| Shahnshah Zakarian Շահնշահ Ա Զաքարյան | |
| Office: | Amirspasalar |
| Term End: | 1250 |
| Term Start: | 1212 |
| Office2: | Mandaturtukhutsesi |
| Term Start2: | 1223 |
| Term End2: | 1261 |
| Predecessor2: | Shalva Akhaltsikheli |
| Predecessor: | Zakare II Zakarian |
| Succeeded: | Zakare III Zakarian |
| Parents: | Zakare II Zakarian |
| Spouse: | Vaneni |
| Resting Place: | Kobayr monastery |
| Death Date: | 1261 |
| Birth Date: | 1197[1] |
Shahnshah Zakarian (Georgian: შანშე მხარგრძელი; Armenian: Շահնշահ Ա) was a member of the Armenian Zakarid dynasty, and a Court official of the Kingdom of Georgia, holding the office of amirspasalar (Commander-in-Chief) of the Georgian army. He was the son of Zakare II Zakarian, and the father of Zakare III Zakarian, who participated to the Siege of Baghdad in 1258.
He was born in 1197,[2] he was the son of Zakare II Zakarian. He was 5 years old when his father died and was raised by his uncle Atabeg Ivane, who converted him to the Chalcedonian faith.
His baptismal name was Sargis, then Ani's title Shahnshah (Shahanshah) became his name (both Ani and this title were inherited from his father).
Shahnshah Zakarian, while Governor of Ani, was active in the construction of monasteries and church. The Church of Saint Elia, Kizkale in Ani, was dedicated in his name 1212-1213.[3] The church of St Gregory of Tigran Honents was dedicated by an Armenian merchant under his rule, in 1215.
Rubroek, envoy extraordinary of King Louis IX of France to the Khan of Mongol Empire, stayed in 1255 with Shahnshah on one of his Armenian estates. Rubroek characterizes Shahnshah as a great feudal lord and owner of 15 cities.[4]
During Mongol invasion of Georgia in 1238-39 Queen Rusudan had to evacuate Tbilisi for Kutaisi, leaving eastern Georgia in the hands of atabeg Avag Zakarian, Shahnshah Zakarian, and Kakhetian lord, Egarslan Bakurtsikheli. The Mongol general Toghta was sent by Chaghatai to assault Avag's troops at the fortress of Kayan.[5] After some resistance, Avag surendered, and has to agree to pay tribute to the Mongols, and to provide let his troops join the Mongol army.[5] The combined troops went on to Ani, the Armenian capital defended by Shahnshah Zakarian, but the city was eventually captured and destroyed.[5] Following this disastrous campaign of 1238-1239, the Armenians and Georgians made peace with the Mongols and agreed to pay them tribute and supply their troops (Georgian–Mongolian treaty of 1239).[6]
In 1259-1260, Shahnshah Zakarian participated to the Mongold-led Siege of Mayyāfāriqīn, together with the Armenian Prince Prosh Khaghbakian and Avag.[7]
In 1261 Zakare, the son of Shahnshah, was executed by the Mongols, while Shahnshah was freed for a ransom.[8] [9] He also died in 1261, from grief due to the execution of his son,[10] he was buried in the Kobayr Monastery.[11]
He built the belltower and the mausoleum in the center of the monastery at Kobayr Monastery.[12]
His wife was called Vaneni.[12] Shahnshah's children's were: