Same-sex marriage in the Isle of Man explained

Same-sex marriage has been legal in the Isle of Man since 22 July 2016. Legislation to open marriage to same-sex couples passed the House of Keys on 8 March 2016 and the Legislative Council on 26 April. It received royal assent on 13 July and took effect on 22 July. The Isle of Man was the first Crown Dependency of the United Kingdom to legalise same-sex marriage.

The Isle of Man has recognised same-sex civil partnerships providing several, but not all, of the rights and benefits of marriage since 6 April 2011.

Civil partnerships

As of 2005, couples who have entered into a civil partnership in the United Kingdom are recognised by the Department of Health and Social Care for pension purposes. The other rights of a civil partnership were not provided.[1] In March 2009, Chief Minister Tony Brown announced that civil partnerships, known in Manx as Manx: commeeys theayagh (in Manx pronounced as /kʰoˈmiːs tθiə̯x/),[2] or Manx: shesheeys theayagh (pronounced as /gv/), would be introduced in the Isle of Man in October 2009. This bill would be modelled on the UK one, providing same-sex couples with nearly all of the rights and responsibilities of marriage.[3]

In February 2010, the civil partnership bill was introduced by the Manx Government and had its first reading in the House of Keys.[4] [5] [6] [7] [8] The bill was passed 19 to 3 in its second reading on 30 March.[9] [10] Further progress towards the passage of the bill was due to have taken place on 27 April, but was delayed for technical reasons.[11] The bill passed the clauses stage on 25 May,[12] [13] and was approved in its third reading on 22 June.[14] [15] On 29 June, the bill had its first reading in the Legislative Council.[16] It passed second reading on 26 October,[17] the clauses stage on 9 November,[18] and third reading on 23 November.[19] The legislation was signed into law on 15 March 2011 by Lieutenant Governor Paul Haddacks,[20] [21] and took effect on 6 April 2011.[22] [23]

Same-sex marriages from England, Wales and Scotland were recognised as civil partnerships on the island from 2014 until legalisation in July 2016.[24] In 2016, along with the legalisation of same-sex marriage, civil partnerships were opened to opposite-sex couples.[25]

Same-sex marriage

On 9 June 2015, Chief Minister Allan Bell announced his intention to repeal the law barring same-sex marriage on the island.[26] On 21 July, Bell ruled out holding a referendum on the issue.[27] [28] On 2 October 2015, the Chief Minister announced a public consultation on the issue to take place between 15 October and 13 November, with a bill allowing same-sex couples to marry to be introduced to Tynwald in 2016, depending on the results of the consultation.[29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] In November 2015, Bell announced that the same-sex marriage bill would have its first reading in Tynwald in December 2015 and would be implemented in 2016.[35] On 19 December, Bell said that the bill would be submitted to the House of Keys in January, with the intention of having the law take effect by summer 2016.[36] The government response to the public consultation was published on 22 January, with the Council of Ministers recommending that the bill be promptly introduced to the House of Keys for consideration.[37] [38] [39]

The bill had its first reading in the House of Keys on 2 February 2016.[40] [41] [42] On 9 February, the bill passed its second reading by a 18–4 vote.[43] [44]

9 February 2016 vote in the House of Keys (2nd reading)[45]
Political affiliation Voted for Voted against Abstained/Not present
Liberal Vannin Party--
Total42

The measure passed the clauses stage on 1 March.[46] [47] [48] Several amendments which would have allowed registrars to opt out of conducting same-sex marriages were rejected. One amendment the House did agree to was an amendment to allow opposite-sex couples to enter into civil partnerships.[46] [47] [48] Consequently, the bill was renamed the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Amendment) Bill 2016.[46] [49] On 8 March, the bill was approved in its third reading in a 17–3 vote.[50] [51]

8 March 2016 vote in the House of Keys (3rd reading)[52]
Political affiliation Voted for Voted against Abstained/Not present
Liberal Vannin Party--
Total34

On 22 March, the bill passed its first reading in the Legislative Council in a 6–3 vote.[53] [54] On 12 April, the bill passed through both the second reading, in a 5–3 vote, and the clauses stage, with three amendments proposed by Attorney General John Quinn.[55] The bill was approved in its final reading on 26 April by a vote of 6–3.[56] [57] [58]

26 April 2016 vote in the Legislative Council (3rd reading)[59] [60] [61]
Political affiliation Voted for Voted against Abstained/Not present
Elected members-
Ex-officio members-
Total32

