Senecio vernalis explained

Senecio vernalis is one of the European species of Senecio, an annual that is also known as eastern groundsel. While it has been long classified as Senecio vernalis, this species has more recently been described as a subspecies of Senecio leucanthemifolius and is now included by some in that species.

Description

Eastern groundsel is a "lovely yellow-flowering weed found by the roadside and on the edges of fields"^[1] that can be sometimes confused with S. eboracensis.^[2]

Stems and leaves: Leaves usually wavey, dissected, with lateral lobes that are about as long as width of central undivided portion, usually conspicuously covered with fine hairs. The edges are serrated. Leaves alternate one leaf per node along the stem.^{[2] [3]}

Seeds: The oldest collection of seeds recorded was 16 years; average germination change for these was from 100% to 82.5%, with a mean storage period 13 years.^[4]

A Senecio and a diploid, Senecio vernalis is part of a species group along with S. flavus, S. gallicus, S. squalidus and S. glaucus who are widespread geographically and interesting for the study of genecology (the study of genetic differences in relation to the environment) and plant evolution.^[5]

Common names

• English: eastern groundsel
• German: Frühlings-Greiskraut
• Estonian: Kevad-ristirohi
• Finnish: Kevätvillakko
• Dutch; Flemish: Oostelijk kruiskruid
• Latvian: Pavasara krustaine
• Lithuanian: Pavasarinė žilė
• Hungarian: Tavaszi aggófű
• Croatian: Proljetni dragušac, Proljetni kostriš, Proljetni staračac
• French: Séneçon de printemps
• Slovenian: Starček jarný
• Danish: Vår-Brandbæger
• Swedish: Vårkorsört
• Norwegian: Vårsvineblom
• Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan: spălăcioasă
• Russian: Крестовник весенний
• Armenian: Հալևորուկ գարնանային
• Hebrew: סביון אביבי,סַבְיוֹן אֲבִיבִי ^{[3] [6]}

Distribution

Native:

Palearctic

Western Asia: Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey

Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ciscaucasia, Dagestan

Middle Asia: Turkmenistan

Middle Europe: Austria, Hungary, Poland

East Europe: Belarus, Croatia, Estonia, Crimea, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine

Southeastern Europe: Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Macedonia. Kosovo

Subspecies or varieties which are also synonyms

• Senecio leucanthemifolius subsp. vernalis (Waldst. & Kit.) Greuter

Misapplied names:

• Senecio coronopifolius sec. Grossgejm, A. A.

• Senecio gallicus sec. Demiri, M.

• Senecio gallicus sec. Josifović, M. & al.

• Senecio gallicus sec. Hayek, A. von

Notes and References

1. Book: Rudolf Fritz Weiss, A. R. Meuss . Weiss's Herbal Medicine . 2008-04-09 . 2001 . Thieme . 978-1-58890-069-2 . 372 pages . Gynaecological Conditions and Diseases of the Breast . https://books.google.com/books?id=gDLIrCv26hkC&pg=PA310.
2. LOWE . A. J. . R. J. ABBOTT . A new British species, Senecio eboracensis (Asteraceae), another hybrid derivative of S. vulgaris L. and S. squalidus L . Watsonia . 24 . 375–388 . 2003 . 2008-04-09 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070927221840/http://www.watsonia.org.uk/Vol24p375.pdf . 2007-09-27.
3. Web site: Senecio vernalis Waldst. & Kit. . 2008-04-09 . Flora of Israel Online . Hebrew University of Jerusalem . Hebrew University of Jerusalem . 2011-07-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110721135438/http://www.flora.huji.ac.il/browse.asp?lang=en&action=specie&specie=SENVER . dead .
4. Web site: Search Results . 2008-04-09 . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Seed Information Database . Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
5. Book: Hollingsworth , Peter . Richard M. Bateman . Richard Gornall . Molecular Systematics and Plant Evolution . 2008-04-23 . 1999 . . 978-0-7484-0908-2 . 504 pages . Monophyly populations and species . https://books.google.com/books?id=SVKN8V1cGg4C&pg=PA171.
6. Web site: 5 definiţii pentru spălăcioasă . 2008-04-10 . 2004-07-24 . DEX online . ro.