San Pablo (volcano) explained

San Pablo
Map:Chile
Elevation M:6110
Elevation Ref:[1]
Parent Peak:San Pedro
Prominence M:808
Prominence Ref:[2]
Location:Chile
Range:Andes
Coordinates:-21.8839°N -68.3425°W
Type:Stratovolcano
First Ascent:September 1910 by Hans Berger (Germany)[3] [4] [5]
Easiest Route:North side to col then west slopes

San Pablo is a dormant volcano located in the Antofagasta Region of Chile, near the Bolivia border. It is joined to the younger San Pedro volcano by a high col. It is located in the Chilean province of El Loa, city of Calama and Ollagüe.[6]

San Pablo was active in pre-glacial times. After that period, glaciations formed a girdle of moraines and the mountain was covered by ash fall from neighbouring San Pedro.[7] Its central crater was eroded and a glacier formed inside. The volcano itself is formed by three groups of andesite lavas which variously contain pyroxene or hornblende; these groups are known as the Lower Group, the Middle Group and the Summit Group.[8]

First Ascent

San Pablo was first climbed by Hans Berger (Germany) in September 1910.[3] [4]

Elevation

It has an official height of 6050 meters.[9] Other data from available digital elevation models: SRTM yields 6098 metres,[10] ASTER 6076 metres[11] and TanDEM-X 6143 metres.[12] The height of the nearest key col is 5302 meters, leading to a topographic prominence of 808 meters.[13] San Pablo is considered a Mountain Subgroup according to the Dominance System [14] and its dominance is 13.22%. Its parent peak is San Pedro and the Topographic isolation is 5.1 kilometers.[13]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Cumbres en Zona Fronteriza: Volcán San Pablo . 9 February 2012 . Chilean Government - Difrol . es . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120316001647/http://www.difrol.cl/index.php?option=com_difrol&tabla=cumbres&tarea=mostrar&id=14&Itemid=25 . 16 March 2012.
  2. Web site: San Pablo . Andes Specialists . en . 2020-04-12 . 2022-11-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221121105830/https://www.andes-specialists.com/san-pablo-6110/ . live .
  3. Book: Le Ande Fantin . 105.
  4. Evelio Echeverría . 1963 . AAJ (American Alpine Journal) . AAJ (American Alpine Journal) . 428 .
  5. Web site: San Pablo . Andes Website . 2020-06-22 . 2013-06-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130629062937/http://www.andes.org.uk/andes-information-files/6000m-peaks.asp . live .
  6. Web site: rbenavente . Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional SIIT Mapas vectoriales . 2020-04-30 . bcn.cl . en . 2020-06-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200621205535/https://www.bcn.cl/siit/mapas_vectoriales/index_html . live .
  7. O'callaghan . L. J. . Francis . P. W. . 1986-03-01 . Volcanological and petrological evolution of San Pedro volcano, Provincia EI Loa, North Chile . Journal of the Geological Society . 143 . 2 . 277 . 10.1144/gsjgs.143.2.0275 . 1986JGSoc.143..275O . 129912382 . 0016-7649 . 2017-07-09 . 2017-08-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170815121509/http://jgs.lyellcollection.org/content/143/2/275 . live .
  8. Francis . P. W. . Roobol . M. J. . Walker . G. P. L. . Cobbold . P. R. . Coward . M. . 1974-01-01 . The San Pedro and San Pablo volcanoes of northern Chile and their hot avalanche deposits . Geologische Rundschau . en . 63 . 1 . 357–388 . 10.1007/BF01820994 . 1974GeoRu..63..357F . 128960834 . 0016-7835.
  9. Web site: 14 April 2020 . IGM Chile . IGM Chile . 14 April 2020 . 16 April 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200416212722/https://www.igm.cl/ . live .
  10. Web site: USGS . EROS Archive . USGS EROS Archive - Digital Elevation - SRTM Coverage Maps . 12 April 2020 . 12 September 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210912133341/https://www.usgs.gov/centers/eros/science/usgs-eros-archive-digital-elevation-srtm-coverage-maps?qt-science_center_objects=4#qt-science_center_objects . live .
  11. Web site: ASTER GDEM Project . 2020-04-14 . ssl.jspacesystems.or.jp . 2022-10-12 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221012192344/https://gbank.gsj.jp/madas/map/index.html . live .
  12. Web site: TanDEM-X . TerraSAR-X . Copernicus Space Component Data Access . 12 April 2020 . 12 April 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200412222329/https://spacedata.copernicus.eu/web/cscda/missions/tandem-x . dead .
  13. Web site: San Pablo . 2020-04-12 . Andes Specialists . en . 2022-11-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221121105830/https://www.andes-specialists.com/san-pablo-6110/ . live .
  14. Web site: Dominance - Page 2 . 2020-04-12 . www.8000ers.com . 2020-04-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200422142400/http://www.8000ers.com/cms/en/dominance-mainmenu-178.html?start=1 . live .

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