The so-called Scotch settlement of Mississippi, United States was located in the southeastern section of Jefferson County. There was also a lesser-known Scotch settlement in Wayne County, Mississippi.
The area considered the Scotch settlement was about 20 miles long and ten miles wide, and extended into what later became Lincoln County, Mississippi.[1] Scottish Gaelic was the common language for at least the first half of the 19th century.[2] The colony was established in 1806 when immigrants from the Highlands of Scotland by way of North Carolina inquired with Judge Peter Bryan Bruin of Bayou Pierre about the prospects for settling in Natchez, in what was then Mississippi Territory.[3] One of the visitors, Dugald Torrey, found Bruin in the company of Waterman Crane and a Presbyterian minister he knew from North Carolina known as Rev. Mr. Brown. They started farming lands in the east end of the county, and "in a few years, over one hundred Highland-Scotch Presbyterian families settled in their vicinity. Most of them spoke the Gaelic language [and] had been taught the Shorter Catechism." Many of the migrants came from Robeson County, North Carolina. Some of the surnames of the settlers were Gilcrist, Baker, Cameron, McIntyre, McLauchlin, McLaurin, Buie, Cato, Brown, Smith, Patterson, Watson, Galbreath, Smylie, Trimble, McClutchie, Farley, Curie, Wilkinson, McCormick, McMillan, McClean, Henderson, McCallum, McCutchens, McIntyre, Montgomery, McPherson, Curry, and Torrey.
According to a history published in 1906, the heyday of the settlement began about 15 years after the founding:
However, the success of the settlement was based on widespread ownership of slaves and "to them the civil war with its results was exceedingly disastrous. When their slave property was lost their lands became useless. Their splendid carriages, wagons and teams rapidly disappeared. The price of cotton was not remunerative, the old men gradually died and the young men left the farms, so that the glory of this part of the Scotch settlement is mainly in the past."
The Rev. James Smylie (1780–1853), whom Harriet Beecher Stowe once castigated for his religiously argued pro-slavery pamphlet, was from this community.[4] Stowe wrote of the domestic slave trade in A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin, "Mr. Lindsey is going to be receiving, from time to time, all the season, and will sell as cheap as anybody; so there's no fear of the supply falling off...Query: Are these Messrs. Sanders & Foster, and J. W. Lindsey, and S. N. Brown, and McLean, and Woodroof, and McLendon, all members of the church, in good and regular standing? Does the question shock you? Why so? Why should they not be? The Rev. Dr. Smylie, of Mississippi, in a document endorsed by two Presbyteries, says distinctly that the Bible gives a right to buy and sell slaves."[5]
There was also community of immigrants from Scotland in Wayne County, Mississippi. In 1812 the Wayne County Scots established a school where Gaelic was the primary language.[6]