Capetian dynasty explained
The Capetian dynasty (; French: link=no|Capétiens), also known as the "House of France", is a dynasty of Frankish origin, and a branch of the Robertians and the Karlings. It is among the largest and oldest royal houses in Europe and the world, and consists of Hugh Capet, the founder of the dynasty, and his male-line descendants, who ruled in France without interruption from 987 to 1792, and again from 1814 to 1848. The senior line ruled in France as the House of Capet from the election of Hugh Capet in 987 until the death of Charles IV in 1328. That line was succeeded by cadet branches, the Houses of Valois and then Bourbon, which ruled without interruption until the French Revolution abolished the monarchy in 1792. The Bourbons were restored in 1814 in the aftermath of Napoleon's defeat, but had to vacate the throne again in 1830 in favour of the last Capetian monarch of France, Louis Philippe I, who belonged to the House of Orléans.Cadet branches of the Capetian House of Bourbon are still reigning over Spain and Luxembourg.
The dynasty had a crucial role in the formation of the French state. Initially obeyed only in their own demesne, the Île-de-France, the Capetian kings slowly but steadily increased their power and influence until it grew to cover the entirety of their realm. For a detailed narration on the growth of French royal power, see Crown lands of France.
Members of the dynasty were traditionally Catholic, and the early Capetians had an alliance with the Church. The French were also the most active participants in the Crusades, culminating in a series of five Crusader kings – Louis VII, Philip Augustus, Louis VIII, Louis IX, and Philip III. The Capetian alliance with the papacy suffered a severe blow after the disaster of the Aragonese Crusade. Philip III's son and successor, Philip IV, arrested Pope Boniface VIII and brought the papacy under French control. The later Valois, starting with Francis I, ignored religious differences and allied with the Ottoman sultan to counter the growing power of the Holy Roman Empire. Henry IV was a Protestant at the time of his accession, but realized the necessity of conversion after four years of religious warfare.
The Capetians generally enjoyed a harmonious family relationship. By tradition, younger sons and brothers of the king of France were given appanages for them to maintain their rank and to dissuade them from claiming the French crown itself. When Capetian cadets did aspire for kingship, their ambitions were directed not at the French throne, but at foreign thrones. As a result, the Capetians have reigned at different times in the kingdoms of Portugal, Sicily and Naples, Navarre, Hungary and Croatia, Poland, Spain and Sardinia, grand dukedoms of Lithuania and Luxembourg, and in Latin and Brazilian empires.
In modern times, King Felipe VI of Spain is a member of this family, while Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg is related to the family by agnatic kinship; both through the Bourbon branch of the dynasty. Along with the House of Habsburg, arguably its greatest historic rival, it was one of the two oldest European royal dynasties. It was also one of the most powerful royal family in European history, having played a major role in its politics for much of its existence. According to Oxford University, 75% of all royal families in European history, are related to the Capetian dynasty.[1] [2] [3]
Name origins and usage
The name of the dynasty derives from its founder, Hugh, who was known as "Hugh Capet".[4] The meaning of "Capet" (a nickname rather than a surname of the modern sort) is unknown. While folk etymology identifies it with "cape", other suggestions indicate it might be connected to the Latin word caput ("head"), and explain it as meaning "chief" or "head".
Historians in the 19th century (see House of France) came to apply the name "Capetian" to both the ruling house of France and to the wider-spread male-line descendants of Hugh Capet. It was not a contemporary practice. The name "Capet" has also been used as a surname for French royalty, particularly but not exclusively those of the House of Capet. One notable use was during the French Revolution, when the dethroned King Louis XVI (a member of the House of Bourbon and a direct male-line descendant of Hugh Capet) and Queen Marie Antoinette (a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine) were referred to as "Louis and Antoinette Capet" (the queen being addressed as "the Widow Capet" after the execution of her husband).
Capetian miracle
The Capetian miracle refers to the dynasty's ability to attain and hold onto the French crown.
