| Official Name: | Sennar |
| Pushpin Map: | Sudan |
| Pushpin Label Position: | bottom |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Sudan |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Sudan |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Sinnar State |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
| Population As Of: | 2007 |
| Population Total: | 143,059 |
| Population Blank1 Title: | Ethnicities |
| Population Blank2 Title: | Religions |
| Coordinates: | 13.55°N 68°W |
Sennar (Arabic: سنار ) is a city on the Blue Nile in Sudan and possibly the capital of the state of Sennar.[1] For several centuries it was the capital of the Funj Kingdom of Sennar and until at least 2011, Sennar was the capital of Sennar State.
The French traveler Charles-Jacques Poncet, who visited Sennar near the end of the 17th century, estimated the town had a population of 100,000 inhabitants. However, when the Dutch explorer Juan Maria Schuver travelled through the town in April 1881, he doubted it had "anything like 100,000 inhabitants, when Khartoum, the centre and capital of a tenfold larger country is not able to muster more than a quarter of that number, if we exclude the garrison."[2] He observed that Sennar had declined as trade had over the years shifted to Karkoj, "much more advantageously situated as the terminus of regular navigation, as the natural outlet of the Takruri country between Kassala and Galabat."[2]
The modern town lies SSE of the ruins of the ancient capital of the Funj Kingdom, 300km (200miles) southeast of Khartoum, the Capital of Sudan.
The city is home to Sinnar University, established in 1977.[3] In 2011, the Library of Congress still presented maps indicating that Sennar was the capital of Sennar state,[4] but more recent works indicate that the capital is at Sinja.[5] [6]
Despite receiving over 4000NaN0 of rainfall per year, the extreme heat and high evaporation means Sennar still has a borderline hot arid climate (Köppen BWh) a little below a hot semi-arid climate (BSh).
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
| 1973 (Census) | 28,546 | |
| 1983 (Census) | 42,803 | |
| 1993 (Census) | 72,187 | |
| 2007 (Estimate) | 143,059 |