On 10 May, the House of Keys approved the council's amendments in a unanimous 22 to 0 vote.[62]

The bill was signed in Tynwald Court on 21 June, officially becoming the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Amendment) Act 2016 (Manx: Slattys Poosee as Shesheeys Theayagh (Lhiasaghey) 2016,[63] pronounced as /gv/).[64] [65] Some media reported that the bill was expected to be promulgated on 5 July, but it was delayed due a legal challenge lodged with the Privy Council. However, the Cabinet Office stated that the bill would receive royal assent in the Privy Council, and be officially proclaimed during the Tynwald sitting on 19 July.[66] The Chief Minister said that the UK European Union membership referendum was the reason for the delay, and that the law would take effect on 22 July.[67] The law indeed received royal assent by Lieutenant Governor Adam Wood in the Privy Council on 13 July and was proclaimed on 19 July.[68] [69] [70] [71] It took effect three days later.[72] [73] The first same-sex marriage to be registered on the Isle of Man was that of Marc and Alan Steffan-Cowell, who converted their civil partnership into a marriage on 25 July 2016.[74] The first same-sex marriage ceremony on the island occurred on 30 July between Luke Carine and Zak Tomlinson in the coastal town of Ramsey.[75] [76]

Subsequent changes

In August 2023, Tanya Marie August-Hanson announced her intention to introduce legislation granting automatic recognition to same-sex parents of a child born after fertility treatment. Currently, only the biological parent is automatically recognised on the child's birth certificate. The proposal would bring the Isle of Man's laws in line with the United Kingdom's Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008.[77]

Statistics

There were 351 marriages performed on the Isle of Man in 2018, of which 6 (1.7%) were between same-sex couples.[78]

Religious performance

The second largest Christian denomination on the island, the Methodist Church of Great Britain, has allowed its ministers to conduct same-sex marriages since 2021. The Methodist Conference voted 254 to 46 in favour of the move in June 2021. A freedom of conscience clause allows ministers with objections to opt out of performing same-sex weddings.[79] [80] In November 2023, two congregations of the Methodist Church, the Trinity Methodist Church and the Promenade Methodist Church, both in Douglas, announced they would be performing same-sex marriages in their local churches.[81] [82] [83]

