Serb diaspora explained

Serb diaspora (sr|Српска дијаспора/Srpska dijaspora) refers to the diaspora communities of ethnic Serbs. It is not to be confused with the Serbian diaspora, which refers to migrants, regardless of ethnicity, from Serbia. Due to generalization in censuses outside former Yugoslavia to exclude ethnicity, the total number of the Serb diaspora population cannot be known by certainty. It is estimated that 2–3 million Serbs live outside former Yugoslavia.

Migrational waves

There were several waves of Serb emigration:

• First wave took place since the end of 19th century and lasted until World War II and was caused by economic reasons; particularly large numbers of Serbs (mainly from peripheral ethnic areas such as Herzegovina, Montenegro, Dalmatia, and Lika) emigrated to the United States.^[1]
• Second wave took place after the end of the World War II. At this time, members of royalist Chetniks and other political opponents of communist regime fled the country mainly going overseas (United States and Australia) and, to a lesser degree, United Kingdom.^[2]
• Third, and by far the largest wave, was economic emigration started in the 1960s when several Western European countries signed bilateral agreements with Yugoslavia allowing the recruitment of industrial workers to those countries, and lasted until the end of the 1980s. Main destinations were West Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, and to a lesser extent France and Sweden. That generation of diaspora is collectively known as gastarbajteri, after German gastarbeiter, "guest-worker", since most of the emigrants headed for German-speaking countries.
• Most recent emigration took place during the 1990s, and was caused by both political and economic reasons. The Yugoslav wars caused many Serbs from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina to leave their countries in the first half of the 1990s. The international economic sanctions imposed on Serbia caused economic collapse with an estimated 300,000 people leaving Serbia during that period, 20% of which had a higher education.^{[3] [4]}

Serb diaspora by states

Country ! scope="col"

Estimation	Official data	Notes
Germany	(2014 government est.); older estimations: (2009,^[5] 2012^[6]); (January 2012)	209,825 (Serbian nationals, 2023)^[7]	See also Serbs in Germany.
Austria	(2008,^[8] 2010,^[9] January 2012)	121,916 (Serbian nationals, 2023); 144,276 (Serbian-born, 2023)^[10]	See also Serbs in Austria.
United States	(January 2012)	(2013)^[11]	See also Serbs in the United States.
Switzerland	(2000);^[12] (January 2012)	61,933 (Serbian nationals, 2021); 67,206 (Serbian-born, 2021)	See also Serbs in Switzerland.
Sweden	(2011,^[13] January 2012); 120,000 (2015);^[14] and 140,000 (2011).^[15]	11,860 (Serbian nationals, 2023); 17,567 (Serbian-born, 2023)	See also Serbs in Sweden.
Canada	– (2008);^[16] (January 2012)	(2011)	See also Serbs in Canada.
France	(2018)^[17]	62,779 (Serbian nationals, 2018); 85,647 (Serbian-born, 2018)	See also Serbs in France.
United Kingdom	(2001, Serbian Embassy^[18]); (January 2012)	N/A	See also Serbs in the United Kingdom.
Italy	(January 2012)	30,835 (Serbian nationals, 2023); 40,868 (Serbian-born, 2018)	See also Serbs in Italy.
Australia	(January 2012)	104,549 (2016)	See also Serbs in Australia.
Benelux	(January 2012)	5,395 (Serbian nationals in Belgium, 2023); 3,329 (Serbian nationals in the Netherlands, 2023); 1,814 (Serbian nationals in Luxembourg, 2023) 11,613 (Serbian-born residents of the Netherlands, 2023); 2,560 (Serbian-born residents of Luxembourg, 2023)	See also Serbs in Luxembourg.
Argentina	(January 2012); (ancestry)^[19]	N/A	See also Serbs in South America
South Africa	(2012);^[20] (January 2012)	N/A	See also Serbs in South Africa
Romania	(January 2012)	(2011)^[21]	See also Serbs in Romania.
Greece	(January 2012)	N/A	See also Serbs in Greece.
Hungary	(January 2012)	(2011)^[22]	See also Serbs in Hungary.
Finland	(2004)^[23]	(Born in Serbia, 2018)^[24]
Spain	(January 2012)	N/A	See also Serbs in Spain.
	(January 2012)	(2015)^[25]	See also Serbs in Russia.
New Zealand	(January 2012)	(2013)^[26]	See also Serbs in New Zealand.
Chile	(January 2012)	N/A	See also Serbs in South America.
Brazil	(January 2012)	N/A	See also Serbs in South America.
Slovakia	(2014)	N/A	See also Serbs in Slovakia
	(January 2012)^[27]	N/A	See also Serbs in South America.
Portugal	(2013MoD est.) Serbian diaspora. ^[28]	(2021, foreigners only; for instance excludes 234 Luso-Serbs naturalised since 2008)^[29] ^[30]	See also Serbs in Portugal.
Mexico	(January 2012)	N/A
Zambia	24 families (May 2009)^[31]	N/A
Kazakhstan		213 (2016)

