Sam Brinton Explained

Sam Brinton
Office:Deputy Assistant Secretary for the Office of Nuclear Energy
Term Start:June 19, 2022
Term End:December 11, 2022
Birth Name:Samuel Otis Brinton
Occupation:Nuclear engineer
Successor:Kim Petry (acting)

Samuel Otis Brinton (born) is an American nuclear engineer and LGBTQ activist. They served as the deputy assistant secretary of Spent Fuel and Waste Disposition in the Office of Nuclear Energy from June to December 2022.[1] [2] [3] Brinton is no longer employed by the Office of Nuclear Energy after being charged with luggage theft on three separate occasions.

Brinton gained media attention in 2010 for their reported experience of conversion therapy, later testifying at the United Nations on the subject in 2014. The gay activist Wayne Besen was skeptical about their account, noting that Brinton had claimed to have experienced electroshock therapy, which had not been used for decades, and other alleged inconsistencies.

Brinton was the first openly genderfluid individual in federal government leadership, and uses singular they pronouns.[4]

Early life and education

Brinton was raised in Perry, Iowa, and is the child of two Southern Baptist missionaries. Brinton came out as bisexual to their parents in the early 2000s.[5] According to Brinton, their parents disapproved of Brinton's attraction to a male friend from school and sent the then-middle school student for conversion therapy, an experience Brinton later described as "barbaric" and "painful" in a New York Times op-ed.[6] During one particularly extreme conversion therapy session, Brinton described being bound to a table while ice, heat, and electricity were applied to their body, all while being forced to watch film clips of gay intimacy.

Brinton has stated that parental physical abuse also became far more common as they began to express their identity. Eventually, Brinton said that after it was clear that conversion therapy had not affected their sexuality, they were effectively disowned by their parents, with their father threatening to shoot Brinton in the head if Brinton ever returned home.[7]

Journalist and gay activist Wayne Besen has expressed skepticism about Brinton's description of experiencing conversion therapy in childhood.[8] Besen noted inconsistencies in Brinton's retelling of events, such as Brinton not being able to remember the therapist's name, despite saying he had two years of sessions with him. In the aftermath of the 2022 allegations of luggage theft against Brinton, Besen reiterated his concerns and accused some people and groups of failing to heed "clear warning signs" and accepting Brinton's recounting of experiences without confirming their veracity as "sloppy, ethically negligent, and shockingly unprofessional" behavior.[9]

In 2006, Brinton graduated from Perry High School and in 2011 from Kansas State University with a Bachelor of Science degree in nuclear engineering and vocal music.[10] In 2010, while attending the university, they organized its first pride march[11] and helped found Kansas' first LGBT resource center.[12]

In 2013, they graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with a dual Master of Science degree in nuclear science and engineering (technology and policy program).[13]

While at MIT, Brinton cofounded Stand with Science, a national advocacy network aiming to protect federal research funding, which in 2012 under their leadership petitioned Congress with over 10,000 signatories.[14] In 2014, it was represented in 30 colleges and universities.[15] In 2014, Brinton was its executive director and had the same role in the National Science Policy Group.[16] Brinton is a past president of MIT's Science Policy Initiative.[17]

LGBTQ activism

In November 2014, identifying as a "survivor" of conversion therapy, Brinton was the first such individual to testify before the United Nations Convention against Torture regarding such experiences.[18] Brinton was the advisory committee co-chair of the National Center for Lesbian Rights' #BornPerfect campaign and held the position until at least September 2015.[19] They were one of three grand marshals of the 2015 Boston Pride Parade.[20]

Brinton in 2016 founded the #50Bills50States campaign, with the goal of prohibiting the pseudoscientific practice of conversion therapy throughout the U.S.[21] [22]

In 2016 and 2018, Brinton was the principal officer of the Washington DC chapter of the Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence, an LGBTQ charity and human rights group.[23] At events, such as the organization's 40th anniversary, they performed in drag under the name "Sister Ray Dee O'Active".[24]

