Sclerosomatidae Explained

The Sclerosomatidae are a family of harvestmen with about 1,300 known species. One former subfamily has been recently removed to form a new family, Globipedidae.^[1]

Name

The name is combined from Ancient Greek skleros "hard" and soma "body".^[2]

Genera

• Gagrellinae Thorell, 1889

• Abaetetuba Tourinho-Davis, 2004 (5 species)

• Adungrella Roewer, 1955 (3 species)

• Aguilaia González-Sponga, 2003 (1 species; Venezuela)

• Akalpia Roewer, 1915 (2 species; India and Japan)

• Altobunus Roewer, 1910 (3 species; Celebes and Philippines)

• Amazonesia Soares, 1970 (2 species)

• Antigrella Roewer, 1954 (1 species)

• Aurivilliola Roewer, 1910 (17 species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Azucarella Roewer, 1959 (1 species)

• Bakerinulus Roewer, 1955 (1 species)

• Bastia Roewer, 1910 (3 species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Bastioides Mello-Leitão, 1931 (1 species; South America)

• Baturitia Roewer, 1931 (1 species; Sunda Islands)

• Bellonia González-Sponga, 2003 (1 species; Venezuela)

• Biceropsis Roewer, 1935 (1 species; Burma)

• Bonthainia Roewer, 1913 (5 species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Bullobunus Roewer, 1910 (7 species; Philippines)

• Caluga Roewer, 1959 (1 species)

• Cardenalia Kury, 2017 (1 species; Venezuela)

• Carinobius Roewer, 1955 (1 species)

• Carmenia Roewer, 1915 (1 species; Colombia)

• Carmichaelus Roewer, 1929 (1 species; India)

• Ceratobunellus Roewer, 1911 (3 species; India)

• Ceratobunoides Roewer, 1923 (2 species; Sumatra)

• Ceratobunus Thorell, 1889 (13 species)

• Cervibunus Roewer, 1912 (3 Species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Chasenella Roewer, 1955 (2 species; Borneo)

• Chebabius Roewer, 1935 (1 species; Burma)

• Coonoora Roewer, 1929 (1 species; India)

• Dentobunus Roewer, 1910 (33 species; Southeast Asia)

• Diangathia Roewer, 1955 (1 species)

• Echinobunus Roewer, 1912 (1 species; Java)

• Euceratobunus Roewer, 1923 (1 species; India)

• Eugagrella Roewer, 1910 (25 species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Euzaleptus Roewer, 1911 (4 species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Fesa Roewer, 1953 (1 species)

• Gagrella Stoliczka, 1869 (226 species; Asia)

• Gagrellenna Roewer, 1929 (1 species; India)

• Gagrellina Roewer, 1913 (1 species; Celebes)

• Gagrellissa Roewer, 1931 (1 species; Sunda Islands)

• Gagrellopsis Sato & Suzuki, 1939 (1 species; Japan)

• Gagrellula Roewer, 1910 (67 species; Asia)

• Garleppa Roewer, 1912 (4 species; South America)

• Geaya Roewer, 1910 (82 species; Latin America)

• Globulosoma Martens, 1987 (2 species; Nepal)

• Guaranobunus Ringuelet, 1954 (1 species; Argentina)

• Hamitergum Crawford, 1992 (1 species; Russia)

• Harmanda Roewer, 1910 (15 species; Asia)

• Harmandina Schenkel, 1954 (1 species)

• Hehoa Roewer, 1929 (1 species; India)

• Heterogagrella Roewer, 1954 (2 species; Southeast Asia)

• Hexazaleptus Suzuki, 1966 (1 species)

• Hexomma Thorell, 1876 (9 species; Southeast Asia)

• Himaldroma Martens, 1987 (2 species; Nepal)

• Himalzaleptus Martens, 1987 (1 species; Nepal)

• Holcobunus Roewer, 1910 (26 or 27 species; Latin America)

