| San Rosendo | |
| Settlement Type: | City and Commune |
| Flag Alt: | Flag |
| Shield Alt: | Coat of arms |
| Map Alt: | Commune of San Rosendo in the Bío Bío Region |
| Pushpin Map Narrow: | yes |
| Pushpin Map: | Chile |
| Pushpin Label Position: | bottom |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Chile |
| Coordinates: | -37.2633°N -72.7242°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Chile |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Bío Bío Region |
| Subdivision Type2: | Province |
| Subdivision Name2: | Bío Bío Province |
| Government Type: | Municipality |
| Government Footnotes: | [1] [2] |
| Leader Party: | RN |
| Leader Title: | Alcalde |
| Leader Name: | Duverlis Valenzuela Martínez |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Area Footnotes: | [3] |
| Area Total Km2: | 92.4 |
| Elevation M: | 68 |
| Population Total: | 3398 |
| Population As Of: | 2012 Census |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Blank1 Title: | Urban |
| Population Blank1: | 3249 |
| Population Blank2 Title: | Rural |
| Population Blank2: | 669 |
| Demographics Type1: | Sex |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Men |
| Demographics1 Info1: | 1,930 |
| Demographics1 Title2: | Women |
| Demographics1 Info2: | 1,988 |
| Timezone: | CLT |
| Utc Offset: | −4 |
| Timezone Dst: | CLST |
| Utc Offset Dst: | −3 |
| Area Code: | 56 + 43 |
San Rosendo (pronounced as /es/) is a Chilean city and commune in Bío Bío Province, Bío Bío Region.
The city of San Rosendo lies on the gentle slopes of a hill overlooking the confluence of the rivers Bío Bío and Laja, which respectively bound the city to the west and south. On the opposite bank of the Laja River is the city of Laja, forming both an incipient conurbation.
San Rosendo was first a fort built by the Royal Governor Martín García Óñez de Loyola in 1593. It was destroyed and burned by the Mapuche in 1655, it recovered later but did not survive the rising of the Mapuche in 1723. The current settlement grew up around the railroad station in the same location in the later 19th century.[4]
According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, San Rosendo spans an area of 92.4sqkm and has 3,918 inhabitants (1,930 men and 1,988 women). Of these, 3,249 (82.9%) lived in urban areas and 669 (17.1%) in rural areas. The population fell by 10.4% (457 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.[3]
As a commune, San Rosendo is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2008-2012 alcalde is Duverlis Valenzuela Martínez (RN).[1] [2]
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, San Rosendo is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Juan Lobos (UDI) and José Pérez (PRSD) as part of the 47th electoral district, together with Los Ángeles, Tucapel, Antuco, Quilleco, Santa Bárbara, Quilaco, Mulchén, Negrete, Nacimiento, Laja and Alto Bío Bío. The commune is represented in the Senate by Victor Pérez Varela (UDI) and Mariano Ruiz-Esquide Jara (PDC) as part of the 13th senatorial constituency (Biobío-Coast).