From 2017 to 2020, Brinton was the head of advocacy and government affairs at the non-profit LGBTQ youth suicide prevention organization The Trevor Project.[25]

Career

In 2016, Brinton was a senior policy analyst for the Bipartisan Policy Center, lobbying for updated regulations to make it possible for nuclear waste to be used to power advanced nuclear reactors.[26] In February 2020, the website of Deep Isolation, a Berkeley, California, nuclear waste storage and disposal company,[27] listed Brinton as Director of Legislative Affairs[28] [29] and in May 2022 as Director of Global Political Strategy.[30] In 2022, Brinton's profile at the Department of Energy (DOE) indicated previous work with the Breakthrough Institute, the Clean Air Task Force, and Third Way.In 2022, they became deputy assistant secretary for spent fuel and waste disposition in DOE's Office of Nuclear Energy, serving in the Office of Spent Fuel and Waste Disposition. South Florida Gay News reported that, according to Brinton, while they were "welcomed with open arms" at all levels of the organization, others reacted to their appointment with hatred and disgust, some making death threats against them.[31]

In February 2022, an unidentified Department of Energy employee filed allegations of hiring malpractice with the Office of the Inspector General due to concern regarding Brinton's qualifications for a Senior Executive Service (SES) level position, i.e. "the class of federal career officials who rank just below top presidential appointees in seniority".[32]

Brinton supports the use of interim siting for radioactive waste to determine which sites and storage methods are best suited for future permanent repositories.[33]

In November 2022, Brinton was placed on leave by the Department of Energy after being charged with theft of luggage at an airport.[34] On December 12, 2022, after a second similar charge for a July incident, a Department of Energy spokesperson confirmed that Brinton was no longer a DOE employee. Brinton was succeeded by acting deputy assistant secretary Kim Petry.

Luggage thefts

A July 2022 incident resulted in a second arrest warrant, issued on December 8, 2022, for grand larceny after investigators matched Brinton to security camera footage of the theft at Harry Reid International Airport in Las Vegas.[35] [36] [37] The case had been closed for lack of an identifiable suspect until news broke about Brinton's Minneapolis arrest.[38] [39] In April 2023, Brinton pleaded no contest to stealing the Las Vegas luggage, was sentenced to pay $3,670.74 in restitution for the stolen luggage and clothes, and was given a suspended jail term of 180 days.[40]

Also in 2022, Brinton was charged with felony theft after allegedly stealing a woman's suitcase from a Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport baggage carousel on September 16.[41] [42] If they were convicted, these charges could carry a five-year sentence.[43] On February 15, 2023, Brinton appeared in court in Hennepin County, Minnesota, and was released without bail.[44] In April 2023, they entered an adult diversion program that required them to undergo a mental health evaluation, return stolen property, and do community service.[45]

In February 2023, the Tanzanian fashion designer Asya Khamsin said she had recognized her custom-designed clothing, lost in a March 2018 airline luggage disappearance at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport in Washington, D.C., being worn by Brinton in photos. She filed a police report in Houston after seeing the photos,[46] [47] [48] and on May 17, 2023, Brinton's home was searched and Brinton was arrested by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority; the expected charge was grand larceny.[49] [50] [51]

In July 2024, the National Review reported that Brinton pled guilty to misdemeanor petit larceny in Virginia as part of a plea deal, resulting in no jail time. A civil case filed by Khamsin in Maryland was settled after Brinton paid her compensation and wrote an apology letter which Khamsin considered "quite personal, sensitive, sincere, and heartfelt".[52]

Personal life

Brinton is bisexual and uses singular they pronouns. According to a 2017 Washington Blade local events article, Brinton resided in Washington, D.C., was a singer in the Gay Men's Chorus of Washington, D.C., and was engaged to Kevin Rieck.[53] The two were married in 2019.[54]

