Serdar Berdimuhamedow Explained

Honorific Prefix:His Excellency
Serdar Berdimuhamedow
Office:3rd President of Turkmenistan
Vicepresident:Raşit Meredow
Term Start:19 March 2022
Predecessor:Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
Office1:Governor of Ahal
Term Start1:17 June 2019
Term End1:7 February 2020
Predecessor1:Tangahuly Atakhallyev
Successor1:Ýazmuhammet Gurbanowa
Office2:Member of the Assembly of Turkmenistan
Term Start2:23 November 2016
Term End2:2 January 2019
Constituency2:25th district
Birth Name:Serdar Gurbangulyýewiç Berdimuhamedow
Birth Date:22 September 1981
Birth Place:Ashgabat, Turkmen SSR, Soviet Union
Party:TDP
Children:4
Allegiance: Turkmenistan
Serviceyears:2001–2003
Rank:Army general
Father:Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
Mother:Ogulgerek Berdimuhamedowa

Serdar Gurbangulyýewiç Berdimuhamedow (in Turkmen pronounced as /θɛɾˈdɑɾ ɢʊɾbɑnʁʊˈlɯjɛβɪtʃ bɛɾdɯmʊxɑmɛˈdoβ/; born 22 September 1981) is a Turkmen politician serving as the third and current president of Turkmenistan since 19 March 2022. Berdimuhamedow had previously served in several other positions within the government of his father, Gurbanguly, the long-standing authoritarian ruler of Turkmenistan. The father and son entered into a power-sharing arrangement in 2022 whereby they jointly rule an authoritarian system of government in Turkmenistan.[1] [2]

In 2021, he became one of several deputy chairmen in the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan. The next year, he won 73 percent of the vote in the country's presidential election, considered to be neither free nor fair,[3] succeeding his father's 15-year-long totalitarian tenure as president and making Turkmenistan the first modern country in Central Asia to be ruled by a dynastic system.

Early career and education

Serdar Berdimuhamedow was born on 22 September 1981 in Ashgabat, Soviet Union.[4] He studied at Secondary School No. 43 in Ashgabat from 1987 to 1997. Between 1997 and 2001, he studied at the Turkmen Agricultural University, graduating as an engineer-technologist.[5]

From July to November 2001, he worked in the Directorate for Foreign Economic Relations of the Food Processing Association, followed by two years of mandatory military service. From 2003 to 2008, he worked again at the Food Processing Association in the fruit and vegetable department and in the non-alcoholic beer and wine department.

Between 2008 and 2011, Berdimuhamedow studied at the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, earning a diploma in international relations. During this period he was also assigned to the Turkmen Embassy in Moscow as counselor of embassy. From 2011 to 2013, he studied at the Geneva Centre for Security Policy, earning a post-graduate degree in European and international security affairs. He was concurrently assigned to the Turkmen Mission to the United Nations in Geneva as a counselor of embassy.[6]

From August to December 2013, he served as head of the European Department of the Turkmen Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From 2013 to 2016 he was deputy director of the State Agency for Management and Use of Hydrocarbon Resources. From 2016 to 2017 he was chairman of the Department of International Information of the Turkmen Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

On 18 August 2014, Serdar Berdimuhamedow defended a dissertation at the Turkmen Academy of Sciences to earn the degree of candidate of science.[7] In July 2015, he was awarded a doctorate in technical sciences.

He was often styled as "the son of the nation" by state media in Turkmenistan.[8]

Military service

Serdar served two years of mandatory military service from 2001 to 2003. On 27 October 2017, he was promoted from the rank of major to lieutenant colonel. His promotion ceremony was broadcast on national television. His branch of service is unknown, but on 7 March 2021, he was shown on national television in uniform wearing the shoulder patch of the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan. The same video showed him wearing shoulder boards indicating the rank of colonel, and the decree awarding him the honorary title of "Defender of Homeland Turkmenistan" referred to him as a colonel.[9] On 26 January 2023 the Mejlis of Turkmenistan adopted a resolution promoting Serdar Berdimuhamedov in his role as "supreme commander-in-chief of armed forces" to the rank of general of the army.[10]

Political career

In November 2016, Berdimuhamedow won a seat in the Mejlis representing the 25th parliamentary district centered on Dushak, a town in Ahal Province.[11] [12] In March 2018, he was re-elected to the Assembly of Turkmenistan with over 90% of the votes cast in his district.[13] [14] He chaired the committee on legislation and norms as of March 2017.