Notable people

The list include Serbs born abroad, people of full or partial Serbian descent and immigrants from Serbia or Serbian native communities who made significant career abroad.

Actors

• Sasha Alexander
• Milla Jovovich
• Stana Katic
• Karl Malden
• Bojana Novakovic
• Holly Valance
• Natasha Stankovic

Artists and designers

• Roksanda Ilincic

Beauty pageants and models

• Tijana Arnautović
• Myriam Klink
• Veruska Ljubisavljević
• Romina Mattar
• Monika Radulovic

Military people

• Pierre Marinovitch
• Mikhail Miloradovich
• Peter Tekeli
• Marko Ivanovich Voinovich
• Matija Zmajevic

Musicians

• Alex Lifeson
• Alexander Zonjic
• Luigi von Kunits
• Lene Lovich

Politicians

• Claudia Pavlovich Arellano
• Sokollu Mehmed Pasha
• Sava Vladislavich
• George Voinovich

Scientists

• Mileva Marić
• Mihajlo Pupin
• Miodrag Radulovacki
• Nikola Tesla

Sportspeople

• Jelena Dokic
• Milan Lucic
• Pete Maravich
• Kristina Mladenovic
• Milan Vučićević
• Daniel Nestor
• Andrea Petkovic
• Gregg Popovich
• Milos Raonic
• Alex Smith
• Velimir Stjepanović
• Danijel Šarić
• Milan Trajkovic
• James Trifunov
• Bill Vukovich
• Gisela Dulko
• Víctor Manuel Vucetich
• Luka Dončić

Writers

• Charles Simic
• Steve Tesich
• Dejan Tiago-Stanković
• Vladimir Voinovich

Other

• Nick Vujicic

See also

• Serbian diaspora
• Office for Cooperation with the Diaspora and Serbs in the Region

Sources

• Web site: Lopušina. M.. Svaki drugi Srbin živi izvan Srbije. May 2014. Novosti.

