Gammarus Explained

Gammarus is an amphipod crustacean genus in the family Gammaridae. It contains more than 200 described species, making it one of the most species-rich genera of crustaceans.[1] Different species have different optimal conditions, particularly in terms of salinity, and different tolerances; Gammarus pulex, for instance, is a purely freshwater species, while Gammarus locusta is estuarine, only living where the salinity is greater than 25.[2]

Species of Gammarus are the typical "scuds" of North America and range widely throughout the Holarctic. A considerable number are also found southwards into the Northern Hemisphere tropics, particularly in Southeast Asia.[3]

Species

The following species are included:[4] Four new species were found in 2018 on the Tibetan Plateau.[5] Four more new species were described from the Chihuahuan Desert in 2021.[6]

Notes and References

  1. F. O. Costa . C. M. Henzler . D. H. Lunt . N. M. Whiteley . J. Rock . 2009 . Probing marine Gammarus (Amphipoda) taxonomy with DNA barcodes . . 7 . 4 . 365–379 . 10.1017/S1477200009990120 . 83482755 . .
  2. Book: C. Barry Cox . Peter D. Moore . 2010 . Biogeography: An Ecological and Evolutionary Approach . 8th . . 978-0-470-63794-4 . Patterns of distribution . 37–89 . https://books.google.com/books?id=GP5HeCwkV2IC&pg=PA65.
  3. Zhonge Hou . Jinzhong Fu . Shuqiang Li . 2009 . A molecular phylogeny of the genus Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences . . 45 . 2 . 596–611 . 17686635 . 10.1016/j.ympev.2007.06.006.
  4. Web site: Mark Costello . Denise Bellan-Santini . 2010 . Gammarus Fabricius, 1775 . . August 28, 2010.
  5. Four new Gammarus species from Tibetan Plateau with a key to Tibetan freshwater gammarids (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridae) . 2018 . 747 . ZooKeys . 10.3897/zookeys.747.21999 . 3 April 2018. free . Hou . Zhonge . Li . Shuqiang . 1–40 . 29674901 . 5904427 .
  6. Ashley D. Walters. Andrew G. Cannizzaro. Daniel A. Trujillo. David J. Berg. Addressing the Linnean shortfall in a cryptic species complex. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 192. 2. 2021. 277–305. 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa099.
  7. Maryam Hekmatara . Alireza Sari . Mohammad-Hadi Heidary Baladehi . 2011 . Two new Gammarus species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridae) from Zagros Mountains, Iran . Zootaxa . 2894 . 39–57 . PDF excerpt. 10.11646/zootaxa.2894.1.3 .
  8. Özbek . Murat . Aydin . Gökhan . A new amphipod from the depths of the Morca Sinkhole (Anamur, Türkiye): Gammarus morcae n. sp. (Amphipoda: Gammaridae), with notes on cavernicolous amphipods of Türkiye . Turkish Journal of Zoology . The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Tubitak-Ulakbim) - Digital Commons Journals . 47 . 2 . 2023-01-01 . 1300-0179 . 10.55730/1300-0179.3118 . 81–93. free .