Publications

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Forgey. Quint. Ward. Alexander. January 11, 2022. Inside Biden's secretive weapons shipment to Ukraine. live. Politico. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220211/https://www.politico.com/newsletters/national-security-daily/2022/01/11/inside-bidens-secretive-weapons-shipment-to-ukraine-495686 . February 11, 2022. February 18, 2022.
  2. Web site: October 9, 2022 . Sam Brinton Department of Energy . December 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221009234008/https://www.energy.gov/ne/person/sam-brinton . October 9, 2022 .
  3. News: Top Energy Department official no longer employed after luggage theft accusations. CNN. December 13, 2022. Sands. Geneva. Vazquez. Maegan. Diamond. Jeremy. December 20, 2022. December 20, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221220054818/https://www.cnn.com/2022/12/13/politics/sam-brinton-department-of-energy/index.html. live.
  4. News: Fitzsimons . Tim . September 4, 2019 . 'Doesn't surprise me': Conversion therapy survivors on another ex-therapist coming out . NBC News . live . February 18, 2022 . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220211/https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/doesn-t-surprise-me-conversion-therapy-survivors-another-ex-therapist-n1049781 . February 11, 2022.
  5. Book: Gash . Alison L. . Democracy's Child: Young People and the Politics of Control, Leverage, and Agency . Tichenor . Daniel J. . 2022 . . 978-0-19-758166-7 . 44–45 . December 13, 2022 . December 13, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221213124551/https://books.google.com/books?id=Z-l5EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA44 . live .
  6. News: Brinton . Sam . January 24, 2018 . Opinion I Was Tortured in Gay Conversion Therapy. And It's Still Legal in 41 States. . The New York Times . March 15, 2022 . March 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220314014509/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/24/opinion/gay-conversion-therapy-torture.html . live .
  7. Web site: Villarreal . Daniel . October 10, 2011 . The Mystery Surrounding "Driftwood's" Tortured Ex-Gay Survivor . December 10, 2022 . . December 10, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221210010634/https://www.queerty.com/the-mystery-surrounding-driftwoods-tortured-ex-gay-survivor-20111010 . live .
  8. Web site: Besen . Wayne . Wayne Besen . December 7, 2022 . Has Sam Brinton's story always been too good to be true? . LGBTQ Nation . December 8, 2022 . December 8, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221208041942/https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2022/12/sam-brintons-story-always-good-true/ . live .
  9. Web site: Riley . John . 2022-12-13 . Department of Energy: "Sam Brinton is No Longer a DOE Employee" . 2022-12-27 . . en-US . December 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221227225855/https://www.metroweekly.com/2022/12/department-of-energy-sam-brinton-is-no-longer-a-doe-employee/ . live .
  10. Web site: 9 December 2022 . Perry native suspected in summer luggage thefts ThePerryNews . 2022-12-28 . en-US . December 28, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221228003538/https://theperrynews.com/perry-native-suspected-in-summer-luggage-thefts/ . live .
  11. Web site: Sam Brinton. December 2, 2022. LGBTQ Religious Archives Network. December 2, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221202023952/https://lgbtqreligiousarchives.org/profiles/sam-brinton. live.
  12. Web site: Maxwell . Jill . December 29, 2015 . Meet the Nuclear Engineer Leading the Fight Against Gay Conversion Therapy . 2023-01-21 . alum.mit.edu . en . January 21, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230121205510/https://alum.mit.edu/slice/meet-nuclear-engineer-leading-fight-against-gay-conversion-therapy . live .
  13. Web site: Samuel Brinton, M.S.. live. Kansas State University. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220211/https://www.k-state.edu/mcnair/names/alumni/samuel_b.html. February 11, 2022. February 18, 2022.
  14. Web site: MIT graduate students head to Capitol Hill to deliver petition in support of research funding . 2023-01-21 . EurekAlert! . en . January 21, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230121193111/https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/892895 . live .
