Korean National Railroad Mateo1 class (마더1) Korean State Railway Madŏha class (마더하) | |
| Powertype: | Steam |
| Builder: | Gyeongseong, Kisha Seizō |
| Builddate: | 1939–1945 |
| Totalproduction: | 50 |
| Whytetype: | 4-8-2 |
| Driverdiameter: | 14502NaN2 |
| Length: | 23837mm |
| Width: | 3200mm |
| Height: | 4700mm |
| Locoweight: | 116t |
| Tenderweight: | 85.8t |
| Fuelcap: | 14t |
| Watercap: | 35m2 |
| Tendercap: | 9.61NaN1 (coal), 24m2 (water) |
| Smalltubediameter: | 75 x 57mm |
| Largetubediameter: | 120 x 90mm |
| Boilerpressure: | 15kgf/cm2 |
| Firearea: | 6.2m2 |
| Tubearea: | 252.6m2 |
| Fireboxarea: | 27.4m2 |
| Totalsurface: | 280m2 |
| Superheaterarea: | 113.7m2 |
| Cylindercount: | 2 |
| Cylindersize: | 600x |
| Valvegear: | Walschaerts |
| Maxspeed: | 80km/h |
| Tractiveeffort: | 221kN |
| Operator: | Chosen Government Railway Korean National Railroad Korean State Railway |
| Operatorclass: | Sentetsu: マテイ KNR: 마터1 KSR: 마더하 |
| Numinclass: | Sentetsu: 50 |
| Fleetnumbers: | Sentetsu: マテイ1–マテイ50 |
| Deliverydate: | 1939–1945 |
The Matei class (マテイ) locomotives were a class of steam tender locomotives of the Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu) with 4-8-2 wheel arrangement.[1] The "Mate" name came from the American naming system for steam locomotives, under which locomotives with 4-8-2 wheel arrangement were called "Mountain".
With the development of mining operations in the northern part of Korea, traffic volumes increased significantly, and Sentetsu found a need for a locomotive with strong pulling power suitable for use on mountainous lines with sharp curves and steep slopes. The locomotive designed in response to this need was not of the 2-8-2 Mika type, which was Sentetsu's standard freight locomotive type, but of the Mate type with 4-8-2 wheel arrangement; the leading bogie was designed to reduce flange wear on the wheels. The resulting Matei class locomotives became a mainstay on long-distance freight trains on mountainous lines.[1]
The Gyeongseong Works undertook two major design projects at the end of the 1930s: that of the Pashiko-class express passenger locomotive, and the Matei-class freight locomotives for use on steep mountain lines.[1] Each was the largest of their type operated by Sentetsu, and the first unit of each type was rolled out in 1939. Both had a heating area of 6.2m2 and were equipped with automatic stokers. After the first two were built at Gyeongseong in 1939 and 1940, a further 48 were built from 1941 through to the end of Japanese rule by Kisha Seizō in Japan.[1]
After the Liberation and subsequent partition of Korea, both the Korean National Railroad (KNR) in the South and the Korean State Railway (Kukch'ŏl) in the North operated Matei-class locomotives. Not all survived the Pacific War, as there were only 77 of 83 built of both classes that remained in 1946; of these, 33 went to the Korean National Railroad in the South, and 44 to the Korean State Railway in the North.[2] The six locomotives of both classes that remain unaccounted for were likely either destroyed during the Pacific War or were possibly taken by Soviet Army, which during its occupation of North Korea took a large number of locomotives back to the USSR.[3]
Of the 33 4-8-2s that went to the KNR in the 1947 division of assets, most were likely Matei-class, which were designated 마터1 class by the KNR;[2] the identities of twelve of these are known for certain.
| KNR number | Sentetsu number | Builder | Year | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 마터1-5 | マテイ5 | Kisha Seizō | 1941 | ||
| 마터1-14 | マテイ14 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | ||
| 마터1-22 | マテイ22 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | ||
| 마터1-23 | マテイ23 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | ||
| 마터1-24 | マテイ24 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | ||
| 마터1-25 | マテイ25 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | ||
| 마터1-27 | マテイ27 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | ||
| 마터1-30 | マテイ30 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | ||
| 마터1-31 | マテイ31 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | ||
| 마터1-44 | マテイ44 | Kisha Seizō | 1944~1945 | ||
| 마터1-48 | マテイ48 | Kisha Seizō | 1944~1945 | ||
| 마터1-49 | マテイ49 | Kisha Seizō | 1944~1945 |
Around eleven Matei class locomotives went to the north, where they were initially designated 마더하 class (Madŏha) by Kukch'ŏl; later, around the 1970s, they were renumbered in the 7100 series, retaining their original running number but replacing the "마더하" with a "7". The identities of two are known for certain.
