| Sandar | |
| Herred: | yes |
| Former: | yes |
| Former Name: | Sandeherad herred |
| Former Name1: | Sandeherred herred |
| Idnumber: | 0724 |
| County: | Vestfold |
| District: | Vestfold |
| Capital: | Sandar |
| Established: | 1 Jan 1838 |
| Preceded: | none |
| Disestablished: | 1 Jan 1968 |
| Succeeded: | Sandefjord Municipality |
| Demonym: | Sandehering |
| Language: | Bokmål[1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 120 |
| Population As Of: | 1968 |
| Population Total: | 24898 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Coordinates: | 59.1343°N 10.2244°W |
Sandar (or historically Sandeherred) is a former municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The 120km2[2] municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1968. The area is now part of Sandefjord Municipality. The administrative centre was located at Sandar, right by the Sandar Church in what is now the town of Sandefjord.[3]
Sandar was located in the southern, coastal part of Vestfold county. The European route E18 highway and the Vestfoldbanen railway line both passed through the municipality. The municipality encircled the whole town of Sandefjord until 1968 when they were merged.
The parish of Sandeherred (later spelled Sandar) was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). The original municipality encircled the growing town of Sandefjord. On 1 January 1889, an area of Sandeherred (population: 318) was annexed and became part of the town of Sandefjord. In 1931, another area of Sandeherred (population: 66) was transferred to the town of Sandefjord. In 1950, another area of Sandar (population: 226) was transferred to the town of Sandefjord. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1968, Sandar Municipality (population: 24,898) was merged with the neighboring town of Sandefjord (population: 6,242) to form a new, larger Sandefjord Municipality.[4]
During its existence, Sandar was basically the rural area surrounding an urban town. It had its share of industry, mostly located close to the town border. Many famous corporations now associated with Sandefjord had their origins in Sandar including Jotun, Framnæs Mekaniske Værksted and Sandar Fabrikker (a chemical plant dedicated to refining whale oil).[5]
The municipality (originally the parish) was originally named Sandeherred. The name came from the old Sande farm (Norse, Old: Sandar) since the first Sandar Church was built there. The first element is the plural form of which means "sand" or "sandbanks". The last element was added later. It was derived from the old word which means "district" or "municipality".[6]
Historically, the name of the municipality was spelled Sandeherred. On 3 November 1917, a royal resolution changed the spelling of the name of the municipality to Sandeherad.[7] On 13 March 1931, a royal resolution changed the name of the municipality to Sandar, the original Old Norse name for the old farm.[8]
While it existed, this municipality was responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment, social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[9]
The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Sandar:[10] [11]
The municipal council Norwegian: (Herredsstyre) of Sandar was made up of representatives that were elected to four year terms. The tables below show the historical composition of the council by political party.
. Bygdebok for Sandeherred . . 1918 . Kristiania, Norge . no . Lorens Berg.
. Norske gaardnavne: Jarlsberg og Larviks amt . 1907 . W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri . 6 . Kristiania, Norge . 260 . no . Oluf Rygh.