| French: Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no | |
| Native Name Lang: | fr |
| Type: | Department of France |
| Coordinates: | 48.9°N 31°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | France |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | French: [[Île-de-France]]|italic=no |
| Seat Type: | Prefecture |
| Seat: | French: [[Bobigny]]|italic=no |
| Parts Type: | Subprefectures |
| Parts Style: | para |
| P1: | French: [[Le Raincy]]<br>[[Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis|Saint-Denis]]|italic=no |
| Leader Party: | PS |
| Leader Title: | President of the Departmental Council |
| Leader Name: | Stéphane Troussel[1] |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 236 |
| Population Rank: | 4th |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Demographics Type1: | GDP |
| Demographics1 Footnotes: | [2] |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Total |
| Demographics1 Info1: | €66.227 billion (2021) |
| Demographics1 Title2: | Per capita |
| Demographics1 Info2: | €38,688 (2021) |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Department number |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 93 |
| Blank Name Sec2: | Arrondissements |
| Blank Info Sec2: | 3 |
| Blank1 Name Sec2: | Cantons |
| Blank1 Info Sec2: | 21 |
| Blank2 Name Sec2: | Communes |
| Blank2 Info Sec2: | 40 |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +1 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +2 |
| Footnotes: | French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km2 |
| Leader Title1: | Prefect |
| Leader Name1: | Jacques Witkowski |
French: Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no (in French pronounced as /sɛn sɛ̃ d(ə)ni/) is a department of France located in the Grand Paris metropolis in the French: [[Île-de-France]]|italic=no region. In French, it is often referred to colloquially as French: quatre-vingt treize or French: neuf trois ("ninety-three" or "nine three"), after its official administrative number, 93. Its prefecture is Bobigny.
In 2019, it had a population of 1,644,903 across 40 communes.[3] In French, the learned but rarely used demonym for the inhabitants of Seine-Saint-Denis is French: Séquano-Dionysiens; more common is French: Dionysiens.
The department is surrounded by the departments of Hauts-de-Seine, Val-de-Marne, Paris, Val-d'Oise, and Seine-et-Marne. It is thus one of only five French departments surrounded entirely by other departments of the same region.
French: Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no is located to the northeast of Paris. It has a surface area of only 236 km2 (91 sq mi), making it one of the smallest departments in France. Seine-Saint-Denis and two other small departments, French: [[Hauts-de-Seine]]|italic=no and French: [[Val-de-Marne]]|italic=no, form a ring around Paris, known as the French: [[Île-de-France|Petite Couronne]] ("little crown"). Since 1 January 2016, together with Paris, they have formed the area of Greater Paris (Grand Paris).
The most populous commune is Saint-Denis; the prefecture Bobigny is the eleventh-most populous. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 70,000 inhabitants:[3]
| Commune | Population (2019) | |
|---|---|---|
| Saint-Denis | 112,852 | |
| Montreuil | 111,240 | |
| Aubervilliers | 88,948 | |
| Aulnay-sous-Bois | 86,969 | |
| Drancy | 72,376 |
French: Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no is made up of three departmental French: arrondissements|nocat=y and 40 communes:
French: Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no was created in January 1968, through the implementation of a law passed in July 1964. It was formed from the part of the (hitherto larger) Seine department to the north and north-east of the Paris ring road (and the line of the old city walls), together with a small slice taken from French: [[Seine-et-Oise]]|italic=no.
French: Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no has a history as a left-wing stronghold, belonging to the French: [[ceinture rouge]] (red belt) of Paris. The French Communist Party has maintained a continued strong presence in the department, and still controls the city councils in cities such as French: [[Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis|Saint-Denis]]|italic=no, French: [[Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis|Montreuil]]|italic=no and French: [[La Courneuve]]|italic=no. Until 2008, French: Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no and French: [[Val-de-Marne]]|italic=no were the only departments where the Communist Party had a majority in the general councils but the 2008 cantonal elections saw the socialists become the strongest group at the French: Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no general council (while the Communist Party gained a majority in French: [[Allier]]|italic=no and lost it in 2015).
A commune of French: Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no, French: [[Clichy-sous-Bois]]|italic=no, was the scene of the death of two youths which sparked the nationwide riots of autumn 2005. In October and November, 9,000 cars were burned and 3,000 rioters were arrested.
In 2018, the department had the highest crime rate in metropolitan France.[4] In 2017, the area was the location of 18% of all drug offences in metropolitan France.
French: Seine-Saint-Denis|italic=no is the French department with the highest proportion of immigrants: 21.7% at the 1999 census (see table below). An immigrant according to INSEE is anyone born non-French within or outside France and as such, this figure does not include people born French but with a migrant background or from overseas France. The ratio of ethnic minorities is difficult to estimate accurately as French law prohibits the collection of ethnic data for census taking purposes.
In 2018, the poverty rate was twice the national average at 28%, the unemployment rate was 3% above the national average, at 12.7%. In 2018, it was estimated that 8–20% of the population in the department were illegal immigrants.[5]
Population development since 1881:
An education study confirmed falling levels of literacy in the area, where the percentage of pupils who had 25 errors or more increased from 5.4% in 1987 to 19.8% in 2015.
The president of the Departmental Council is Stéphane Troussel, first elected in 2012.
| Election | Winning Candidate | Party | % | 2nd Place Candidate | Party | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022[6] | Emmanuel Macron | LREM | 73.72 | Marine Le Pen | FN | 26.28 | ||
| 2017[7] | Emmanuel Macron | LREM | 78.82 | Marine Le Pen | FN | 21.18 | ||
| 2012 | François Hollande | PS | 65.32 | Nicolas Sarkozy | UMP | 34.68 | ||
| 2007 | Ségolène Royal | PS | 56.54 | Nicolas Sarkozy | UMP | 43.46 | ||
| 2002 | Jacques Chirac | RPR | 82.56 | Jean-Marie Le Pen | FN | 17.44 | ||
| 1995[8] | Lionel Jospin | PS | 51.84 | Jacques Chirac | RPR | 48.16 | ||