| Samuel Leland Montague | |
| Office: | Mayor of Cambridge, Massachusetts |
| Term Start: | January 1878 |
| Term End: | January 1880 |
| Successor: | James Morris Whiton Hall |
| Term Start2: | 1875 |
| Term End2: | 1876 |
| Term Start3: | 1873 |
| Term End3: | 1874 |
| Party: | Republican |
| Birth Date: | May 4, 1829 |
| Death Date: | January 16, 1869 |
| Spouse: | Annie Maria Burchsted, m. December 23, 1852, d. September 12, 1854; Mary Elizabeth Burchsted, m. May 4, 1856. |
| Children: | Annie Sybil Montague; Charles Hibbard Montague; Mary Noyes Montague. |
Samuel Leland Montague (May 4, 1829 – January 16, 1897) was a Massachusetts politician who served on the Common Council, the Board of Aldermen and as the Mayor of Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Montague was born in Montague, Massachusetts on May 4, 1829, to Simeon and Sybil (Leland) Montague. He married Ann Maria Bucksted on December 23, 1853, who died less than a year later on September 12, 1854. After her death, he married Mary Elizabeth Bucksted. They had two children, Charles H. and Annie S. Montague.