In 987, Hugh Capet was elected to succeed Louis V of the Carolingian dynasty that had ruled France for over three centuries. By a process of associating elder sons with them in the kingship, the early Capetians established the hereditary succession in their family and transformed a theoretically electoral kingship into a sacral one. By the time of Philip II Augustus, who became king in 1180, the Capetian hold on power was so strong that the practice of associate kingship was dropped. While the Capetian monarchy began as one of the weakest in Europe, drastically eclipsed by the new Anglo-Norman realm in England (who, as dukes of Normandy, were technically their vassals) and even other great lords of France, the political value of orderly succession in the Middle Ages cannot be overstated. The orderly succession of power from father to son over such a long period of time meant that the French monarchs, who originally were essentially just the direct rulers of the Île-de-France, were able to preserve and extend their power, while over the course of centuries the great peers of the realm would eventually lose their power in one succession crisis or another.
By comparison, the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem was constantly beset with internal succession disputes because each generation only produced female heirs who tended to die young. Even the English monarchy encountered severe succession crises, such as The Anarchy of the 1120s between Stephen and Matilda, and the murder of Arthur I, Duke of Brittany, the primogeniture heir of Richard I of England. The latter case would deal a severe blow to the prestige of King John, leading to the eventual destruction of Angevin hegemony in France. In contrast, the French kings were able to maintain uncontested father-to-son succession from the time of Hugh Capet until the succession crisis which began the Hundred Years' War of the 14th century.
The Robertians and before
See main article: Robertians. The dynastic surname now used to describe Hugh Capet's family prior to his election as King of France is "Robertians" or "Robertines." The name is derived from the family's first certain ancestor, Robert the Strong (b. 820), the count of Paris. Robert was probably son of Robert III of Worms (b. 800) and grandson of Robert of Hesbaye (b. 770). The Robertians probably originated in the county Hesbaye, around Tongeren in modern-day Belgium. The sons of Robert the Strong were Odo and Robert, who both ruled as king of Western Francia. The family became Counts of Paris under Odo and Dukes of the Franks under Robert, possessing large parts of Neustria.
In the late 9th century, King Robert I, grandfather of Hugh Capet, married Beatrice of Vermandois, a direct descendant of Charlemagne, thus making the Capetian dynasty a cadet branch of the Carolingian dynasty.[5] [6]
The Carolingian dynasty ceased to rule France upon the death of Louis V. Afterwards, the son of Hugh the Great, Hugh Capet, was elected by the nobility as king of France. Hugh was crowned at Noyon on 3 July 987 with the full support from Holy Roman Emperor Otto III. Hugh's coronation ushered in a new era for France, and his descendants came to be called the Capetians, with the Capetian dynasty and its cadet branches such as the House of Valois ruling France for more than 800 years (987–1848, with two interruptions during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, first between 1792 and 1814, and then for three months in 1815.)
Robertian family branches
Capetians through history
Over the succeeding centuries, Capetians spread throughout Europe, ruling every form of provincial unit from kingdoms to manors.
Salic law
Salic law, re-established during the Hundred Years' War from an ancient Frankish tradition, caused the French monarchy to permit only male (agnatic) descendants of Hugh to succeed to the throne of France.
Without Salic law, upon the death of John I, the crown would have passed to his half-sister, Joan (later Joan II of Navarre). However, Joan's paternity was suspect due to her mother's adultery in the Tour de Nesle Affair; the French magnates adopted Salic law to avoid the succession of a possible bastard.
In 1328, King Charles IV of France died without male heirs, as his brothers did before him. Philip of Valois, the late king's first cousin, acted as regent, pending the birth of the king's posthumous child, which proved to be a girl. Isabella of France, sister of Charles IV, claimed the throne for her son, Edward III of England. The English king did not find support among the French lords, who made Philip of Valois their king. From then on the French succession not only excluded females but also rejected claims based on the female line of descent.
Thus the French crown passed from the House of Capet after the death of Charles IV to Philip VI of France of the House of Valois, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty,
- then to Louis II, Duke of Orléans, of the Orléans branch of the Valois, who became Louis XII of France,
- then to Francis, Duke of Valois, Count of Angoulème, who became Francis I of France, and his descendants, of the Orléans-Angoulème,
- then to Henry III of Navarre, who became Henry IV of France, of the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty.
This did not affect monarchies not under that law such as Portugal, Spain, Navarre, and various smaller duchies and counties. Therefore, many royal families appear and disappear in the French succession or become cadet branches upon marriage. A complete list of the senior-most line of Capetians is available below.
Capetian cadet branches
The Capetian dynasty has been broken many times into (sometimes rival) cadet branches. A cadet branch is a line of descent from another line than the senior-most. This list of cadet branches shows most of the Capetian cadet lines and designating their royal French progenitor, although some sub-branches are not shown.