The smaller United Reformed Church has allowed its churches to perform same-sex marriages since 2016.[84]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: THE CIVIL PARTNERSHIP ACT 2004 (APPLICATION) (No. 2) ORDER 2005. Isle of Man Government. 4 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20120331091234/http://www.gov.im/lib/docs/ipa/pension/sd743_05thecivilpartnershipact2.pdf. 31 March 2012.
  2. Web site: IoM opposite sex civil partnership will not be recognised by the UK. Manx Radio. 9 November 2016.
  3. Web site: Chief minister pledges action on civil partnership bill. IOM Today. 4 March 2009. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160312203200/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/politics/chief-minister-pledges-action-on-civil-partnership-bill-1-1790008. 12 March 2016.
  4. Web site: Isle of Man to consider civil partnerships for gay couples. PinkNews. Jessica. Geen. 22 February 2010. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051241/http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2010/02/22/isle-of-man-to-consider-civil-partnerships-for-gay-couples/. 4 March 2016.
  5. Web site: Isle of Man to consider civil partnership bill. BBC News. 22 February 2010. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160306101910/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/isle_of_man/8528453.stm. 6 March 2016.
  6. Web site: Civil Partnerships Bill to progress. Energy FM. 26 March 2010. 4 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20120330082444/http://www.energyfm.net/cms/news_story_96708.html. 30 March 2012.
  7. Web site: Civil Partnership Bill to go before Keys later this month. IOM Today. 1 March 2010. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235050/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/civil-partnership-bill-to-go-before-keys-later-this-month-1-1745566. 3 March 2016.
  8. Web site: HOUSE OF KEYS VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS Tuesday 23 February 2010. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215225008/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/vp/VP/kv23022010.pdf. 15 February 2016.
  9. Web site: 30 Mar 2010 House of Keys Hansard. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215225222/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/kh30032010.pdf. 15 February 2016.
  10. Web site: Are dark days of intolerance over?. IOM Today. 8 April 2010. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303063556/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/are-dark-days-of-intolerance-over-1-1746152. 3 March 2016.
  11. Web site: Isle of Man civil partnership bill debate delayed. BBC News. 27 April 2010. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160306003535/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/isle_of_man/8647815.stm. 6 March 2016.
  12. Web site: 25 May 2010 House of Keys Hansard. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160312210305/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/kh25052010.pdf. 12 March 2016.
  13. Web site: Civil Partnership bill progresses through Keys. IOM Today. 27 May 2010. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303064102/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/civil-partnership-bill-progresses-through-keys-1-1746929. 3 March 2016.
  14. Web site: HOUSE OF KEYS VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS Tuesday 22 June 2010. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215225212/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/vp/VP/kv22062010.pdf. 15 February 2016.
  15. Web site: Keys continues to support Civil Partnership Bill. Manx Telecom. 23 June 2010. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160224135435/http://www.isleofman.com/News/details/27112/keys-continues-to-support-civil-partnership-bill. 24 February 2016.
  16. Web site: LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS TUESDAY 29TH JUNE 2010. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215225029/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/vp/VP/cv29062010.pdf. 15 February 2016.
  17. Web site: LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS TUESDAY 26TH OCTOBER 2010. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160312211810/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/vp/VP/cv26102010.pdf. 12 March 2016.
  18. Web site: LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS TUESDAY 9TH NOVEMBER 2010. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215225232/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/vp/VP/cv09112010.pdf. 15 February 2016.
  19. Web site: 23 Nov 2010 House of Keys Hansard. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215225218/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/c101123.pdf. 15 February 2016.
  20. Web site: Isle of Man gay couples get right to civil partnership. BBC News. Sarah. Corker. 15 March 2011. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160128181811/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-isle-of-man-12746993. 28 January 2016.
  21. Web site: Civil Partnership Bill Given Royal Assent. 3FM. 15 March 2011. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035156/http://www.three.fm/news/isle-of-man-news/civil-partnership-bill-given-royal-assent/. 4 March 2016.
  22. Web site: Isle of Man gay couples can register for civil partnership. BBC News. 6 April 2011. 24 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160112010241/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-isle-of-man-12982708. 12 January 2016.
  23. Web site: Civil Partnership legislation officially introduced today. 3FM. 6 April 2011. 11 January 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215021550/http://www.three.fm/news/isle-of-man-news/civil-partnership-legislation-officially-introduced-today/. 15 February 2016.
  24. News: Same-sex marriages to be treated as civil partnerships in Isle of Man. 24 June 2014. IOM Today. Jackie. Turley. https://web.archive.org/web/20160310134028/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/same-sex-marriages-to-be-treated-as-civil-partnerships-in-isle-of-man-1-6691060. 10 March 2016.
