| Swarzędz | |
| Motto: | Dobrze trafiłeś / Good choice |
| Pushpin Map: | Poland |
| Pushpin Label Position: | bottom |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Voivodeship |
| Subdivision Name1: | Greater Poland |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | Poznań |
| Subdivision Type3: | Gmina |
| Subdivision Name3: | Swarzędz |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Marian Szkudlarek |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Established Date: | 14th century |
| Established Title3: | Town rights |
| Established Date3: | 1638 |
| Area Total Km2: | 8.16 |
| Population As Of: | 2006 |
| Population Total: | 29894 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone: | CET |
| Utc Offset: | +1 |
| Timezone Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset Dst: | +2 |
| Coordinates: | 52.4083°N 17.0714°W |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Postal Code: | 62-020 |
| Area Code: | +48 61 |
| Blank Name: | Car plates |
| Blank Info: | PZ |
| Blank1 Name: | Climate |
| Blank1 Info: | Cfb |
| Website: | http://www.swarzedz.pl |
Swarzędz (German: Schwersenz) is a town in west-central Poland with 29,766 inhabitants. It is the seat of a mixed urban-rural commune called Gmina Swarzędz with 40,166 inhabitants. The town is situated in the Poznań metropolitan area, in the Greater Poland Voivodeship (since 1999), having previously been in Poznań Voivodeship (1975–1998).
The town lies directly on the route E92 and includes an aerosport facility run by the Poznań flying club, Wanda Modlibiowska. There are various companies based in the town, in particular carpentry and upholstering businesses. In addition a bicycle path from Poznań runs through the Dębiniec nature reserve and finally through the town to Pobiedziska.
The etymology of Swarzędz is often taken as a proof for the area's importance in the pre-Christian cult of Svarog.
The documentary evidence for a settlement on the site of modern-day Swarzędz comes from 1366. In 1377 there is mention of a rectory in the settlement.
Due to its advantageous location on the route from Poznań to Masovia the town developed well. The settlement was formerly in private ownership. Originally the property of the Łodzia noble family, from the 15th century it passed to the Górka noble family of Łodzia coat of arms. In 1638 the town Grzymałowo, named after the Grzymała coat of arms of its founder, voivode of Kalisz Zygmunt Grudziński, was founded at the site of the village, however, it remained known under the old name Swarzędz.[1] The town rights were confirmed by Polish King Władysław IV Vasa. Combined Łodzia and Grzymała coats of arms are the coat of arms of Swarzędz since. Administratively it was located in the Poznań Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Polish Crown. In the 17th century, guilds for tradesmen and craftsmen were formed.In 1793 during the Second Partition of Poland the town of some 2,508 inhabitants was annexed by Prussia. In 1798, 448 craftsmen lived in the town. Of these, 70 were cloth makers and 36 weavers. In 1807 Swarzędz became part of the Duchy of Warsaw, though when the Duchy collapsed in 1815, the town again fell under Prussian rule. At the end of the 19th century carpentry flourished. In 1887 the town was connected to the railroad from Poznań to Września and thus received another important means of transport to other parts of the country, together with the road from Warsaw to Poznań. To resist Germanisation policies, the Polish population founded various organizations, including the "Sokół" Polish Gymnastic Society.[2] In 1905 local Polish industrialist Antoni Tabaka founded a carpentry workshop.[3] In 1906–1907 local Polish school children joined the strike against Germanisation, inspired by the Września children strike.
Poland regained independence after World War I on November 11, 1918, and two days later local Poles founded a Polish council under leadership of Tadeusz Staniewski,[4] and began preparations to rejoin Poland. In January 1919, the first volunteers set out from Swarzędz to fight in the Greater Poland Uprising, the aim of which was to reunite the region with Poland.[4] The town was soon successfully restored to Poland. In the interbellum the workshop of Antoni Tabaka grew into a large furniture factory, the first mechanized furniture factory in Poland, and its products enjoyed great popularity also abroad.[3] In 1934 town limits were expanded.[5]
During World War II, from 1939 to 1945, the town was under German occupation. Poles were subjected to expulsions, carried out in late 1939 and in 1940.[6] The local furniture factory was seized by the occupiers and handed over to Germans, while its owner was expelled to Warsaw, and later also imprisoned in the Mauthausen concentration camp, where he died of exhaustion in 1945.[3] Tadeusz Staniewski, mayor of Swarzędz, was imprisoned and tortured by the Germans in the infamous Fort VII in Poznań and afterwards deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp, where he was killed in August 1940.[7] Stanisław Kwaśniewski, commander of the 1919 Swarzędz insurgent unit, was killed by the Germans in Fort VII.[8] From 1941 to 1943 a Nazi German labour camp for Jews was located in the town.
In 1988 Swarzędz was awarded with the Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta, one of Poland's highest state orders.[9]
There is a railway station in Swarzędz. The town has railway connections with major Polish cities such as Poznań, Warsaw, Łódź and Szczecin.
The local football club is . It competes in the lower leagues.