See also: Armorial of the Capetian dynasty.
Descendants of Philip III of France
Descendants of Louis IX of France
- House of Bourbon (1268–1503)
- House of Bourbon-Montpensier, counts (1443–1527)
- House of Bourbon-La Marche (1356–1438)
- House of Bourbon-Vendôme (became Royal House of France in 1589)
- House of Bourbon-Carency (1393–1520)
- House of Bourbon-Duisant (1457–1530)
- House of Bourbon-Preaux (1385–1429)
Descendants of Louis VIII of France
Descendants of Louis VI of France
Descendants of Henry I of France
- Capetian House of Vermandois (1085–1212)
Descendants of Robert II of France
Sovereigns from the Capetian dynasty
Latin Empire
Kingdom of Albania
Kingdom of Etruria
Kingdom of France
Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Navarre
Kingdom of Poland
Kingdom and County of Portugal
Kingdom of Sicily
Kingdom of Spain
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Duchy of Brabant
Duchy of Brittany
Duchy of Burgundy
Duchy of Lorraine
Duchy of Lucca
Duchy of Luxemburg
Duchy of Milan
Duchy of Parma
Principality of Achaea
Principality of Taranto
Marquisate of Namur
Illegitimate descent
Empire of Brazil
- Peter I (1822–1831)
- Peter II (1831–1889)
Kingdom of Portugal
Senior Capets
Throughout most of history, the Senior Capet and the King of France were synonymous terms. Only in the time before Hugh Capet took the crown for himself and after the reign of Charles X is there a distinction such that the senior Capet must be identified independently from succession to the French Crown. However, since primogeniture and the Salic law provided for the succession of the French throne for most of French history, here is a list of all the French kings from Hugh until Charles, and all the Legitimist pretenders thereafter. All dates are for seniority, not reign.
King of France
- Hugh, King of France (987–996)
- Robert II, King of France (996–1031)
- Henry I, King of France (1031–1060)
- Philip I, King of France (1060–1108)
- Louis VI, King of France (1108–1137)
- Louis VII, King of France (1137–1180)
- Philip II, King of France (1180–1223)
- Louis VIII, King of France (1223–1226)
- Louis IX, King of France (1226–1270)
- Philip III, King of France (1271–1285)
- Philip IV, King of France (1285–1314)
- Louis X, King of France (1314–1316)
- John I, King of France (1316–1316)
- Philip V, King of France (1316–1322)
- Charles IV, King of France (1322–1328)
- Philip VI, King of France (1328–1350)
- John II, King of France (1350–1364)
- Charles V, King of France (1364–1380)
- Charles VI, King of France (1380–1422)
- Charles VII, King of France (1422–1461)
- Louis XI, King of France (1461–1483)
- Charles VIII, King of France (1483–1498)
- Louis XII, King of France (1498–1515)
- Francis I, King of France (1515–1547)
- Henry II, King of France (1547–1559)
- Francis II, King of France (1559–1560)
- Charles IX, King of France (1560–1574)
- Henry III, King of France (1574–1589)
- Henry IV, King of France (1589–1610)
- Louis XIII, King of France (1610–1643)
- Louis XIV, King of France (1643–1715)
- Louis XV, King of France (1715–1774)
- Louis XVI, King of France (1774–1793)
- Louis XVII, King of France (1793–1795)
- Louis XVIII, King of France (1795–1824)
- Charles X, King of France (1824–1836)
Legitimist Pretenders
- Louis Anthony, Duke of Angoulême (1836–1844)
- Henry, Count of Chambord (1844–1883)
- John, Count of Montizón (1883–1887)
- Charles, Duke of Madrid (1887–1909)
- James, Duke of Anjou and Madrid (1909–1931)
- Alphonse Charles, Duke of San Jaime (1931–1936)
- Alphonse XIII, King of Spain (1936–1941)
- James Henry, Duke of Anjou and Segovia (1941–1975)
- Alphonse, Duke of Anjou and Cádiz (1975–1989)
- Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou (1989–)
The Capetian dynasty today
Many years have passed since the Capetian monarchs ruled a large part of Europe; however, they still remain as kings, as well as other titles. Currently two Capetian monarchs still rule in Spain and Luxembourg. In addition, seven pretenders represent exiled dynastic monarchies in Brazil, France, Spain, Portugal, Parma and Two Sicilies. The current legitimate, senior family member is Louis-Alphonse de Bourbon, known by his supporters as Duke of Anjou, who also holds the Legitimist (Blancs d'Espagne) claim to the French throne. Overall, dozens of branches of the Capetian dynasty still exist throughout Europe.