  25. News: Island better than UK for equality now. IOMToday. 22 July 2016. 22 July 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160722133233/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/island-better-than-uk-for-equality-now-1-8027198. 22 July 2016.
  26. Web site: Chief Minister looks to legalise same-sex marriage. 3FM. 9 June 2015. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20150709020109/http://www.three.fm/news/isle-of-man-news/chief-minister-looks-to-legalise-same-sex-marriage/. 9 July 2015.
  27. Web site: 21 Jul 2015 Tynwald Hansard. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20151208153411/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/t150721.pdf. 8 December 2015.
  28. Web site: No referendum on same-sex marriage says Chief. 3FM. 22 July 2015. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122702/http://www.three.fm/news/isle-of-man-news/no-referendum-on-same-sex-marriage-says-chief/. 4 March 2016.
  29. Web site: Isle of Man chief minister backs same-sex marriage bill. 2 October 2015. BBC News. 2 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160130170002/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-isle-of-man-34425929. 30 January 2016.
  30. Web site: Isle of Man to hold consultation on same-sex marriage proposals. 2 October 2015. ITV. 2 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151203115757/http://www.itv.com/news/granada/2015-10-02/isle-of-man-to-hold-consultation-on-same-sex-marriage-proposals/. 3 December 2015.
  31. Web site: Consultation to be held on same sex marriage. 2 October 2015. Isle of Man Government. 3 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060051/https://www.gov.im/news/2015/oct/02/consultation-to-be-held-on-same-sex-marriage/. 4 March 2016.
  32. Web site: Consultation paper on same-sex marriage for Manx couples. 15 October 2015. IOM Today . 15 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090513/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/consultation-paper-on-same-sex-marriage-for-manx-couples-1-7517557. 4 March 2016.
  33. Web site: Consultations – Marriage of Same Sex Couples. 15 October 2015. Isle of Man Government. 15 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063853/https://www.gov.im/ConsultationDetail.gov?id=536. 4 March 2016.
  34. Web site: Same sex marriage consultation document published. 15 October 2015. Isle of Man Government. 15 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111911/https://www.gov.im/news/2015/oct/15/same-sex-marriage-consultation-document-published/. 4 March 2016.
  35. Web site: Summer target for same sex marriage law. 3FM. 11 November 2015. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304124226/http://www.three.fm/news/isle-of-man-news/summer-target-for-same-sex-marriage-law/. 4 March 2016.
  36. Web site: Summer target for same sex marriages. 3FM. 19 December 2015. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122129/http://www.three.fm/news/isle-of-man-news/summer-target-for-same-sex-marriages/. 4 March 2016.
  37. Web site: Response to the consultation on the draft Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Bill. 22 January 2016. 12 March 2016. Isle of Man Government Cabinet Office. https://web.archive.org/web/20160130143445/https://www.gov.im/lib/docs/co/consultations/marriagesamesexcouplesbillg1.pdf. 30 January 2016.
  38. Web site: Most back same sex marriage law. IOM Today. 22 January 2016. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160204071538/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/most-back-same-sex-marriage-law-1-7691962. 4 February 2016.
  39. Web site: Same sex marriage proposals split opinion in the Isle of Man. BBC News. 25 January 2016. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160229205448/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-isle-of-man-35401315. 29 February 2016 .
  40. Web site: 02 Feb 2016 House of Keys Hansard. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215224122/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/k160202.pdf. 15 February 2016.
  41. Web site: Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Bill 2016. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215224133/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/bills/Bills/Marriage_(Same_Sex_Couples)_Bill_2016.pdf. 15 February 2016.
  42. Web site: MARRIAGE (SAME SEX COUPLES) BILL 2016 – EXPLANATORY NOTES. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215224145/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/bills/Bills/Marriage_(Same_Sex_Couples)_Bill_2016-Notes.pdf. 15 February 2016.
  43. Web site: Step forward for same-sex marriage plans. 3FM. 10 February 2016. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160312230533/http://www.three.fm/news/isle-of-man-news/step-forward-for-same-sex-marriage-plans/. 12 March 2016.
  44. Web site: 09 Feb 2016 House of Keys Hansard. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160302203330/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/k160209.pdf. 2 March 2016.
  45. Web site: House of Keys Official Hansard Report (pages 28-54). 9 February 2016. 13 December 2016.
  46. Web site: 01 Mar 2016 House of Keys Hansard. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160307005428/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/k160301.pdf. 7 March 2016.
  47. Web site: Landmark for same sex marriage bill. 1 March 2016. Manx Radio. https://web.archive.org/web/20160302111118/http://www.manxradio.com/news/isle-of-man-news/landmark-for-same-sex-marriage-bill/. 2 March 2016.
  48. Web site: Same sex marriage opt outs rejected . Darbyshire, Adrian . Isle of Man Today . 4 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160306180323/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/same-sex-marriage-opt-outs-rejected-1-7768987. 6 March 2016.
  49. Web site: Marriage and Civil Partnership (Amendment) Bill 2016. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215225/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/bills/Bills/Marriage_%28Same_Sex_Couples%29_Bill_2016-amended.pdf. 3 March 2016.
