Selene Gifford Explained

Selene Gifford
Birth Date:May 30, 1901
Birth Place:Rochester, Massachusetts
Death Place:Leesburg, Virginia
Occupation:Social worker, federal official, international relief worker
Known For:Federal Woman's Award (1964)

Selene Gifford (May 30, 1901 – July 21, 1979) was an American social worker, and an international and federal government official. She won the Federal Woman's Award in 1964, for her work and leadership at the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

Early life

Selene Gifford was born in Rochester, Massachusetts, the daughter of George G. Gifford and Elizabeth Anna Sherman Gifford.

Career

During the Great Depression, Gifford was a social worker in various states. In 1936, she was assistant regional social worker with the Works Progress Administration (WPA) in West Virginia.[1] In 1938 she was a speaker at a Florida state conference on social work.[2] By 1940 she was chief regional supervisor of the WPA in the deep South, and spoke to the Mississippi Conference of Social Workers.[3]

In 1943 Gifford was a public welfare consultant at the War Relocation Authority, tasked with visiting Japanese internment camps.[4] [5] She argued for the employment of White conscientious objectors at the camps,[6] and spoke about the camps on a panel with Mike Masaoka and Annie Clo Watson at a social work convention.[7]

After World War II, she was based overseas: she served as deputy chief of mission at the United States Embassy in Cairo, was Director of Displaced Persons at the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) in London,[8] and worked in Geneva with the International Refugee Organization on relief, resettlement and rehabilitation programs.[9] [10] [11] Gifford, who was white, spent most of her career at the Bureau of Indian Affairs.[12] [13] She became head of the bureau's Division of Community Services in 1949,[14] and assistant commissioner of the bureau in 1952.[15] In 1958, she testified before a House committee on funding for the education of American Indian children.[16] [17] In 1961, she testified before a Senate committee on the constitutional rights of the American Indian. She also established job placement programs,[18] studied issues of law enforcement funding,[19] and supported the repeal of discriminatory laws regarding the sale of alcohol to Native Americans, saying "I do not deny that drinking is a problem among the Indians. But isn't it with any group of people?"[20] In 1962, Gifford received the bureau's Citation for Distinguished Service. In 1964, she received the Federal Woman's Award.[21] [22] She retired from the bureau in 1965.

Personal life

Selene Gifford died from colon cancer in Leesburg, Virginia in 1979, aged 78 years. Her grave is with those of her siblings, in Rochester, Massachusetts.

Notes and References

  1. News: 1936-04-30. Stone Again is Welfare Head. 3. The Charleston Daily Mail. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  2. News: 1938-03-23. State Welfare Program Opens Sunday Night. 14. Tampa Bay Times. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  3. News: 1940-04-18. WPA Region Chief Slated for Speech at Assembly Here. 18. Clarion-Ledger. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  4. News: June 19, 1943. Welfare Head Studies Problem. Gila News-Courier. August 21, 2021.
  5. Book: Park, Yoosun. Facilitating Injustice: The Complicity of Social Workers in the Forced Removal and Incarceration of Japanese Americans, 1941-1946. 2019-10-17. Oxford University Press. 978-0-19-008135-5. 134. en.
  6. Gifford, Selene to Mr. Myer (April 7, 1943), Memorandum.
  7. News: February 25, 1943. Masaoka May Speak to U.S. Social Workers. 3. Pacific Citizen. August 21, 2021.
  8. Book: Taylor, Lynne. In the Children's Best Interests: Unaccompanied Children in American-Occupied Germany, 1945-1952. 2017-11-29. University of Toronto Press. 978-1-4875-1516-4. 174–175. en.
  9. News: 1949-12-29. Indian Bureau Has New Welfare Head. 8. Rapid City Journal. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  10. News: Buchen. Charlotte. 1959-03-17. Capitol Executive is Phoenix Visitor. 17. Arizona Republic. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  11. Book: United States Congress Senate Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights. Constitutional Rights of the American Indian. 1962. U.S. Government Printing Office. 123–130. en.
  12. News: August 3, 1962. Selene Gifford is Given Citation. Northern Virginia Sun. August 21, 2021. Virginia Chronicle.
  13. News: 1964-03-03. Federal Woman's Award to be Presented Tonight. 37. Newsday (Nassau Edition). 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  14. News: 1965-12-31. Bureau Announces Official Changes. 3. The Missoulian. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  15. News: 1952-05-10. Woman is Named to Indian Bureau Post. 1. The Independent-Record. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  16. Book: United States Congress House Committee on Education and Labor. Proposed Amendments to Public Laws 815 and 874, 81st Congress (assistance to Federally Affected School Districts).: Hearings Before a Subcommittee ... Eighty-fifth Congress. 1958. U.S. Government Printing Office. 719–724. en.
  17. News: 1953-12-11. Reservation's Schools are Held Inadequate. 24. Arizona Daily Star. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  18. News: 1951-11-08. Off-Reservation Jobs for 3000 Indians Goal. 12. Reno Gazette-Journal. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  19. News: 1956-08-21. Study Indian Law Problem. 6. The Kansas City Times. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  20. News: 1958-04-20. Official Lauds Indians. 87. Arizona Republic. 2021-08-21. Newspapers.com.
  21. News: 1964-02-03. 6 Women Selected for Federal Award. en-US. The New York Times. 2021-08-21. 0362-4331.
  22. Web site: Johnson. Lyndon Baines. March 3, 1964. Remarks to the Winners of the Federal Woman's Award. 2021-08-21. The American Presidency Project.

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