Except for the House of Braganza (founded by an illegitimate son of King John I of Portugal, who was himself illegitimate), all current major Capetian branches are of the Bourbon cadet branch. Within the House of Bourbon, many of these lines are themselves well-defined cadet lines of the House.
Current Capetian rulers
Current Capetian pretenders
- Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou, Legitimist pretender to the Kingdom of France since 1989.
- Prince Pedro, Duke of Calabria, Calabrian pretender to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies since 2015.
- Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro, Castroist pretender to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies since 2008.
- Carlos, Duke of Parma, pretender to the Duchy of Parma since 2010 and one of the Carlist pretender to the Kingdom of Spain since 2010.
- Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma, the other Carlist pretenders to the Kingdom of Spain since 1979.
- Jean, Count of Paris, Orléanist pretender to the Kingdom of France since 2019.
- Prince Pedro Carlos of Orléans-Braganza, Petrópolis pretender to the Empire of Brazil since 2007.
- Prince Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza, Vassouras pretender to the Empire of Brazil since 2022.
- Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza, pretender to the Kingdom of Portugal since 1976.
- Balthazar Napoleon IV de Bourbon, Raja of Bhopal of the Bourbon-Bhopal dynasty
- Philippe, Count of Châlus of Bourbon-Busset
Arms of cadet branches
See main article: List of coats of arms of the Capetian dynasty.
Family tree
Male, male-line, legitimate, non-morganatic members of the house who either lived to adulthood, or who held a title as a child, are included. Heads of the house are in bold.
- Hugh Capet, 940-996 (House of Capet)
- Robert II of France, 972-1031
- Hugh of France, 1007-1025
- Henry I of France, 1008-1060
- Philip I of France, 1052-1108
- Louis VI of France, 1081-1137
- Philip of France, 1116-1131
- Louis VII of France, 1120-1180
- Philip II of France, 1165-1223
- Louis VIII of France, 1187-1226
- Louis IX of France, 1214-1270
- Louis of France, 1244-1260
- Philip III of France, 1245-1285
- John Tristan, Count of Valois, 1250-1270
- Peter I, Count of Alençon, 1251-1284
- Robert, Count of Clermont, 1256-1317 (House of Bourbon)
- Louis I, Duke of Bourbon, 1279-1341
- Peter I, Duke of Bourbon, 1311-1356
- James I, Count of La Marche, 1319-1362
- Peter II, Count of La Marche, 1342-1362
- John I, Count of La Marche, 1344-1393
- James II, Count of La Marche, 1370-1438
- Louis, Count of Vendôme, 1376-1446 (House of Bourbon-Vendôme)
- John VIII, Count of Vendôme, 1425-1478
- Francis, Count of Vendôme, 1470-1495
- Charles, Duke of Vendôme, 1489-1537
- Anthony of Navarre, 1518-1562
- Henry IV of France, 1553-1610
- Louis XIII, 1601-1643
- Louis XIV, 1638-1715
- Louis, Grand Dauphin, 1661-1711
- Louis, Duke of Burgundy, 1682-1712
- Philip V of Spain, 1683-1746
- Louis I of Spain, 1707-1724
- Ferdinand VI, 1713-1759
- Charles III of Spain, 1716-1788
- Infante Philip, Duke of Calabria, 1747-1777
- Charles IV of Spain, 1748-1819
- Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, 1751-1825 (House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies)
- Francis I of the Two Sicilies, 1777-1830
- Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies, 1810-1859
- Francis II of the Two Sicilies, 1836-1894
- Prince Louis, Count of Trani, 1838-1886
- Prince Alphonse, Count of Caserta, 1841-1934
- Prince Ferdinand Pius, Duke of Castro, 1869-1960
- Prince Charles of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1870-1949
- Prince Gennaro of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1882-1944
- Prince Rainier, Duke of Castro, 1883-1973