  15. Web site: MIT's Science Policy Group Model Goes National . 2023-01-21 . MIT Spectrum . en-US . January 21, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230121192215/https://spectrum.mit.edu/continuum/mits-science-policy-group-model-goes-national/ . live .
  16. Web site: Samuel Brinton • iBiology . 2023-01-21 . iBiology . en-US . January 21, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230121192214/https://www.ibiology.org/speakers/samuel-brinton/ . live .
  17. Web site: Taylor . Nicole . Spring 2014 . No Future on the Sidelines . 2023-01-21 . MIT Spectrum . en-US . January 21, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230121192215/https://spectrum.mit.edu/spring-2014/no-future-on-the-sidelines/ . live .
  18. News: Margolin. Emma. November 13, 2014 . UN panel questions gay conversion therapy in US. live. MSNBC. https://web.archive.org/web/20220213015848/https://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/gay-conversion-therapy-un-committee-msna458431. February 13, 2022. February 18, 2022.
  19. Web site: Brinton. Sam. September 2, 2015. Op-ed: The Real Ramifications of the Rentboy Raid. The Advocate. Pride Publishing Inc.. December 10, 2022. December 10, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20221210051524/https://www.advocate.com/commentary/2015/09/02/op-ed-real-ramifications-rentboy-raid. live.
  20. Web site: 2015 Pride Marshals . 2023-01-21 . Boston Pride . en-US . January 21, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230121215607/https://www.bostonpride.org/archive/2015-pride-marshals/ . live .
  21. Web site: October 1, 2017 . 50 Bills 50 States . 50bills50states.org . https://web.archive.org/web/20171001132833/https://50bills50states.org/ . October 1, 2017 . usurped . November 29, 2022.
  22. News: Compton. Julie. January 19, 2017 . OutFront: LGBTQ Activist Fights to End Conversion Therapy. live. NBC News. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220211/https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/outfront-lgbtq-activist-fights-end-conversion-therapy-n708816. February 11, 2022. February 18, 2022.
  23. Web site: The DC Sisters Form 1099-N (e-Postcard) . December 3, 2022 . www.irs.gov . December 3, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221203190551/https://apps.irs.gov/app/eos/detailsPage?ein=810683059&name=The%20Dc%20Sisters%20-%20Abbey%20of%20Magnifice%20Nt%20Intentions&city=Washington&state=DC&countryAbbr=US&dba=&type=CHARITIES,%20DETERMINATIONLETTERS,%20EPOSTCARD&orgTags=CHARITIES&orgTags=DETERMINATIONLETTERS&orgTags=EPOSTCARD . live .
  24. Web site: Cortez . Jennifer . April 22, 2019 . The Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence paint Dolores Park with a full palette to celebrate 40 years . December 3, 2022 . Mission Local . en-US . December 25, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221225140855/https://missionlocal.org/2019/04/the-sisters-of-perpetual-indulgence-paint-dolores-park-with-a-full-palette-to-celebrate-40-years/ . live .
  25. Web site: Savage . Rachel . March 31, 2020 . Idaho becomes first U.S. state to ban trans athletes . . March 19, 2023 . March 19, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230319180830/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-lgbt-lawmaking/idaho-becomes-first-u-s-state-to-ban-trans-athletes-idUSKBN21I2AF . live .
  26. News: Eller. Donnelle. January 10, 2016 . Engineer Sees a Power Source in Nuclear Waste . subscription. The Des Moines Register. 13. February 18, 2022.
  27. Conca. James. January 14, 2022 . EU Nuclear Waste Organizations Conclude Deep Borehole Disposal Great Option For Nuclear Waste . live. Forbes. https://web.archive.org/web/20220213023910/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesconca/2022/01/14/norwegian-nuclear-decommissioning-concludes-deep-borehole-disposal-great-option-for-nuclear-waste/. February 13, 2022. February 18, 2022.
  28. Web site: Our Team . unfit. Deep Isolation. February 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200224230121/https://www.deepisolation.com/team/ . February 24, 2020. February 18, 2022.
