Shaftoe Crags Settlement Explained

Shaftoe Crags Settlement
Map Type:Northumberland
Map Size:200
Coordinates:55.1356°N -1.9173°W
Gbgridref:NZ 054 824
Type:Defended settlement
Epochs:Iron Age
Romano-British
Designation1:Scheduled monument
Designation1 Number:1013757
Designation1 Date:17 March 1995

Shaftoe Crags Settlement is an archaeological site in Northumberland, England, about 8miles west of Morpeth. The site at Shaftoe Crags, with remains dating from the Iron Age and Romano-British periods, is a scheduled monument.

Background

In Cumbria and Northumberland, native settlements regarded as dating from the Roman period have been found: such a site typically has one or more stone roundhouses at the back of an enclosure, opposite a single entrance, with small enclosed yards within the enclosure.

An earlier type of defended settlement began to be constructed during the 7th to 5th centuries BC, in the northern uplands of what is now England, sometimes located on hilltops. Within the enclosure there would be a number of stone or timber roundhouses for the inhabitants, probably a single family group, and perhaps space to keep livestock in winter.

Description

There is a curving rampart of stone and earth, about wide and up to high, running south-east from Salters Nick. It forms, with natural defences of crags to the south, west and north, an enclosure of irregular shape, about north-east to south-west and north-west to south-east. This is a native defended settlement of the Roman period. Inside the enclosure are the remains of three or more stone roundhouses, diameter about .

There are indications of an enclosing rampart of an earlier Iron Age settlement, within which the Romano-British settlement was built. Any roundhouses from this period are obscured by the later buildings.

Archaeological sites nearby