- Prince Philip of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1885-1949
- Prince Gaetan of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1917-1984
- Prince Francis of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1888–1914
- Prince Gabriel of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1897-1975
- Prince Anthony of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1929-2019
- Prince Francis of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, b. 1960
- Prince Anthony of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, b. 2003
- Prince Gennaro of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, b. 1966
- Prince John of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1933-2000
- Prince Casimir of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, b. 1938
- Prince Louis Alphonse of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, b. 1970
- Prince Paul Alphonse of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, b. 2014
- Prince Alexander Henry of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, b. 1974
- Prince Gaetan, Count of Girgenti, 1846-1871
- Prince Pascal, Count of Bari, 1852-1904
- Charles Ferdinand, Prince of Capua, 1811-1862
- Prince Leopold, Count of Syracuse, 1813-1860
- Prince Anthony, Count of Lecce, 1816-1843
- Prince Louis, Count of Aquila, 1824-1897
- Prince Louis, Count of Roccaguglielma, 1845-1909
- Prince Philip of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, 1847-1922
- Prince Francis, Count of Trapani, 1827-1892
- Prince Leopold of the Two Sicilies, 1853-1870
- Leopold, Prince of Salerno, 1790-1851
- Prince Gabriel of Spain, 1752-1788 (House of Bourbon-Braganza)
- Prince Peter Charles of Spain and Portugal, 1786-1812
- Prince Sebastian of Spain and Portugal, 1811-1875
- Francis Mary of Bourbon-Bourbon, 1st Duke of Marchena, 1861-1923
- Peter of Bourbon-Bourbon, 1st Duke of Dúrcal, 1862-1892
- Ferdinand Sebastian of Bourbon-Madán, 2nd Duke of Dúrcal, 1891-1944
- Louis Jesus of Bourbon-Bourbon, 1st Duke of Ansola, 1864-1889
- Louis Alphonse of Bourbon-Bernaldo de Quirós, 2nd Duke of Ansola, 1887–1942
- Manfred Louis of Bourbon-Bernaldo de Quirós, 3rd Duke of Ansola and 1st Duke of Hernani, 1889–1979
- Alphonse Mary of Bourbon-Bourbon, 1866–1934
- Gabriel Jesus of Bourbon-Bourbon, 1869–1889
- Prince Anthony Pascal of Spain, 1755-1817
- Philip, Duke of Parma, 1720-1765 (House of Bourbon-Parma)
- Ferdinand I, Duke of Parma, 1751-1802
- Louis I of Etruria, 1773-1803
- Charles II, Duke of Parma, 1799-1883
- Charles III, Duke of Parma, 1823-1854
- Robert I, Duke of Parma, 1848-1907
- Henry, Duke of Parma, 1873-1939
- Joseph, Duke of Parma, 1875-1950
- Elijah, Duke of Parma, 1880-1959
- Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma, 1886-1934
- Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma, 1889-1977
- Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma, 1893-1970
- Prince René of Bourbon-Parma, 1894-1962
- Prince James of Bourbon-Parma, 1922-1964
- Prince Philip of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1949
- James of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1986
- Joseph of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1989
- Prince Alan of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1955
- Michael of Bourbon-Parma, 1926-2018
- Eric of Bourbon-Parma, 1953-2021
- Prince Michael of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1989
- Prince Henry of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1991
- Prince Charles Emmanuel of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1961
- Prince Amaury of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1991
- Andrew of Bourbon-Parma, 1928-2011
- Axel of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1967
