| San Vicente Creek | |
| Name Other: | Arroyo de San Vicente[1] |
| Pushpin Map: | USA California |
| Pushpin Map Size: | 300 |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location of the mouth of San Vicente Creek in Davenport, California |
| Subdivision Type1: | Country |
| Subdivision Name1: | United States |
| Subdivision Type2: | State |
| Subdivision Name2: | California |
| Subdivision Type3: | Region |
| Subdivision Name3: | Santa Cruz County |
| Subdivision Type4: | Municipality |
| Subdivision Name4: | Davenport, California |
| Source1: | Ben Lomond Mountain in the Santa Cruz Mountains |
| Source1 Coordinates: | 37.1097°N -122.1461°W |
| Source1 Elevation: | 2520feet |
| Mouth: | Pacific Ocean |
| Mouth Coordinates: | 37.0094°N -122.1942°W |
| Mouth Elevation: | 13feet |
| Tributaries Left: | Mill Creek |
San Vicente Creek (Spanish for "St. Vincent") is a 9.3adj=midNaNadj=mid[2] northern California coastal stream which flows entirely within Santa Cruz County. It flows from the Santa Cruz Mountains to the Pacific Ocean.
Originally, there was a tidal marsh at the mouth of San Vicente Creek, but this was filled in by a trestle and rampart built by a collaboration between the Ocean Shore Railway and the Southern Pacific Transportation Company in 1906. The creek was redirected through a tunnel blasted into the rock adjacent to its former course.[3]
Prior to this San Vicente had been the premiere trout fishing stream in the county, so the fill caused some outrage in the local papers. A 1906 editorial in the Santa Cruz Surf at the time said: "The San Vicente Creek, beloved of the angler and the artist, has its mouth stopped by a vast dyke, and its throat choked into a tunnel, a saloon on its border, and its bed for miles denuded of the granite cobbles and sand beds. A sawmill is swiftly cutting out the timber and dirt and debris defile the pools and clog the riffles where lurked the gamey trout."[4]
The San Vicente Creek watershed drains 4500acres.[5] Its waters rise at 2520feet elevation just north of and below the peak of Ben Lomond Mountain in the Santa Cruz Mountains. The creek descends the west-facing slopes of the mountains, picking up one major tributary, Mill Creek. The creek's mouth is at the unincorporated community of Davenport (which had originally been named after the creek).
San Vicente Creek is near the southern boundary of the coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Central California Coast evolutionary significant unit (ESU). The removal of an over 100 year old, 30adj=midNaNadj=mid on its Mill Creek tributary in 2021 removed an impassable barrier to migrating coho salmon and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).[6] The removal allowed durable limestone cobble, that coho salmon rely on for their nests, called redds, to move downstream.[7] Just one year later, in September 2022, 15 federally endangered coho salmon fry were identified in the Mill Creek tributary, for the first time.[8]
San Vicente Creek watershed is regionally unique due to the amount of karst underlying the upper watershed. This geological formation fosters significant water infiltration and subsurface movement, resulting in multiple freshwater springs that provide unusually cool summer water temperatures and high summer baseflows ideal for survival of young oversummering salmonids.[9]