Notes and References

1. Web site: Пламени круг српске културе. Марковић. Предраг Ј.. Politika Online. 2019-10-02.
2. Web site: Пламени круг српске културе. Марковић. Предраг Ј.. Politika Online. 2019-10-02.
3. Web site: Serbia seeks to fill the '90s brain-drainage gap . EMG.rs . 5 September 2008 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120529021627/http://www.emg.rs/en/news/serbia/61642.html . May 29, 2012 .
4. Web site: Survey S&M 1/2003. https://archive.today/20130111073313/http://www.pregled-rs.com/article.php?pid=208&id=19625&lang=en. dead. 2013-01-11. Yugoslav Survey.
5. Web site: Srbi u Nemačkoj. 2009. Zentralrat der Serben in Deutschland. Samo u Nemačkoj živi oko 700.000 Srba, delom s nemačkim državljanstvom. U Nemačkoj se time koncentriše najveći broj srpskih doseljenika i njihovih potomaka novijeg vremena van Srbije.. 2015-03-25. https://web.archive.org/web/20151208050420/http://www.zentralrat-der-serben.de/index.php?SrbiuNj. 2015-12-08. dead.
6. Web site: Sloga gradi krovnu organizaciju Srba. Vesti. 2012-12-19. Dragana Bubulj, buduća doktorantkinja na Univerzitetu u Ludvigzburgu, iznela je zanimljive podatke o migratornom kretanju Srba i pozadinu fenomena "gastarbajter". Tako se čulo da ima 700.000 Srba u Nemačkoj.
7. Web site: Population on 1 January by age group, sex and citizenship. Eurostat. 2024-09-02.
8. News: Serben-Demo eskaliert in Wien. 2008. 20 Minuten Online.
9. News: Srbi u Austriji traže status nacionalne manjine. 2010-10-02. Blic. "Srba u Austriji ima oko 300.000, po brojnosti su drugi odmah iza Austrijanaca i više ih je od Slovenaca, Mađara i Gradištanskih Hrvata zajedno, koji po državnom ugovoru iz 1955. godine imaju status nacionalne manjine u Austriji", navodi se u saopštenju..
10. Web site: Population on 1 January by age group, sex and country of birth. Eurostat. 2024-09-02.
11. Web site: Total ancestry categories tallied for people with one or more ancestry categories reported – 2013 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates. United States Census Bureau. 31 May 2018. http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20151201015603/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_1YR_B04003&prodType=table. 1 December 2015. dead.
12. 2000. SAEZ. Jugoslawen in der Schweiz. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120322225231/http://www.saez.ch/pdf/2000/2000-47/2000-47-669.PDF. 2012-03-22 . Journal of Swiss Medicine . 81 . 47 . de.
13. News: Palić . Svetlana . Blic . 17 July 2011 . Četiri miliona Srba našlo uhlebljenje u inostranstvu . Švedskoj (110.000).
14. News: Sverige vill öppna Serbienförhandlingar. 2015-02-02. SvD. Swedish. Det bor cirka 120 000 serber i Sverige..
15. News: Ranko Pivljanin. Orlovi vladaju Švedskom. 2011-11-24. Blic.
16. Web site: Srbi u Kanadi. Srpska Dijaspora. 2008. Smatra se da bi realno moglo biti 100.000 do 125.000 Srba u Kanadi.. 2015-04-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402092326/http://www.srpskadijaspora.info/vest.asp?id=10475. 2015-04-02. dead.
17. Web site: Population par sexe, âge et nationalité en 2018. L'Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques. 30 June 2021. 18 October 2021.
18. Web site: So, just how many Serbs live in Britain? Britić figures defy census figures of 2001.. June 3, 2011. Ebritic.com.
19. 'Our' diaspora in Argentina: Historical overview and preliminary research. Glasnik Etnografskog Instituta. 61. 119–131. 10.2298/GEI1301119S. На територији Републике Аргентине данас живи око 30 000² људи српског и црногорског порекла, већим делом са простора данашње Црне Горе и Хрватске, а мањим делом из Србије и Босне и Херцеговине.. 2013. Stefanovic-Banovic. Milesa. Pantovic. Branislav. free.
20. News: Afrika i Srbija na vezi. Blic. 26 Dec 2012. Od oko 20 000 Srba.
21. Tab11. Populaţia stabilă după etnie şi limba maternă, pe categorii de localităţi. Rezultate Definitive_RPL_2011. 2011. Institutul Naţional de Statistică. 2014-04-17. 2017-06-10. https://web.archive.org/web/20170610134819/http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/sR_TAB_11.xls. dead.
22. Web site: Hungarian Census 2011. 2011. Központi Statisztikai Hivatal (KSH) . 2016-03-25.
23. Web site: IOM. Migration in Serbia: A Country Profile 2008. 2008. International Organisation for Migration. 24. 2023-09-30. 2016-05-31. https://web.archive.org/web/20160531074958/http://www.iom.hu/PDF/migration_profiles2008/Serbia_Profile2008.pdf. dead.
24. Web site: Väestö 31.12. Muuttujina Maakunta, Syntymävaltio, Ikä, Sukupuoli, Vuosi ja Tiedot.
25. 1. НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ СОСТАВ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ. 2010. . 2015-04-02.
26. Ethnic group. 2013 Census. Statistics New Zealand. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131213100306/http://www.stats.govt.nz/~/media/Statistics/Census/2013%20Census/data-tables/totals-by-topic/totals-by-topic-tables.xls. 2013-12-13.
27. Web site: Inmigrantes Serbios en America Latina. Serbios Unidos. 23 January 2017. Spanish. https://web.archive.org/web/20170104172206/http://serbiosunidos.com/latino-america/inmigrantes-serbios-en-america-latina/. 4 January 2017. dead.
28. Web site: Дијаспора може да промени Србију .
29. Web site: Sefstat .
30. Web site: Acquisition of citizenship statistics . 2023-05-28 . ec.europa.eu . en.
31. Web site: 29 May 2009. First pastoral visit to Serbs in Zambia. SPC. 12 May 2016. 16 January 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180116004811/http://www.spc.rs/eng/first_pastoral_visit_serbs_zambia. dead.