| Type: | District |
| Salyan District | |
| Native Name: | सल्यान जिल्ला |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Parts Type: | Municipality |
| Parts Style: | coll |
| Established Title: | Established |
| Seat Type: | Admin HQ. |
| Seat: | Salyan (today part of Shaarda Municipality) |
| Leader Title: | Head |
| Leader Title1: | Deputy-Head |
| Leader Title2: | Parliamentary constituencies |
| Leader Title3: | Provincial constituencies |
| Government Type: | Coordination committee |
| Governing Body: | DCC, Salyan |
| Area Total Km2: | 1462 |
| Population Total: | 241,716 |
| Population As Of: | 2011[1] |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Main Language(s) |
| Blank Info Sec1: | Nepali,english,newari |
| Blank Name Sec2: | Major highways |
| Timezone1: | NPT |
| Utc Offset1: | +05:45 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal Codes |
| Area Code Type: | Telephone Code |
Salyan District (Nepali: सल्यान जिल्ला) IPA: [sʌljan], in Karnali Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Salyan covers an area of with a population of 213,500 in 2001 and 241,716 in 2011. The district's administrative center is named Salyan or Salyan Khalanga, today it is part of Shaarada Municipality.
The district is known for its Hindu temples including Shiva temples in Chhayachhetra and Laxmipur, and the Devi temple at Khairabang in Shaarada municipality, one of nine in Nepal.
Salyan was one of the Baise Rajya, a confederation of 22 petty kingdoms in the Karnali (Ghagra) region. It was ruled by Samala Shahis before unification. [2] About 1760 CE all these kingdoms were annexed by the Shah Dynasty during the unification of Nepal.
Salyan derives from the Nepali word sallo which means pine tree or conifer.
Although Salyan is considered a hilly district, its southwest salient is actually outside the Pahari-inhabited hill region, in the lower Siwalik Hills that are more an extension of the Terai.
The Babai River flows through the southwestern Siwaliks section after draining Dang Valley. A tributary Sharad Khola drains the eastern half of Salyan's hill region—including the district center, then exits these hills by cutting through the Mahabharat Range to its confluence with the Babai. The western half of Salyan's hill region is drained by the Bheri.
| Climate zone | Elevation range | % of area | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper tropical | 300 to 1,000 meters 1,000 to 3,300 ft. | 28.6% | |
| Subtropical | 1,000 to 2,000 meters 3,300 to 6,600 ft. | 68.3% | |
| Temperate | 2,000 to 3,000 meters 6,400 to 9,800 ft. | 3.0% |
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Salyan District had a population of 242,444.
As first language, 99.4% spoke Nepali, 0.3% Magar, 0.1% Newar, 0.1% Urdu and 0.1% other languages.[3]
Ethnicity/caste: 57.1% were Chhetri, 15.1% Magar, 11.8% Kami, 3.5% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 3.5% Thakuri, 3.0% Damai/Dholi, 2.6% Hill Brahmin, 1.8% Sarki, 0.6% Newar, 0.3% Badi, 0.1% Gaine, 0.1% Gurung, 0.1% Kumal, 0.1% Musalman, 0.1% other Terai and 0.1% others.[4]
Religion: 97.7% were Hindu, 1.3% Christian, 0.8% Buddhist, 0.1% Muslim and 0.1% others.[5]
Literacy: 63.9% could read and write, 3.5% could only read and 32.5% could neither read nor write.[6]
ImageSize = width:350 height:303PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30DateFormat = x.yPeriod = from:0 till:300000TimeAxis = orientation:verticalAlignBars = justifyScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:50000 start:0ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:1000 start:0BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo
BarData= bar:1971 text:1971 bar:1981 text:1981 bar:1991 text:1991 bar:2001 text:2001 bar:2011 text:2011 bar:2021 text:2021PlotData= color:barra width:20 align:left bar:1971 from: 0 till:141457 bar:1981 from: 0 till:152063 bar:1991 from: 0 till:181785 bar:2001 from: 0 till:213500 bar:2011 from: 0 till:241716 bar:2021 from: 0 till:238668PlotData=
bar:1971 at:141457 fontsize:XS text:141,457 shift:(-14,5) bar:1981 at:152063 fontsize:XS text:152,063 shift:(-14,5) bar:1991 at:181785 fontsize:XS text:181,785 shift:(-14,5) bar:2001 at:213500 fontsize:XS text:213,500 shift:(-14,5) bar:2011 at:241716 fontsize:XS text:241,716 shift:(-14,5) bar:2021 at:238668 fontsize:XS text:238,668 shift:(-14,5)
The district consists of ten municipalities, out of which three are urban municipalities and seven are rural municipalities:[9]
Prior to the restructuring of the district, Saylan District consisted of the following municipalities and village development committees:
Besides the United Nations/Nepal map of districts and VDCs shown above, their Map Centre[10] has a downloadable PDF version adding municipalities, roads and water detail:
http://www.un.org.np/sites/default/files/maps/district_maps/Salyan.pdf. Salyan District . 6 February 2014 . Salyan District.
From 1992 to 2002 a definitive series of large scale topographic maps were surveyed and published through a joint project by Government of Nepal Survey Department[11] and Finland's Ministry for Foreign Affairs contracting through the FinnMap consulting firm.[12] Japan International Cooperation Agency[13] substituted for FinnMap in Lumbini Zone.Topographic sheets at 1:25,000 scale covering 7.5 minutes latitude and longitude map the Terai and Middle Mountains. Less populated high mountain regions are on 15 minute sheets at 1:50,000. JPG scans can be downloaded here:[14] These sheets cover Salyan District: