| Santa Rosa de Ocopa | |
| Native Name Lang: | es |
| Settlement Type: | District |
| Mapsize: | frameless |
| Coordinates: | -11.877°N -75.295°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Peru |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Junín |
| Subdivision Type2: | Province |
| Subdivision Name2: | Concepción |
| Parts Type: | Subdivisions |
| Parts Style: | para |
| Established Title: | Founded |
| Established Date: | August 29, 1921 |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Santa Rosa |
| Leader Title: | Mayor |
| Leader Name: | Humberto Ricardo Perez Sarapura |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Total Km2: | 16.1 |
| Elevation M: | 3376 |
| Population Total: | 2091 |
| Population As Of: | 2017 Census |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | PET |
| Utc Offset1: | -5 |
| Blank Name Sec1: | UBIGEO |
| Blank Info Sec1: | 120215 |
Santa Rosa de Ocopa is the name of a district of Concepción province, Department of Junin in Peru. It is also the name of the capital of the district, and the name of a historic monastery in the district called the Convent of Santa Rosa de Ocopa.[1] In 2017, the district had a population of 2,129 and an area of 16.1sqkm. The capital of the district, the town of Santa Rosa, had a population of 1,263 in 2017 and an elevation of 3376m (11,076feet) above sea level.[2] The name "Ocopa" comes from the Quechua "ocupi," meaning "within" or "corner."[3]
Santa Rosa de Ocopa is located in the Mantaro Valley. The valley has a large area of arable land, unusual in the high altitudes of the Andes. Dating back to Pre-Columbian times, the Mantaro Valley has been a breadbasket for the people of the Andes.[4]
Santa Rosa was a place of importance after the Franciscans established the Convent of Santa Rosa de Ocopa in 1725 as a college of missionaries with the objective of converting to Christianity the indigenous people living in the Amazon Basin, especially in the Cerro de la Sal and the Gran Pajonal regions. The convent is located in the northern outskirts of the town of Santa Rosa. In the 21st century, the extensive compound making up the convent houses a museum with a library of 25,000 volumes, some from the 15th century, a large collection of paintings, many of them dating to the 18th century, and a natural history museum. The convent is a popular tourist destination.[5]
At the height of its importance about 1800, Ocopa was the "largest missionary operation in the Americas, serving more than seventy parishes and missions over a vast swath of South America." Three hundred and two of the missionaries assigned to the Ocopa convent during the 18th and early 19th century were Spanish-born and they constituted the great majority of all the Ocopa missionaries. The Spanish influence caused political problems for the convent during the independence movements in South America. On 1 November 1824, revolutionary leader Simon Bolivar captured the convent and confiscated its wealth and arrested the missionaries. The convent was reconstituted in 1836, but had lost its importance.[6]
Located a few yards from the convent are the ruins of Ocupi, an archaeological site of the Huanca dating from 1100 CE to 1470 CE.[3]