- Côme of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1997
- Louis of Bourbon-Parma, 1899-1967
- Guy of Bourbon-Parma, 1940-1991
- Louis of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1966
- Guy of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1995
- Prince Rémy of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1942
- Tristan of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1974
- Prince John Bernard of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1961
- Arnaud of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1989
- Christopher of Bourbon-Parma, b. 1991
- Prince Henry, Count of Bardi, 1851-1905
- Prince Louis of Spain, 1727-1785
- Charles, Duke of Berry, 1686-1714
- Philip I, Duke of Orléans, 1640-1701 (House of Orléans)
- Philip II, Duke of Orléans, 1674-1723
- Louis, Duke of Orléans, 1703-1752
- Louis Philip I, Duke of Orléans, 1725-1785
- Louis Philip II, Duke of Orléans, 1747-1793
- Louis Philip I, 1773-1850
- Ferdinand Philip, Duke of Orléans, 1810-1842
- Prince Philip, Count of Paris, 1838-1894
- Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres, 1840-1910
- Prince Robert of Orléans, 1866-1885
- Prince Henry of Orléans, 1867-1901
- Prince John, Duke of Guise, 1874-1940
- Henry, Count of Paris, 1908-1999
- Henry, Count of Paris, 1933-2019
- Prince Francis, Count of Clermont, 1961-2017
- John, Count of Paris, b. 1965
- Prince Gaston of Orléans, b. 2009
- Prince Joseph of Orléans, b. 2016
- Prince Alphonse of Orléans, b. 2023
- Prince Odo, Duke of Angoulême, b. 1968
- Prince Peter of Orléans, b. 2003
- Prince Francis, Duke of Orléans, 1935-1960
- Prince Michael, Count of Évreux, b. 1941
- Prince James, Duke of Orléans, b. 1941
- Charles-Louis of Orléans, b. 1972
- Philip of Orléans, b. 1998
- Constantine of Orléans, b. 2003
- Fulk of Orléans, b. 1974
- Prince Theobald, Count of La Marche, 1948-1983
- Robert of Orléans, b. 1976
- Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours, 1814-1896
- Gaston, Count of Eu, 1842-1922 (House of Orléans-Braganza)
- Peter of Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará, 1875-1940
- Louis of Orléans-Braganza, 1878–1920
- Peter Henry of Orléans-Braganza, 1909-1981
- Louis of Orléans-Braganza, 1938-2022
- Prince Odo of Orléans-Braganza, 1939-2020, renounced succession
- Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza, b. 1941
- Peter of Orléans-Braganza, b. 1945, renounced succession
- Prince Gabriel Joseph of Brazil, b. 1980
- Prince Gabriel Peter of Brazil, b. 2013
- Ferdinand of Orléans-Braganza, b. 1948, renounced succession
- Anthony of Orléans-Braganza, b. 1951
- Francis of Orléans-Braganza, b. 1955, renounced succession
- Albert of Orléans-Braganza, b. 1957, renounced succession
- Prince Peter Albert of Brazil, b. 1988
- Prince Anthony Albert of Brazil, b. 1997
- Prince Louis Gaston of Orléans-Braganza, 1911-1931
- Prince Anthony Gaston of Orléans-Braganza, 1881-1918
- Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Alençon, 1844-1910
- Francis of Orléans, Prince of Joinville, 1818-1900
- Henry of Orléans, Duke of Aumale, 1822-1897
- Anthony, Duke of Montpensier, 1824-1890
- Prince Anthony, Duke of Galliera, 1866-1930
- Prince Alphonse, Duke of Galliera, 1886-1975
- Prince Alvar, Duke of Galliera, 1910-1997
- Alphonse of Orléans-Bourbon, 1941-1975
- Alvar James of Orléans-Bourbon, b. 1947
- Andrew of Orléans-Bourbon, b. 1976
- Alvar of Orléans-Bourbon, b. c. 2013
- Alois of Orléans-Bourbon, b. 1979
- Alphonse of Orléans-Bourbon, b. 2010
- Alphonse of Orléans, 1912-1936
- Prince Ataúlfo of Orléans, 1913-1974
- Prince Louis Ferdinand of Spain, 1888-1945
- Anthony Philip, Duke of Montpensier, 1775-1807
- Louis Charles, Count of Beaujolais, 1779-1808
- Gaston, Duke of Orléans, 1608-1660
- Francis, Count of Enghien, 1519-1546
