Sheikhupura Explained

Sheikhupura
Settlement Type:City
Pushpin Map:Punjab Pakistan#Pakistan
Pushpin Label Position:left
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Type1:Province
Subdivision Name1: Punjab
Subdivision Type2:Division
Subdivision Name2:Lahore
Subdivision Type3:District
Subdivision Name3:Sheikhupura
Area Total Km2:75
Total Type:City
Area Metro Km2:3030
Elevation M:236
Population Total:473,129
Population As Of:2017
Population Footnotes:[1]
Population Density Km2:auto
Population Rank:16th, Pakistan
Timezone1:PST
Utc Offset1:+5
Postal Code Type:Postal code
Postal Code:39350
Area Code:056
Area Code Type:Calling code
Blank Name Sec2:Union council number
Blank Info Sec2:51
Founder:Jahangir

Sheikhupura (Punjabi and Urdu: {{Nastaliq|شیخوپورہ) also known as Qila Sheikhupura, is a city and district in the Pakistani province of Punjab. Founded by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir in 1607, Sheikhupura is the 16th largest city of Pakistan by population[2] [3] and is the headquarters of Sheikhupura District. The city is an industrial centre and satellite town, and is located about 38 km northwest of Lahore.[4] It also borders Sialkot, Gujranwala, Nankana Sahib and Kasur districts of Punjab, Pakistan.

Etymology

The region around Sheikhupura was previously known as Village Sheikhupura, or "Pind Sheikhupura", in reference of the Kachari, Nabi-pura and Behari colony & Jahangir-pura is Qila and old city that inhabited the area. In Singh Kingdom Raja Ranjeet Singh, Sheikhupura city is part of Gujranwala Dist. In Akbar's Kingdom, Sheikhupura city was a part of Forest Near Lahore city. The city, founded in 1607, was named by Mughal Emperor Jehangir himself - the city's first name is recorded in the Emperor's autobiography, the Tuzk-e-Jahangiri, in which he refers to the town as Jehangir pura.[5] The city then came to be known by its current name, which derives from Jehangir's nickname Shekhu that was given to him by his mother, wife of Akbar the Great.[6]

History

Mughal

Mughal Emperor Jahangir laid the foundations of Sheikhupura in 1607 near the older town of Jandiala Sher Khan, an important provincial town during the early to middle Mughal era.[7] He also erected the nearby Hiran Minar, Sheikhpura's most renowned site, between 1607 and 1620 as a monument to his beloved pet deer, Mansiraj, at a time when the area served as a royal hunting ground for the Mughal Emperor.[8] Jehangir laid the foundation of the Sheikhupura Fort in 1607, which is situated in the city's centre.

British

During British colonial rule, the area was under the rule of Raja Dhayan Singh[9] and during establishment of British colonial rule, Bhatti possessions that had been seized by the Sikhs were restored.[10] The large area between the Chenab and Ravi rivers were initially consolidated into a single district with Sheikhupura serving as its first headquarters, until 1851. The area around Sheikhupura attained District status in 1919, with M.M.L. Karry serving as its first administrator.[11]

Partition

On the eve of the Partition of British India, Sikhs made up 19% of the district's population. Despite the area's Muslim majority, Sikhs had hoped that the boundary commission would award the area to India, given the proximity of Sheikhupura to the city of Nankana Sahib - revered as the birthplace of the founder of Sikhism, Guru Nanak.[12] The city was spared the large-scale rioting that engulfed Lahore earlier in 1947, and the city's Sikh population did not shift to India before the Radcliffe Line that demarcated the border of the newly independent states of Pakistan and India was announced.

The Sikh population had not made arrangements to leave and remained trapped in the city until 31 August 1947. The city's Sacha Sauda refugee camp hosted upwards of 100,000 Sikh refugees who had come to the city after fleeing nearby Gujranwala and other surrounding areas earlier that year. Fierce violence erupted in the city, and an estimated 10,000 people were killed in Sheikhupura between 16 August and 31 August in communal rioting between Sikhs and Muslims.

Education

The overall literacy rate of Sheikhupura is 43.6% which is increasing day by day.[13] Following are some of the notable educational institutes of the city:

Uzair Phoosi Institute of Landa

Demographics

According to the 1998 Pakistan Census, the population of Sheikhupura city was recorded as 280,263. As per 2017 Census of Pakistan, the population of city was recorded as 473,129 with an increase of 68.82% in just 19 years.[15]

Industrial areas

Quaid-e-Azam Business Park Sheikhupura and Rachna Industrial Park are two industrial areas under development in Sheikhupura.[16] [17] The former industrial area is declared a special economic zone by the government of Pakistan.

Notable people

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Pakistan: Provinces and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information. www.citypopulation.de.
  2. Web site: Pakistan City & Town Population List. 29 September 2017. Tageo.com website.
  3. Web site: Archived copy . www.pbs.gov.pk . 14 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150428141836/http://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files//tables/POPULATION%20SIZE%20AND%20GROWTH%20OF%20MAJOR%20CITIES.pdf . 28 April 2015 . dead.
  4. Web site: Kot Dayal Das Map - Pakistan Google Satellite Maps. www.maplandia.com.
  5. News: Sheikhupura's historical sites attractive for tourists. The Nation. 2018-01-21. en-US.
  6. http://www.dawn.com/weekly/herald/herald49.htm District Profile: Central Punjab- Sheikhupura
  7. Web site: Asian Historical Architecture: A Photographic Survey. orientalarchitecture.com. www.orientalarchitecture.com. 2018-01-21.
  8. Book: Islamic Gardens and Landscapes. Ruggles. D. Fairchild . D. Fairchild Ruggles . 2011. University of Pennsylvania. 9780812207286.
  9. Book: Smiles, Samuel . Personalities: A Comprehensive and Authentic Biographical Dictionary of Men . 1950 . Arunum & Sheel . 978-93-5704-660-2 . 11.
  10. Web site: Sheikupura City Profile. Urban Unit. Government of Pakistan.
  11. Web site: COLONIAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE DISTRICT OF SHEIKHUPURA, 1849-1947. Ahmad. Iram.
  12. Book: Borders & Boundaries: Women in India's Partition. Menon. Ritu. Bhasin. Kamla. 1998. Rutgers University Press. 9780813525525. en.
  13. Web site: Colleges in Sheikhupura - Universities in Sheikhupura.
  14. Web site: Centre for Professional Studies . Cps.ucp.edu.pk . 2022-09-04.
  15. Web site: Pakistan: Provinces and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information. www.citypopulation.de.
  16. Web site: PIEDMC - Punjab Industrial Estate Development and Management Company.
  17. https://nip.com.pk/project-name-2/
  18. https://www.chandbagh.edu.pk/Foundation/Index.aspx#GeneralJilani Footnote: 'The Founder' (Chandbagh.edu.pk) accessed 14 September 2018.
  19. Web site: The Home of CricketArchive. cricketarchive.com.
  20. 'XII Corps (Pakistan)'

    *Gulraiz Amir Khan, Student leader, President NSF Tehsil Sheikupura. *Gulshan Bawra, Indian song writer

    See also

    External links