Berdimuhamedow rose to the political spotlight following his appointment as deputy minister of foreign affairs in March 2018.[15] [16] [17] [18] In January 2019, Berdimuhamedow was shifted to the position of deputy governor of Ahal Province, the native region of most of the Turkmen elite.[19] [20] In June 2019, Berdimuhamedow was elevated to governor (häkim) of Ahal Province.[21] [22] [23] [24] In February 2020, Berdimuhamedow was appointed minister of industry and construction materials of Turkmenistan.[25] [26] [27] [28] On 11 February 2021, Berdimuhamedow was promoted to deputy chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers for innovation and digitization, a new position. He was simultaneously appointed to the State Security Council and chairman of the Supreme Control Chamber of Turkmenistan.[29] [30] [31] [32] On 9 July 2021, Berdimuhamedow was relieved of his positions on the State Security Council and Supreme Control Chamber, and as deputy chairman was assigned the economics and finance portfolio with specific responsibility for "economic and banking issues and international financial organizations".[33] [34] [35]

He is chairperson of the Turkmen Alabay Dog Association,[36] and president of the International Ahal Teke Horse Breeding Association.[37]

Presidency (2022–present)

Election

It was confirmed in February 2022 that Berdimuhamedow was running for an early presidential election on 12 March, fuelling speculation that he would be the successor to his father as President of Turkmenistan.[38] He won the election with 72.97% of the vote, and became his father's successor as president, establishing a political dynasty.[39] The election was seen by many international observers as neither free nor fair.[40]

Inauguration

Serdar was inaugurated on 19 March at the Ruhyýet Palace.[41] [42] He took the oath to the people on the Constitution of Turkmenistan and the Quran. He was then presented the presidential badge of office by Turkmen elders. From the palace, Berdimuhamedow, accompanied by a mounted escort, drove to Galkynysh Square and then to the Oguzhan Presidential Palace Complex where the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan performed a military parade.[43] Deputy Prime Minister and Secretary of the State Security Council of Turkmenistan Çarymyrat Amanow reported to Berdimuhamedow. Later that day an official reception was given at the Audience Center of Turkmenistan. A festive Sadaqah was also given at the Hazret Omar Mosque.[44]

Government policies

On 25 March, he presented his cabinet, basically confirming his father's ministers in their posts. The only new government member was Muhammetguly Muhammedow, who replaced him as Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers for Economics and Finance.[45] [46] According to some, he intends to replace Foreign Minister Vice President of Turkmenistan Raşit Meredow with Esen Aydogdyev, rector of the International University of Humanities and Development.[47]

Foreign policy

See also: List of international presidential trips made by Serdar Berdimuhamedow.

