Santara dynasty explained

Conventional Long Name:Chahamanas of Shakambhari
Common Name:Chahamanas of Shakambhari
Year Start:7th century
Year End:18th century
Capital:Humcha & Kalasa
Government Type:Monarchy
S1:Nayakas of Keladi
Religion:Jainism
Today:Karnataka

Santara or Bhairarasa[1] was a medieval ruling dynasty of Karnataka, India.[2] The area covered by their kingdom included territories in the Malenadu region as well as the coastal districts of Karnataka.[3] Their kingdom had two capitals. Karkala in the coastal plains and Kalasa in the Western ghats. Hence the territory they ruled was also known as the Kalasa-Karkala kingdom. The Santaras were Jains and had matrimonial relations with the Saivite Alupa royal family. The Santaras became the feudatories of the Vijayanagara Empire after its rise. During this period, the Santara ruler Veera Pandya Bhairarasa erected the monolith of Bahubali in Karkala. The dynasty passed into oblivion after invasions by the Nayakas of Keladi and later by Hyder Ali.

Origins

Jinadatta Raya or Jindutt Rai, a Jain prince from Mathura in Northern India was the supposed founder of the dynasty.[4] He is said to have migrated to the town of Humcha with an idol of the Jain deity Padmavati laying the foundation of the kingdom in Humcha. He also built the Humcha Jain temples.

The dynasty founded by Jinadatta appears to have split into two branches by the 12 century C.E. One branch being stationed in Kalasa and another in Hosagunda of Shimoga district. Gradually these branches shifted their capitals to Keravashe and Karkala both in the old South Canara district.

The Santaras built a number of Jain monuments and were responsible for the spread of Jainism in the Tulu Nadu and Malenadu region of Karnataka. They donated two villages for maintenance of Jain monks at Panchakuta basadi at Nagar taluq of Shimoga district.

References

Sources

Notes and References

  1. Alternate forms of the dynasty's name include Santha, Santa, Santhara. The kings of the dynasty also attached titles like Pandya and Odeya to their names.
  2. Book: Chavan. Shakuntala Prakash. Jainism in Southern Karnataka Up to AD 1565. 2005. D.K. Printworld. 9788124603154. 181–183. 24 February 2018.
  3. Web site: Prabhu. Ganesh. Karkala gears up for 'Mahamastakabhisheka'. https://web.archive.org/web/20020322112148/http://thehindu.com/2002/02/04/stories/2002020400820400.htm. dead. 22 March 2002. The Hindu. 2002-02-04. 24 February 2018.
  4. Web site: Jaganathan. Rijutha. Humcha's Jain heritage. www.deccanherald.com. 21 August 2017. Deccan Herald. 24 February 2018.