Sayf al-Din Tatar explained

Sayf al-Din Tatar
Succession:Sultan of Egypt and Syria
Reign:29 August 1421 – 30 November 1421
Predecessor:Al-Muzaffar Ahmad
Successor:Al-Nasir al-Din Muhammad
Spouse:Khawand Sa'adat
Birth Date:unknown
Death Date:30 November 1421

Sayf al-Din Tatar (Arabic: الظاهر سيف الدين ططر; d. 30 November 1421) was a Mamluk sultan of Egypt from 29 August to 30 November 1421.[1] [2]

Biography

Of Circassian descent, Tatar arrived in Cairo around 1399 as a young slave. He managed to carve out a path to prominence and eventually ascending to the rank of Emir. Even prior to the funeral of Sultan Al-Mu'ayyad Shaykh, he solidified his standing among the Mamluk elite and swiftly assumed control as regent for the young Sultan Al-Muzaffar Ahmad.

However, Tatar's rise to power wasn't without opposition. The viceroy of Damascus rebelled against his de facto authority, only to be subdued by his forces. Following his victory, Tatar seized Damascus, eliminating many of his adversaries and marrying the mother of the young sultan, Khawand Sa'adat. He eventually dethroned the sultan at the Citadel of Damascus on August 29, 1421, claiming the Mamluk throne for himself before returning to Cairo.

However, he contracted a chronic illness, and his health declined rapidly, culminating in his demise on November 30, 1421. Just two days prior, he designated his son, Al-Nasir al-Din Muhammad, as his successor to the throne.

Family

One of his wives was the daughter of Qutlubugha Hajji al-Banaqusi al-Turkmani al-Halabi. They together had one daughter, Khawand Fatima,[3] who married Sultan Barsbay,[4] and died on 30 August 1469.[5] Another wife was the daughter of Sudun al-Faqih. Another wife was Khawand Sa'adat.[6] She was the daughter of Sirghitmish, and had been previously married to Sultan Al-Mu'ayyad Shaykh. They married on 4 August 1421. She died in 1430.[7] He had one son, An-Nasir ad-Din Muhammad, who reigned between 1421 and 1422.[8] Another daughter was Sitt al-Muluk. She was married to Yashbak as-Suduni, the commander-in-chief.[9] [10]

Sources

Notes and References

  1. Egypt/3 History . 09 . 80 - 130; see page 102, para (7) . Period of Burjī Mamelukes & "Timur in Syria.".
  2. Book: Eduard von Zambaur. معجم الأنساب والأسرات الحاكمة في التاريخ الإسلامي للمستشرق زامباور. IslamKotob. 1980. Beirut. ar. 163.
  3. Book: Ben-Bassat, Y. . Developing Perspectives in Mamluk History: Essays in Honor of Amalia Levanoni . Brill . Islamic History and Civilization . 2017 . 978-90-04-34505-8.
  4. Akkuş Yiğit . Fatma . Memlûk Sarayında Tek Eşlilik ve Çok Eşlilik Üzerine Bir İnceleme . Journal of International Social Research . The Journal of International Social Research . 9 . 43 . 2016-04-20 . 1307-9581 . 10.17719/jisr.20164317631 . 560.
  5. Book: Keddie . N.R. . Baron . B. . Women in Middle Eastern History: Shifting Boundaries in Sex and Gender . Yale University Press . 2008 . 978-0-300-15746-8 . 131.
  6. Book: Taghrībirdī . A.M.Y.I. . Popper . W. . History of Egypt, 1382-1469 A.D.: 1412-1422 A.D . University of California Press . 1954 . 142.
  7. D'hulster . Kristof . Steenbergen . Jo Van . Family Matters: The Family-In-Law Impulse in Mamluk Marriage Policy . Annales Islamologiques . 47 . 61–82 . 2021-11-30.
  8. Book: Petry, C.F. . The Cambridge History of Egypt . Cambridge University Press . Cambridge histories online . v. 1 . 2008 . 978-0-521-06885-7 . 520.
  9. Book: Taghrībirdī . A.M.Y.I. . Popper . W. . Fischel . W.J. . History of Egypt: An Extract from Abū L-Mahāsin Ibn Taghrī Birdī's Chronicle Entitled Hawādith Ad-Duhūr Fī Madā L-'Ayyām Wash-Shuhūr (845-854., A.H., A.D. 1441-1450) . American Oriental Society . American oriental series: Essay . 1967 . 23.
  10. Book: Conermann, S. . Everything is on the Move: The Mamluk Empire as a Node in (trans-)regional Networks . V&R Unipress . Mamluk studies . 2014 . 978-3-8471-0274-8 . 102.