• Holmbergiana Mello-Leitão, 1931 (3 species; South America)

• Hologagrella Roewer, 1910 (7 species; Southeast Asia)

• Hypogrella Roewer, 1955 (1 species)

• Hypsibunus Thorell, 1891 (11 species; India & Southeast Asia)

• Jussara Mello-Leitão, 1935 (10 species; South America)

• Koyamaia Suzuki, 1972 (1 species)

• Krusa Goodnight & Goodnight, 1947 (10 species; Mexico)

• Krusella Roewer, 1953 (1 species; Venezuela)

• Liopagus Chamberlin, 1916 (1 species)

• Marthana Thorell, 1891 (24 species; Southeast Asia)

• Melanopa Thorell, 1889 (30 species; India, Southeast Asia)

• Melanopella Roewer, 1931 (3 species; Sunda Islands)

• Melanopula Roewer, 1929 (5 species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Metadentobunus Roewer, 1915 (3 species; Taiwan)^[3]

• Metahehoa Suzuki, 1985 (1 species)

• Metasyleus Roewer, 1955 (3 species)

• Metaverpulus Roewer, 1912 (7 species; South Asia)

• Metazaleptus Roewer, 1912 (8 species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Microzaleptus Roewer, 1955 (1 species)

• Munequita Mello-Leitão, 1941 (1 species; Brazil)

• Neogagrella Roewer, 1913 (3 species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Nepalgrella Martens, 1987 (2 species; Nepal)

• Nepalkanchia Martens, 1990 (2 species; Nepal)

• Obigrella Roewer, 1955 (1 species)

• Octozaleptus Suzuki, 1966 (1 species)

• Onostemma Mello-Leitão, 1938 (2 species; Brazil)

• Oobunus Kishida, 1930 (1 species)

• Orissula Roewer, 1955 (1 species)

• Padangrella Roewer, 1954 (1 species)

• Palniella Roewer, 1929 (1 species; India)

• Paradentobunus Roewer, 1915 (1 species; India)

• Paragagrella Roewer, 1912 (5 species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Paragagrellina Schenkel, 1963 (1 species)

• Parageaya Mello-Leitão, 1933 (6 species; Latin America)

• Paratamboicus Mello-Leitão, 1940 (30 species; South America)

• Paraumbogrella Suzuki, 1963 (1 species)

• Paruleptes Soares, 1970 (1 species)

• Pectenobunus Roewer, 1910 (4 species; South America)

• Pergagrella Roewer, 1954 (1 species)

• Pokhara Suzuki, 1970 (7 species; Nepal)

• Prionostemma Pocock, 1903 (114 species; Mexico, Central America, and South America)

• Prodentobunus Roewer, 1923 (4 species; Asia)

• Psammogeaya Mello-Leitão, 1946 (1 species; Uruguay)

• Psathyropus L. Koch, 1878 (40 species; Asia)

• Pseudarthromerus Karsch, 1892 (1 species)

• Pseudogagrella Redikortsev, 1936 (13 species; East Asia)

• Pseudomelanopa Suzuki, 1974 (2 species; East Asia)

• Pseudosystenocentrus Suzuki, 1985 (1 species)

• Romerella Goodnight & Goodnight, 1943 (5 species; Mexico and South America)

• Sarasinia Roewer, 1913 (1 species; Celebes)

• Sataria Roewer, 1915 (3 species; India)

• Scotomenia Thorell, 1889 (1 species; Burma)

• Sericicorpus Martens, 1987 (1 species; Nepal)

• Sinadroma Roewer, 1955 (1 species)

• Syleus Thorell, 1876 (2 species; India)

• Syngagrella Roewer, 1913 (1 species; Celebes)

• Systenocentrus Simon, 1886 (6 species; Southeast and East Asia)

• Tamboicus Roewer, 1912 (3 species; South America)

• Taperina Roewer, 1953 (2 species)

