismgov.in/destination/place/siliguri. live.
    181. News: Sanil, Ankita are National champs. The Hindu. 13 January 2014. 1 May 2019. Keerthivasan. K.. 22 June 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140622164517/http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/sanil-ankita-are-national-champs/article5571879.ece. live.
    182. Web site: Ankita Das and Soumyajit Ghosh are the youngest Indian players to qualify for the 2012 London Olympics. www.tribuneindia.com. 20 May 2019. 4 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063804/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120513/spectrum/main6.htm. live.
    183. News: Soumyajit Ghosh becomes youngest national table tennis champ. The Times of India. 12 January 2013. 20 May 2019. 17 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151017205341/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/others/Soumyajit-Ghosh-becomes-youngest-national-table-tennis-champ/articleshow/17996714.cms. live.
    184. Web site: Man pulls train with hair in world record attempt. https://web.archive.org/web/20120920112925/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/9553076/Man-pulls-train-with-hair-in-world-record-attempt.html. dead. 20 September 2012. The Daily Telegraph. 19 September 2012. 21 May 2019.
    185. Web site: Man uses his hair to pull Darjeeling Himalayan train. indiatvnews.com. 20 October 2016. 21 May 2019. 23 January 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210123223627/https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/man-uses-his-hair-to-pull-darjeeling-himalayan-train--17741.html. live.
    186. Web site: Table Tennis Team - Women Melbourne 2006 . thecgf.com . 1 May 2019 . 24 April 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180424202644/https://thecgf.com/results/team/6241 . dead .

    This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Siliguri".

    Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.