List of foreign visits by Serdar Berdimuhamedow
City and CountryDatesHostNotes
Mecca and Medina, Saudi Arabia1–2 June 2022Governor Khalid bin Faisal Al SaudPrivate visit[48]
Moscow, Russia10 June 2022President Vladimir PutinState visit[49]
Tehran, Iran15 June 2022President Ebrahim RaisiState visit[50]
Tashkent and Khorazm Vilayat, Uzbekistan14–15 July 2022President Shavkat MirziyoyevState visit[51]
Cholpon-Ata, Kyrgyzstan21 July 2022President Sadyr JaparovWorking visit[52]
Samarkand, Uzbekistan15 September 2022President Shavkat MirziyoyevWorking visit[53]
Astana, Kazakhstan14–15 October 2022President Kassym-Jomart TokayevState visit[54]
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates21–22 November 2022President Mohamed bin Zayed Al NahyanState visit[55]
Saint Petersburg, Russia26–27 December 2022President Vladimir PutinWorking visit
Beijing, China5–6 January 2023President Xi JinpingState visit[56]
Baku, Azerbaijan 2 March 2023President Ilham AliyevWorking visit[57]
Doha, Qatar19–20 March 2023Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al ThaniState visit[58]
London, United Kingdom 6 May 2023King Charles IIIAttended the Coronation of Charles III and Camilla[59]
Moscow, Russia9 May 2023President Vladimir PutinAttended the 2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade[60]
Dushanbe, Tajikistan 10–11 May 2023President Emomali RahmonState visit;[61] [62] was postponed exactly a month due to death of Berdimuhamedow's grandmother.[63] He also visited the Varzob District.[64]
Beijing, China17 May 2023President Xi JinpingWorking visit
Ankara, Turkey3 June 2023President Recep Tayyip ErdoğanThird inauguration of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
New York City, United States17–20 September 2023-United Nations General Assembly
On the first day of his presidency, Berdimuhamedow accepted the credentials of Fazal Muhammad Sabir, making Turkmenistan the first country in Central Asia to accept the diplomats of the Taliban government of Afghanistan.[65] Former Indian President Ram Nath Kovind made a state visit to Turkmenistan on 1–4 April, marking the first visit of the President of India to Turkmenistan, and the first foreign head of state to be received by Berdimuhamedow. The two leaders discussed expanding trade and energy cooperation.[66] President Berdimuhamedow made his first foreign visit, to Saudi Arabia, on 1–2 June.[67] Later that month, he made visits to Russia and Iran, on the visit to the latter he used the first Aurus Senat limousine purchased by the Turkmen government.[68]

National security policy

During a State Security Council meeting in early April, he also removed Colonel General Çarymyrat Amanow from the post of Secretary of the State Security Council of Turkmenistan in favor of the head of the Defense Ministry, Begench Gundogdyev, due to Amanow's "transfer to another job." He also abolished Amanow's concurrent office of Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet responsible for Security, Military, and Justice. He also replaced the Minister of Internal Affairs, Colonel Öwezdurdy Hojanyýazow, with Colonel Muhammet Hydyrow, due to "shortcomings" and "improper control over public order, traffic safety as well as activity of local representatives of the police."[69]

Awards

Decorations

Foreign awards

Honorary titles

Personal life

Berdimuhamedow is married and has four children. A classmate at the Russian Diplomatic Academy described him as even-tempered and unassuming.[75] Instructors and other classmates reportedly described him as "modest, responsive, polite, and calm."[76]

Berdimuhamedow speaks Turkmen, Russian and, unlike his predecessors, English.[77] [78] [79]

On 30 May 2022, Berdimuhamedow's mother, Ogulgerek Berdimuhamedowa, was awarded the title of Honored Carpet Weaver of Turkmenistan for her many years at the carpet factory in the city of Gökdepe.[80] On 1–2 June 2022, Berdimuhamedow undertook his first foreign visit to Saudi Arabia, where he and his son performed Umrah.[81]

On 21 January 2023, Serdar Berdimuhamedov signed the constitutional law "On the National Leader of the Turkmen people", which provided his father Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow and his family members with legal immunity and a number of other benefits.[82]