• Tetraceratobunus Roewer, 1915 (3 species; South Asia)

• Thunbergia Martens, 2020 (4 species; South America)

• Toragrella Roewer, 1955 (2 species)

• Trachyrhinus Weed, 1892 (7 species; North America: Mexico and United States)

• Umbogrella Roewer, 1955 (1 species)

• Umbopilio Roewer, 1956 (2 species)

• Vaho González-Sponga, 2003 (1 species)

• Valle González-Sponga, 2003 (3 species)

• Varinodulia Canals, 1935 (1 species)

• Verpulus Simon, 1901 (13 species; South and Southeast Asia)

• Verrucobunus Roewer, 1931 (3 species; East and Southeast Asia)

• Xerogrella Martens, 1987 (1 species; Nepal)

• Zaleptiolus Roewer, 1955 (4 species; Asia)

• Zaleptulus Roewer, 1955 (3 species)

• Zaleptus Thorell, 1876 (72 species; Asia and Australia)
• Gyantinae Silhavý, 1946

• Gyas Simon, 1879 (1 species; Alps)

• Gyoides Martens, 1982 (6 species; Nepal)

• Rongsharia Roewer, 1957 (3 species; Nepal)
• Leiobuninae Banks, 1893

• †Amauropilio Mello-Leitão, 1937 (fossil) (2 species; fossils found in Colorado)

• Cosmobunus Simon, 1879 (5 species; Spain and Mexico)

• Dilophiocara Redikorzev, 1931 (2 species)

• Eumesosoma Cokendolpher, 1980 (6 species; United States)

• Eusclera Roewer, 1910 (2 species; China and India)

• Hadrobunus Banks, 1900 (2 species; United States)

• Leiobunum C.L.Koch, 1839 (126 species - 2 extinct fossils; worldwide)

• Leuronychus Banks, 1900 (2 species; North America)

• Microliobunum Roewer, 1912 (2 species; Middle East)

• Micronelima Schenkel, 1938 (1 species; Spain)

• Nelima Roewer, 1910 (44 species; worldwide)

• Paranelima Caporiacco, 1938 (6 species; Mexico and Central America)

• Schenkeliobunum Starega, 1964 (1 species)

• Togwoteeus Roewer, 1952 (1 species; United States)
• Sclerosomatinae Simon, 1879

• Astrobunus Thorell, 1876 (12 species; Europe)

• Granulosoma Martens, 1973 (1 species)

• Homalenotus C.L.Koch, 1839 (13 species; Southern Europe and North Africa)

• Mastobunus Simon, 1879 (2 species; Southern Europe and North Africa)

• Metasclerosoma Roewer, 1912 (5 species; Italy)

• Pseudastrobunus Martens, 1973 (1 species)

• Pseudohomalenotus Caporiacco, 1935 (1 species; the Karakoram)

• Pygobunus Roewer, 1957 (2 species; Japan)

• Umbopilio Roewer, 1956 (1 species)

Removed

• Caiza Roewer, 1925. Subjective synonym of Pectenobunus Roewer, 1910) in Tourinho, 2004a

• Pseudoarthromerus Karsch, 1891 (1 species; Japan, nomen nudum, therefore non-valid)

Notes and References

1. Kury, A.B. & J.C. Cokendolpher (2020) Chapter 9. A new family from the New World (Eupnoi: Phalangioidea). In: WCO-Lite: online world catalogue of harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones). Version 1.0 — Checklist of all valid nomina in Opiliones with authors and dates of publication up to 2018 (Kury et al., ed.): 52-54.
2. (2007): Sclerosomatidae. Simon, 1879. In: Pinto-da-Rocha et al. 2007: 127ff
3. Chen. S. L.. Shih. H. T.. 2018. A review of the harvestman genus Metadentobunus (Opiliones: Sclerosomatidae: Gagrellinae) with a description of a new species from Taiwan. Zoological Studies. 57.