  29. Web site: Brinton . Sam . Nuclear Professional Group Says U.S. Should Study Horizontal Borehole Solution . Deep Isolation . 26 December 2022 . 11 May 2020 . "As the Director of Legislative Affairs for Deep Isolation..." . December 26, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221226225721/https://www.deepisolation.com/blogs/american-nuclear-society-makes-nuclear-waste-recommendations/ . live .
  30. Web site: Our Team – Deep Isolation . unfit. https://web.archive.org/web/20220526020542/https://www.deepisolation.com/team/ . May 26, 2022 . November 30, 2022 . Deep Isolation.
  31. Web site: McDonald . John . Gender-Fluid 'Nuclear Nerd' Climbing the Ladder at Department of Energy . October 5, 2022 . southfloridagaynews.com . July 7, 2022 . en-gb . October 5, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221005055204/https://southfloridagaynews.com/National/gender-fluid-nuclear-nerd-climbing-the-ladder-at-department-of-energy.html . live .
  32. Web site: DOE Employee Alleges Hiring Malpractice at Agency's Office of Nuclear Energy . ExchangeMonitor . December 10, 2022 . February 17, 2022 . December 10, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221210142431/https://www.exchangemonitor.com/doe-employee-alleges-hiring-malpractice-at-agencys-office-of-nuclear-energy/ . live .
  33. Web site: Where should we put our country's nuclear waste? StateImpact Oklahoma goes underground to find out . October 5, 2022 . KOSU . en . October 5, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221005060700/https://www.kosu.org/show/statimpact-oklahoma/2022-09-15/where-should-we-put-our-countrys-nuclear-waste . live .
  34. Web site: Weiss. Benjamin. November 28, 2022. DOE spent fuel chief Brinton charged with felony theft in Minnesota. ExchangeMonitor. Access Intelligence, LLC.. December 3, 2022.
  35. Web site: Bushard . Brian . Biden Official Sam Brinton's 2nd Alleged Theft Included $1,700 In Jewelry . 2022-12-26 . Forbes . en . December 26, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221226171106/https://www.forbes.com/sites/brianbushard/2022/12/10/biden-official-sam-brintons-2nd-alleged-theft-included-1700-in-jewelry/ . live .
  36. Web site: Catenacci . Thomas . 2022-12-10 . Sam Brinton, nonbinary Biden official, stole jewelry worth $1,700 in second luggage theft: police . 2022-12-26 . Fox News . en-US . December 26, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221226171107/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/sam-brinton-nonbinary-biden-official-stole-jewelry-worth-1700-second-luggage-theft-police . live .
  37. Web site: Musumeci . Natalie . Nuclear energy official Sam Brinton — who was charged with stealing a Vera Bradley suitcase — has been accused of swiping luggage at an airport for a second time . 2022-12-26 . Insider . en-US . June 10, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240610074507/https://www.businessinsider.com/energy-official-sam-brinton-accused-stealing-airport-luggage-again-2022-12 . live .
  38. Web site: 2022-12-14 . Gender-Fluid Energy Dept. Official Sam Brinton Out After Theft Charges . 2022-12-26 . www.advocate.com . en . December 26, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221226171701/https://www.advocate.com/politics/2022/12/14/gender-fluid-energy-dept-official-sam-brinton-out-after-theft-charges . live .
  39. Ramirez . Nikki McCann . 2022-12-10 . Biden Nuclear Waste Official Accused of Airport Luggage Theft -- Again . 2022-12-26 . . en-US . December 27, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221227164148/https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/sam-brinton-biden-nuclear-waste-official-luggage-theft-1234644687/ . live .
  40. https://www.kmov.com/2023/04/13/ex-doe-official-takes-plea-deal-case-stolen-luggage-las-vegas-airport/ Ex-DOE official takes plea deal in case of stolen luggage from Las Vegas airport
  41. News: Allen . Nick . November 29, 2022 . Gender-fluid US official accused of stealing woman's suitcase at airport . live . The Telegraph . https://web.archive.org/web/20221129080825/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2022/11/29/genderfluid-us-official-accused-stealing-womans-suitcase-airport/ . November 29, 2022 . May 31, 2023 . limited.
