| Honorific-Prefix: | The Hon. |
| Samuel Sylvester Mills | |
| Office: | Senator for Ontario |
| Appointed: | Royal Proclamation |
| Term Start: | October 23, 1867 |
| Term End: | January 24, 1874 |
| Office2: | Member of the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada |
| Term Start2: | 1849 |
| Term End2: | 1867 |
| Birth Date: | 1 December 1806 |
| Birth Place: | Hamilton, Upper Canada |
| Death Place: | Hamilton, Ontario |
| Party: | Conservative |
Samuel Sylvester Mills (December 1, 1806 - January 24, 1874) was a Canadian businessman and politician.
He was born in Burlington Bay, later Hamilton, in Upper Canada in 1806. He went into the business of selling hardware, also expanding into shipping, construction, mills and real estate, and quickly became one of the richest people in the area at the time. He served on the town council for Hamilton. Mills also served as president of the Gore Bank. In 1849, he was appointed to the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada. At Confederation in 1867, he was appointed to the Senate of Canada. He died while still in office at Hamilton in 1874.
He donated land to the city of Hamilton for use as a cemetery, which later became part of Harvey Park.