References

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Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2023-01-22 . Turkmenistan's president expands his father's power . AP News . en.
  2. Web site: 2023 . Like Father, Like Son: Why Turkmenistan's Power Transition Is In Reverse . Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
  3. News: As Expected, Son Of Turkmen Leader Easily Wins Election In Familial Transfer Of Power . 2022-03-15 . RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty . en . 22 March 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220322024350/https://www.rferl.org/a/turkmenistan-serdar-berdymukhammedov-presidency/31753690.html . live .
  4. News: Сердар Бердымухамедов: Все известные факты биографии в одном месте . 17 February 2022 . ru . Turkmen.News . 18 February 2022 . 15 March 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220315170700/https://turkmen.news/serdar-full-bio/ . live .
  5. Web site: Газета НТ опубликовала биографию кандидата в депутаты Меджлиса Сердара Бердымухамедова. Russian. 14 March 2018. Хроника Туркменистана. 25 June 2020. 18 May 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200518221420/https://www.hronikatm.com/2018/03/gazeta-nt-opublikovala-biografiyu-kandidata-v-deputatyi-medzhlisa-serdara-berdyimuhamedova/. live.
  6. Web site: Сердар Бердымухамедов получил пост заместителя хякима Ахалского велаята. 3 January 2019. Russian. SNG.TODAY. 25 June 2020. 27 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200627070838/https://sng.today/ashkhabad/8742-serdar-berdymuhamedov-poluchil-post-zamestitelja-hjakima-ahalskogo-velajata.html. live.
  7. Web site: Младший Бердымухамедов стал кандидатом наук. 20 October 2014. Russian. Хроника Туркменистана. 25 June 2020. 25 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200625094341/https://www.hronikatm.com/2014/10/mladshiy-berdyimuhamedov-stal-kandidatom-nauk/. live.
  8. Web site: Putz . Catherine . Son of Turkmenistan's President Gets New Post . thediplomat.com . The Diplomat . 13 February 2021 . 12 February 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210212182002/https://thediplomat.com/2021/02/son-of-turkmenistans-president-gets-new-post/ . live .
  9. News: Watan habarlary 07.03.2021. 7 March 2021. Turkmen. Watan Habarlary. 8 March 2021. 27 September 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210927033737/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-G3PIrpRlk. live. See video at 7:32.
  10. Web site: tk. Serdar Berdimuhamedowa Goşun generaly harby ady dakyldy. turkmenportal.com. 2023-01-26. 27 January 2023. 27 January 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230127033156/https://turkmenportal.com/tm/blog/57172/parlament-turkmenistana-prisvoil-serdaru-berdymuhamedovu-voinskoe-zvanie-general-armii. live.
  11. News: Turkmenistan President's Son Takes Post As Parliamentary Deputy. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 23 November 2016 . 3 June 2018. 3 October 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181003220823/https://www.rferl.org/a/turkmenistan-berdymukhammedov-son--parliamentary-deputy/28134920.html. live.
  12. Web site: Сын президента Бердымухамедова снова баллотируется в парламент. 11 March 2018. Russian. RFE/RL, Inc.. 25 June 2020. 27 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200627064309/https://rus.azathabar.com/a/29089994.html. live.
  13. Web site: AKIpress News Agency. m.akipress.com. 3 June 2018. 27 September 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210927033736/https://m.akipress.com/news%3A604303/%26. live.
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  15. Web site: Сердар Бердымухамедов назначен заместителем министра иностранных дел Туркменистана. Russian. 31 March 2018. Электронная газета "Золотой век". 25 June 2020. 7 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200807092138/http://turkmenistan.gov.tm/?id=15970. live.
  16. News: Authoritarian Turkmen Leader's Son Rises in Foreign Ministry. Associated Press. VOA News. 3 June 2018. 1 April 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180401171415/https://www.voanews.com/a/authoritarian-turkmen-leader-son-rises-in-foreign-ministry/4325623.html. live.
  17. News: Turkmen President Appoints Son Deputy Foreign Minister. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 31 March 2018 . 3 June 2018. 3 June 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180603104724/https://www.rferl.org/a/turkmenistan-berdymukhammedov-appoints-son-deputy-foreign-minister/29136916.html. live.
  18. News: Turkmenistan: President's Son Gets Foreign Ministry Job. Eurasianet. en. 1 April 2019. 1 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190401203300/https://eurasianet.org/turkmenistan-presidents-son-gets-foreign-ministry-job. live.
  19. News: Turkmenistan: President's son and presumed heir gets new top job. Eurasianet. en. 1 April 2019. 1 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190401202841/https://eurasianet.org/turkmenistan-presidents-son-and-presumed-heir-gets-new-top-job. live.