- Charles I, Cardinal de Bourbon, 1523-1590 (disputed Charles X)
- John, Count of Soissons and Enghien, 1528-1557
- Louis I, Prince of Condé, 1530-1569 (House of Bourbon-Condé)
- Francis de Bourbon, Count of St. Pol, 1491-1545
- Louis de Bourbon-Vendôme, 1493-1557
- Louis, Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon, 1473-1520
- John, Lord of Carency, 1378-1457, children by second wife declared legitimate in 1438 but not considered part of the royal house
- , 1346-1417
- , 1368-1415
- , 1390-1422
- , 1391-1429
- John of Charolais, 1283-1322
- Peter of Clermont, Archdeacon of Paris, 1287-1330
- Robert I, Count of Artois, 1216-1250 (House of Artois)
- Alphonse, Count of Poitiers, 1220-1271
- Charles I of Anjou, 1226-1285 (Capetian House of Anjou)
- Charles II of Naples, 1254-1309
- Charles Martel of Anjou, 1271-1295
- Louis of Toulouse, 1274-1297
- Robert, King of Naples, 1276-1343
- Philip I, Prince of Taranto, 1278-1331
- Raymond Berengar of Andria, 1281-1307
- John, a priest, 1283-1308
- Peter Tempesta, 1291-1315
- John, Duke of Durazzo, 1294-1336
- Philip of Sicily, 1255-1277
- Philip I, Count of Boulogne, 1200-1235, legitimated, but status as a member of the royal house unclear
- Alberic, Count of Clermont, 1222-1284, descendants unknown
- Henry of France, Archbishop of Reims, 1121-1175
- Robert I, Count of Dreux, 1123-1188 (House of Dreux)
- Simon, Lord of La Noue, 1141–1182
- Robert II, Count of Dreux, 1154-1218
- Robert III, Count of Dreux, 1185-1234
- Peter I, Duke of Brittany, 1187-1250
- John I, Duke of Brittany, 1218-1286
- , 1231–1279
- issue difficult to trace, but indications are that it lasted until the 15th century
- Henry of Dreux, Archbishop of Reims, 1193-1240
- John of Braine, 1200-1240
- Henry, Bishop of Orléans, 1155–1199
- Philip of Dreux, 1158-1217
- Peter, Lord of Bouconville-Vauclair, 1161–1186
- William, Lord of Braye, 1163–1189
- John, 1164–1189
- Peter I of Courtenay, 1126-1183 (Capetian House of Courtenay)
- Philip of Courtenay, 1153-1183
- Peter II of Courtenay, 1155-1219
- Robert, Lord of Champignelles, 1168-1239
- Peter, Lord of Conches and Mehun, 1218-1250
- Philip of Courtenay-Champignelles, 1221-1246
- Ralph, Lord of Illiers, 1223-1271
- , bishop, 1224-1279
- , bishop, 1226-1270
- William of Courtenay-Champignelles, Lord of Venisy, 1228-1280 Genealogy in French
- , Archbishop of Reims, 1251-1324
- Peter of Courtenay-Champignelles, 1259-1290
- John I, Lord of Champignelles, 1265-1318
- John II, Lord of Champignelles, 1291-1334
- John III, Lord of Champignelles, 1330-1392
- Peter II, Lord of Champignelles, 1334-1394
- Peter III, Lord of Champignelles and St-Brisson, 1377-1411
- John I, Lord of Bléneau, 1379-1460
- John II, Lord of Bléneau, 1425-1480
- John III, Lord of Bléneau, 1465-1511
- Francis I, Lord of Bléneau, 1495-1561
- Gaspard I, Lord of Bléneau, 1550-1609
- Francis II of Bléneau, 1575-1602
- Edmé, Lord of Bléneau, 1577-1640
- Gaspard II, Lord of Bléneau, 1602-1655
- Claude, 1582-1612
- John, Lord of Salles and Coudray, 1559-1624
- Philip, abbot of Lauroy, 1497-1547
- Edmé, Lord of Villars, 1501-1553
- John, knight of Malta, b. 1505
- William of Courtenay, Lord of Coquetaine-en-Brie, 1427-1485
- Peter, Lord of La Ferté-Loupière, 1429-1504
- Hector, Lord of La Ferté-Loupière, 1475-1549
- René, Lord of La Ferté-Loupière, 1510-1562
- Philip, Lord of Villeneuve-la-Cornue, 1512-1552
- John, Lord of Chevillon, 1477-1534
- James, Lord of Chevillon, 1515-1557
- William, Lord of Chevillon, 1520-1592
- James II, Lord of Chevillon, 1556-1617
- René, an abbot, 1561-c. 1638
- John II, Lord of Chevillon, 1566-1639
- Louis I, Lord of Chevillon, 1610-1672
- Louis-Charles, Lord of Chevillon, 1640-1723
- Louis Gaston, 1669-1691
- Charles Roger, Lord of Chevillon, 1671-1730
- Roger of Courtenay, abbot in Auxerre, 1647-1733