| KNR number | Sentetsu number | Builder | Year | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (마더하10 (7110)) | マテイ10 | Kisha Seizō | 1942 | Destroyed in 1950 still carrying Sentetsu number plates.[4] | |
| 마더하33 (7133) | マテイ33 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | Seen stored at Sinŭiju in 2003, awaiting scrapping.[5] |
On 31 December 1950, a passenger train operated by Kukch'ŏl, consisting of マテイ10 - still wearing Sentetsu number plates - and 25 cars, running on the former Kyŏngŭi Line from Hanp'o to Munsan, was ordered to stop at Changdan by the US Army and was destroyed. The locomotive is now on display at Imjingak.[4]
| Original number | Builder | Year | Works no. | Postwar owner | Postwar number | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| マテイ1 | Gyeongseong Works | 1939 | |||||
| マテイ2 | Gyeongseong Works | 1940 | |||||
| マテイ3 | Kisha Seizō | 1941 | 2055 | ||||
| マテイ4 | Kisha Seizō | 1941 | 2056 | ||||
| マテイ5 | Kisha Seizō | 1941 | 2057 | KNR | 마터1-5 | ||
| マテイ6 | Kisha Seizō | 1941 | 2058 | ||||
| マテイ7 | Kisha Seizō | 1941 | 2059 | ||||
| マテイ8 | Kisha Seizō | 1942 | 2198 | ||||
| マテイ9 | Kisha Seizō | 1942 | 2199 | ||||
| マテイ10 | Kisha Seizō | 1942 | 2200 | KSR | 마더하10 | Destroyed in 1950 still carrying Sentetsu number plates. | |
| マテイ11 | Kisha Seizō | 1942 | 2201 | ||||
| マテイ12 | Kisha Seizō | 1942 | 2202 | ||||
| マテイ13 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2304 | ||||
| マテイ14 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2305 | KNR | 마터1-14 | ||
| マテイ15 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2306 | ||||
| マテイ16 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2307 | ||||
| マテイ17 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2308 | ||||
| マテイ18 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2309 | ||||
| マテイ19 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2310 | ||||
| マテイ20 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2311 | ||||
| マテイ21 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2312 | ||||
| マテイ22 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2313 | KNR | 마터1-22 | ||
| マテイ23 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2342 | KNR | 마터1-23 | ||
| マテイ24 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2343 | KNR | 마터1-24 | ||
| マテイ25 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2344 | KNR | 마터1-25 | ||
| マテイ26 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2345 | ||||
| マテイ27 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2346 | KNR | 마터1-27 | ||
| マテイ28 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2347 | ||||
| マテイ29 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2348 | ||||
| マテイ30 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2349 | KNR | 마터1-30 | ||
| マテイ31 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2350 | KNR | 마터1-31 | ||
| マテイ32 | Kisha Seizō | 1943 | 2351 | ||||
| マテイ33 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2378 | KSR | |||
| マテイ34 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2379 | ||||
| マテイ35 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2400 | ||||
| マテイ36 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2401 | ||||
| マテイ37 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2402 | ||||
| マテイ38 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2403 | ||||
| マテイ39 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2404 | ||||
| マテイ40 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2405 | ||||
| マテイ41 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2406 | ||||
| マテイ42 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2407 | ||||
| マテイ43 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2408 | ||||
| マテイ44 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2460 | KNR | 마터1-44 | ||
| マテイ45 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2461 | ||||
| マテイ46 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2462 | ||||
| マテイ47 | Kisha Seizō | 1944 | 2463 | ||||
| マテイ48 | Kisha Seizō | 1945 | 2464 | KNR | 마터1-48 | ||
| マテイ49 | Kisha Seizō | 1945 | 2465 | KNR | 마터1-49 | ||
| マテイ50 | Kisha Seizō | 1945 | 2466 |