  20. News: Turkmen President Hands Son Regional Deputy Governor's Post . Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty . 3 January 2019 . 11 January 2019 . 11 January 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190111051005/https://www.rferl.org/a/turkmen-president-hands-son-regional-deputy-governor-s-post/29689585.html . live .
  21. Web site: Президент Туркменистана назначил сына губернатором провинции. https://web.archive.org/web/20200626131227/https://ru.reuters.com/article/topNews/idRUKCN1TJ0J9-ORUTP. dead. 26 June 2020. 18 June 2019. Russian. Reuters.
  22. Web site: По имени Вождь: Сын президента Туркменистана дорос до губернатора. 21 June 2019. fergana.agency. Татьяна. Зверинцева. Russian. 25 June 2020. 27 September 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210927033735/https://fergana.news/articles/108381/. live.
  23. News: Президент Туркмении назначил сына губернатором региона. Радио Свобода . 18 June 2019. Russian. RFE/RL, Inc.. 25 June 2020. 28 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200628053218/https://www.svoboda.org/a/30005267.html. live.
  24. Web site: Сердар Бердымухамедов назначен хякимом Ахалского велаята. Russian. 17 June 2019. Электронная газета "Золотой век". 25 June 2020. 28 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200628035235/http://turkmenistan.gov.tm/?id=18982. live.
  25. Web site: Turkmenistan president's son appointed minister . seattletimes.com . 8 February 2020 . Seattle Times . 22 January 2021 . 29 October 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201029030654/https://www.seattletimes.com/business/turkmenistan-presidents-son-appointed-minister/ . live .
  26. Web site: Turkmenistan President's Son Appointed Minister. 13 February 2020. DIPLOMAT MEDIA INC.. Catherine. Putz. English. 25 June 2020. 22 September 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200922235954/https://thediplomat.com/2020/02/turkmenistan-presidents-son-appointed-minister/. live.
  27. Web site: Serdar Berdimuhamedov appointed Minister of Industry and Construction of Turkmenistan. Turkmenistan.ru. English. 8 February 2020. 25 June 2020. 27 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200627205253/http://www.turkmenistan.ru/en/articles/18682.html. live.
  28. Web site: Сердар Бердымухамедов назначен министром промышленности и строительного производства Туркменистана. Russian. 7 February 2020. Электронная газета "Золотой век". 25 June 2020. 26 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200626122501/http://www.turkmenistan.gov.tm/?id=20407. live.
  29. News: Указ Президента Туркменистана о Бердимухамедове С.Г.. Нейтральный Туркменистан. 12 February 2021.
  30. News: Türkmenistanyň Ministrler Kabinetiniň we Döwlet howpsuzlyk geňeşiniň bilelikdäki giňişleýin mejlisi. 12 February 2021. Turkmen. Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gümrük Gullugy. 15 February 2021. 2 May 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210502171913/https://customs.gov.tm/tk/news/1920. live.
  31. News: Türkmenistanyň Ministrler Kabinetiniň we Döwlet howpsuzlyk geňeşiniň bilelikdäki giňişleýin mejlisi. 11 February 2021. Turkmen. "Türkmenistan: Altyn asyr". 15 February 2021. 26 February 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210226154259/https://turkmenistan.gov.tm/tk/habar/52355/turkmenistanyn-ministrler-kabinetinin-we-dowlet-howpsuzlyk-genesinin-bilelikdaki-ginisleyin-mejlisi. live.
  32. News: Serdar Gurbangulyýewiç BERDIMUHAMEDOW. 19 February 2021. Turkmen. Edebiýat we Sungat. 7 March 2021. 27 September 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210927033744/https://metbugat.gov.tm/newspaper/download?id=5443. live.
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  36. Web site: В Туркменистане создаётся современная инфраструктура по сохранению и развитию породных качеств алабая. Russian. 7 May 2020. Электронная газета "Золотой век". 25 June 2020. 25 June 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200625074048/http://turkmenistan.gov.tm/?id=20897. live.
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  38. Web site: Putz . Catherine . Turkmenistan Set for Dynastic Succession: Early Election March 12, President's Son Running . thediplomat.com . . en . 15 February 2022 . live . 14 February 2022 . 14 February 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220214232126/https://thediplomat.com/2022/02/turkmenistan-set-for-dynastic-succession-early-election-march-12-presidents-son-running/ .
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  40. Web site: Welle (www.dw.com) . Deutsche . Turkmenistan: Autocrat president's son claims landslide win DW 15.03.2022 . 2022-03-27 . Deutsche Welle . en-GB . 15 March 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220315110959/https://www.dw.com/en/turkmenistan-autocrat-presidents-son-claims-landslide-win/a-61128199 . live .
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