Sandnes-mål explained
Sandnes-mål, Sandnes dialect or Sandnes Norwegian (Bokmål: Sandnes-mål or Sandnesdialekten) is a dialect of Norwegian used in Sandnes.
Phonology
Consonants
- Between and after vowels, the voiceless plosives pronounced as //p, t, k// are realized as voiced pronounced as /[{{IPAplink|b}}, {{IPAplink|d}}, {{IPAplink|ɡ}}]/.
- pronounced as //ç// merges with pronounced as //ʃ// into pronounced as /link/.
- pronounced as //r// is uvular.
Vowels
Apart from pronounced as //ə//, all short vowels have a long equivalent, which has the same quality as the short vowel (excluding the pronounced as //a–aː// pair).
!colspan=4| Front | Central | Back |
|---|
| unrounded | rounded |
|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | short | long |
|---|
| Close | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ |
|---|
| Mid | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | (pronounced as /link/) | | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ |
|---|
| Open | | pronounced as /link/ | pronounced as /link/ | | |
|---|
- The close vowels pronounced as //i, iː, y, yː, ʉ, ʉː, u, uː// are rather lax (near-close) pronounced as /[{{IPAplink|ɪ}}, {{IPAplink|ɪː}}, {{IPAplink|ʏ}}, {{IPAplink|ʏː}}, {{IPAplink|ʉ̞}}, {{IPAplink|ʉ̞ː}}, {{IPAplink|ʊ}}, {{IPAplink|ʊː}}]/.
- The unrounded–rounded pairs pronounced as //i–y, iː–yː, e–ø, eː–øː// have a very similar backness, and differ mainly by rounding.
- pronounced as //e, eː, ø, øː, ə// are mid pronounced as /[{{IPAplink|e̞}}, {{IPAplink|e̞ː}}, {{IPAplink|ø̞}}, {{IPAplink|ø̞ː}}, {{IPAplink|ə}}]/, whereas pronounced as //ɔ, ɔː// are open-mid pronounced as /[{{IPAplink|ɔ}}, {{IPAplink|ɔː}}]/.
- pronounced as //a, aː// are near-open; the long vowel is central pronounced as /link/, whereas the short vowel is somewhat more front pronounced as /link/.
Starting point!colspan=3| Ending point |
| Front | Central |
|---|
| | |
|---|
| Mid | pronounced as /ei/ | pronounced as /øy/ | pronounced as /øʉ/ | |
|---|
- The components of the diphthongs are phonetically close to the short vowels transcribed with the same symbols, so that pronounced as //ei// is phonetically more or less pronounced as /[e̞ɪ]/, whereas pronounced as //øy// and pronounced as //øʉ// are phonetically more or less, respectively, pronounced as /[ø̞ʏ]/ and pronounced as /[ø̞ʉ̞]/.
Bibliography
External links
Notes and References
- Web site: Older Runic . 2022-05-24 . 2022-11-13 . . Hammarström . Harald . https://web.archive.org/web/20221113105941/https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/olde1239 . 2022-11-13 . live . . Forkel . Robert . Haspelmath . Martin . Bank . Sebastian.