  42. Web site: Kilander . Gustaf . November 29, 2022 . US nuclear official charged with stealing suitcase from Minneapolis airport . November 30, 2022 . The Independent . en . November 30, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221130032048/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/crime/sam-brinton-nuclear-briefcase-airport-b2235352.html . live .
  43. Web site: Former Biden official Sam Brinton's mug shot released after bail set at $15,000 . 2022-12-26 . www.yahoo.com . en-US . December 26, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221226174850/https://www.yahoo.com/now/former-biden-official-sam-brintons-214501206.html . dead .
  44. Web site: February 15, 2023 . Former Energy Department official appears in MN courtroom on luggage theft charges . 2023-02-19 . kare11.com . en-US . June 10, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240610074505/https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/former-energy-department-official-sam-brinton-charged-with-luggage-theft-appears-in-mn-courtroom/89-17d9ee96-ca75-4d61-ace4-a901611cf86d . live .
  45. Web site: Lyden . Tom . 2023-04-17 . Fmr. DOE official who took luggage from MSP enters diversion . 2023-05-19 . FOX 9 . en-US . May 19, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230519101028/https://www.fox9.com/news/fmr-doe-official-who-took-luggage-from-msp-enters-diversion . live .
  46. Web site: 2023-02-23 . Fashion designer who lost luggage claims US official has been wearing her clothes . 2023-02-28 . The Independent . en . February 27, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230227230240/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/sam-brinton-nuclear-official-clothes-b2288133.html . live .
  47. Web site: Covucci . David . 2023-02-23 . Luggage stealing ex-Biden official accused by fashion designer of nabbing, wearing her clothes . 2023-02-28 . The Daily Dot . en-US . February 27, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230227220015/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/sam-brinton-luggage-stealing-fashion-designer/ . live .
  48. Web site: Silverstein . Joe . Moutevelis . Alexa . Photos of ex-Biden official wearing dress designer alleges was stolen spotted in Vanity Fair 'style' feature . Fox News . 23 February 2023 . March 8, 2023 . March 8, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230308102456/https://www.foxnews.com/media/photos-ex-biden-official-wearing-dress-designer-alleges-stolen-spotted-vanity-fair-style-feature . live .
  49. Web site: Catenacci . Thomas . 2023-05-18 . Non-binary ex-Biden official Sam Brinton arrested for yet another baggage theft . 2023-05-19 . . en-US . May 19, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230519101828/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/non-binary-ex-biden-official-sam-brinton-arrested-again-fugitive-justice . live .
  50. Web site: Graziosi . Graig . 19 May 2023 . Former DOE official arrested for third time for allegedly stealing luggage at airport . . May 19, 2023 . May 19, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230519115549/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/crime/sam-brinton-luggage-theft-arrest-doe-b2341647.html . live .
  51. Web site: Rogers . Zachary . 2023-05-18 . Non-binary ex-Biden nuclear official arrested as 'fugitive from justice' following luggage thefts . 2023-05-19 . . en . May 19, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230519103005/https://katv.com/news/nation-world/non-binary-ex-biden-nuclear-official-arrested-as-fugitive-from-justice-following-luggage-thefts-sam-brinton . live .
  52. Web site: Downey . Caroline . 2024-07-02 . Non-Binary Ex–Biden Official Sam Brinton Gets Plea Deal with No Jail Time . 2024-08-15 . National Review . en-US.
  53. News: Washington Blade. Comings & Goings. Peter. Rosenstein. November 3, 2017. December 10, 2022. June 10, 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240610074527/https://www.washingtonblade.com/2017/11/03/sam-brinton-joe-sangirardi/. live.
  54. Web site: Dokubo . Titi . 2022-12-15 . Sam Brinton's Husband Sometimes Describes Them as a 'Weird Kind of Batman' . 2023-05-20 . news.amomama.com . en . May 20, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230520005421/https://news.amomama.com/298912-sam-brintons-husband-sometimes-describes.html . live .

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