- Jean-Armand, 1652-1677
- Robert, 1619-after 1647
- Charles, Lord of Bontin, 1480-1511
- Louis I, Lord of Ville-au-Tartre, 1485-1540
- Francis, Lord of Bontin, 1526-1578
- Louis II, Lord of Bontin, 1527-1565
- Peter, Lord of Martroy, 1487-1525
- Edmé, Lord of Frauville, 1489-1516
- Peter, Lord of Arrablay, 1433-1461
- Charles, Lord of Arrablay, 1434-1488
- Francis, Lord of Arrablay, 1485-1540
- Philip, Lord of La Ferté-Loupière, 1292-1346
- John I, Lord of La Ferté-Loupière, 1346-1412
- John II, Lord of La Ferté-Loupière, 1388-1438
- Robert, a monk, 1296-1331
- William, vidame of Reims, 1299-1331
- Stephen, a priest, 1305-1348
- Peter, Lord of Autry, 1305-1348
- William, Lord of Tanlay, c. 1172-1248
- Robert I, Lord of Tanlay, 1205-1260
- John I, Lord of Tanlay, 1230-1285
- Robert II, Lord of Tanlay, 1260-1310
- William II, Lord of Tanlay, b. 1285
- Robert III, Lord of Tanlay, 1307-1346
- John II, Lord of Tanlay, 1308-1342
- Philip II, Lord of Tanlay, 1320-1384
- Peter of Tanlay, 1352-1383
- Stephen, Lord of Ravières, 1356-1383
- Philip, a prior, 1292-after 1315
- Stephen, Lord of Tanerre, 1262-1332
- Philip, Lord of Ravières, 1264-1300
- John, abbot of Quincey, 1266-1300
- John of Tanlay, d. after 1248
- Philip of France, Archdeacon of Paris, 1132-1160
- , 1093-1133
- , 1095-1119
- Hugh, Count of Vermandois, 1057-1101
- Robert I, Duke of Burgundy, 1011-1076, (House of Burgundy)
- Hugh of Burgundy, 1034-1059
- Henry of Burgundy, 1035-1070
- Hugh I, Duke of Burgundy, 1057-1093
- Odo I, Duke of Burgundy, 1060-1103
- Hugh II, Duke of Burgundy, 1084-1143
- Odo II, Duke of Burgundy, 1118-1162
- Gauthier, Archbishop of Besançon, 1120-1180
- Hugh le Roux, 1121-1171
- William of Châtelet-Chalon
- Robert, Bishop of Autun, 1122-1140
- Henry, Bishop of Autun, 1124-1170
- Raymond, Count of Grignon, 1125-1156
- Henry, a priest, 1087-1125
- Robert of Burgundy (bishop of Langres), 1059-1111
- Raynald I, abbot of Flavigny, 1059-1090
- Henry, Count of Portugal, 1066-1112 (Portuguese House of Burgundy)
- Robert of Burgundy, 1040-1113
- Simon of Burgundy, 1045-1087
- Odo of France, mentally incapacitated, 1013-1059
See also
Notes
Works cited
- Book: Naus . James . Constructing kingship : the Capetian monarchs of France and the early Crusades . 2016 . Manchester University Press . 9780719090974.
Further reading
- Book: Firnhaber-Baker, Justine . House of Lilies: The Dynasty That Made Medieval France . 2024. . 978-1-5416-0477-3 .
- Ingmar Krause: Konflikt und Ritual im Herrschaftsbereich der frühen Capetinger – Untersuchungen zur Darstellung und Funktion symbolischen Verhaltens. . Rhema-Verlag, Münster 2006,
- Fawtier, Robert. The Capetian Kings of France: Monarchy & Nation (987–1328). Macmillan, 1960. (translated from French edition of 1941)
- Hallam, Elizabeth M. Capetian France 987–1328. Longman, 1980.
- Le Hête, Thierry. Les Capetiens: Le Livre du Millenaire. Editions Christian, 1987.
External links
Notes and References
- Book: An Empire of Memory: The Legend of Charlemagne, the Franks, and Jerusalem before the First Crusade. Oxford University Press. 22. 2011. 978-0-19-161640-2 .
- Book: MacLagan, Michael . Louda, Jiri. 1984. Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe. London. Orbis. 978-0-85613-672-6.
- Book: Hallam, Elizabeth M. . Everard, Judith. 2001. Capetian France, 987–1328. second. Harlow, UK. Longman. 978-0-582-40428-1.
- Book: Bradbury, Jim . The Capetians: Kings of France 987–1328 . 2007 . Bloomsbury Publishing . 978-0-8264-2491-4 . en.
- Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue Folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafeln 10, 11
- Pierre Riché, The Carolingians; A Family Who Forged Europe, trans. Michael Idomir Allen (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993), pp. 371, 375