  50. Web site: 08 Mar 2016 House of Keys Hansard. Tynwald. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160310013209/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/k160308.pdf. 10 March 2016.
  51. Web site: Isle of Man equal marriage law more progressive than UK, says Peter Tatchell. The Guardian. Frances. Perraudin. 9 March 2016. 12 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160310135456/http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/mar/09/isle-of-man-equal-marriage-law-more-progressive-than-uk-says-peter-tatchell. 10 March 2016.
  52. Web site: House of Keys Official Hansard Report (pages 53-54). 8 March 2016. 13 December 2016.
  53. Web site: 22 Mar 2016 Legislative Council Hansard. Tynwald. 24 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160324180055/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/c160322.pdf. 24 March 2016.
  54. Web site: Same sex marriage approved by Isle of Man's Legislative Council. IOM Today. John. Turner. 24 March 2016. 24 March 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160324180556/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/same-sex-marriage-approved-by-isle-of-man-s-legislative-council-1-7815951. 24 March 2016.
  55. Web site: Legislative Council - Hansard - 12 April 2016 (see pages 7-22). Tynwald. 15 April 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160415094513/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/c160412.pdf. 15 April 2016.
  56. Web site: Isle of Man same-sex marriage bill approved. BBC News. 26 April 2016. 28 April 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160428104808/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-isle-of-man-36141145. 28 April 2016.
  57. Web site: Isle of Man finally passes same-sex marriage. PinkNews. Nick. Duffy. 26 April 2016. 28 April 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160427121514/http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2016/04/26/isle-of-man-finally-approves-same-sex-marriage/. 27 April 2016.
  58. Web site: 26 Apr 2016 Legislative Council Hansard. Tynwald. 28 April 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160428105541/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/C160426.pdf. 28 April 2016.
  59. Web site: Legislative Council Official Hansard Report (pages 27-37). 22 March 2016. 13 December 2016.
  60. Web site: Legislative Council Official Hansard Report (pages 5-22). 12 April 2016. 13 December 2016.
  61. Web site: Legislative Council Official Hansard Report (pages 3-7). 26 April 2016. 13 December 2016.
  62. Web site: 10 May 2016 House of Keys Hansard. Tynwald. 12 May 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160512001327/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/k160510.pdf. 12 May 2016.
  63. Web site: Slattys Poosee as Shesheeys Theayagh (Lhiasaghey) 2016. gv. Learn Manx. 4 May 2024.
  64. Web site: 21 June 2016 Tynwald Hansard. Tynwald. 9 July 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160709174815/http://www.tynwald.org.im/business/hansard/20002020/t160621.pdf. 9 July 2016.
  65. Web site: Zero-hours contracts discussed by Keys. Manx Radio. 9 March 2016.
  66. Web site: Same-sex marriage halted. Manx.net. 5 July 2016. 9 July 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160709173020/http://www.manx.net/tv/mt-tv/watch/79893/same-sex-marriage-update. 9 July 2016.
  67. Web site: Gay marriage bill on course to be law. Manx Radio. 9 July 2016. 9 July 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160709174126/http://www.manxradio.com/news/isle-of-man-news/gay-marriage-bill-on-course-to-be-law/. 9 July 2016.
  68. Web site: Orders in Council 13 July 2016 - part 4. Privy Council of the United Kingdom. 8. 27 July 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160727200613/https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/2016-07-13-Part-4-List-of-Business.pdf. 27 July 2016.
  69. News: From Friday same-sex couples will be able to get married in the Isle of Man. IOMToday. 19 July 2016. 19 July 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160719132412/http://www.iomtoday.co.im/news/isle-of-man-news/from-friday-same-sex-couples-will-be-able-to-get-married-in-the-isle-of-man-1-8021953. 19 July 2016.
  70. Web site: Same-sex union bill clears final hurdle. Manx Radio. 19 July 2016. 19 July 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160719132656/http://www.manxradio.com/news/isle-of-man-news/landmark-as-same-sex-union-bill-signed-off/. 19 July 2016.
  71. Web site: Same-sex Manx marriages can go ahead after Royal Assent. BBC News. 19 July 2016. 19 July 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160719133055/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-isle-of-man-36835197. 19 July 2016.
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  74. Web site: First same-sex marriage conversion on Isle of Man 'huge milestone'. BBC News. 28 July 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160729095816/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-isle-of-man-36912484. 29 July 2016.
  75. Web site: Three cheers for the gay marriage that ended the Isle of Man's dark history of bigotry . The Guardian . 31 July 2016.
  76. Web site: First same-sex wedding ceremony held on Isle of Man. BBC News. 1 August 2016.
  77. Web site: Bid to update parental rights for same-sex couples on Isle of Man. BBC News. 21 August 2023.
  78. Web site: Isle of Man's most popular baby names in 2018 revealed as Harry and Grace. The Official Isle of Man Government Website. 19 June 2019.
  79. News: Methodist church to allow same-sex marriage after 'historic' vote . Harriet Sherwood . The Guardian . 30 June 2021 . 30 June 2021.
  80. Web site: Methodist Church allows same-sex marriage in 'momentous' vote. BBC News. 1 July 2021. Harry Farley.
  81. Web site: Manx church to apply to be first to offer same-sex marriages. BBC News. 8 November 2023.
  82. Web site: Two Isle of Man churches to host same-sex marriages. EnergyFM. 1 December 2023.
  83. Web site: Same-sex marriage ceremonies to be offered at two Manx churches. BBC News. 6 December 2023.
  84. News: United Reformed Church approves gay marriage services. Callum. May. BBC News . 9 July 2016.

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