| Consort: | yes |
| Saliha Banu Begum | |
| Empress consort of the Mughal Empire | |
| Predecessor: | Hamida Banu Begum |
| Succession: | Padshah Begum |
| Successor: | Nur Jahan |
| Reign: | 1608 – 10 June 1620 |
| House: | Timurid (by marriage) |
| Father: | Qaim Khan |
| Death Date: | 10 June 1620 |
| Death Place: | Agra, Mughal Empire |
| Religion: | Islam |
Saliha Banu Begum (10 June 1620) was the chief consort of Emperor Jahangir.[1] She was the Padshah Begum for the most part of the reign of her emperor husband until her death in the year 1620.[2]
Saliha Banu Begum was the daughter of Qaim Khan,[3] and came from a well placed family in the government as her brother, Abdur Rahim (titled Tarbiyat Khan), was said by Jahangir to be "of the hereditary houseborn ones of this Court." She was the granddaughter of Muqim Khan, the son of Shuja'at Khan from Akbar's time.
Jahangir married her in 1608, in the third year of his reign. As a consequence, her brother Abdur Rahim's position greatly advanced. He was awarded with the title of Tarbiyat Khan. His son named Miyan Joh, whom Saliha had taken for her son, was killed at the banks of river Jhelum by Mahabat Khan when the latter behaved insolently towards Jahangir, in 1626.
For much of Jahangir's reign, she was the Padishah Banu ("The Sovereign Lady"), also called Padishah Mahal ("Sovereign of the Palace"),[4] [5] and when she died in 1620, the title was passed on to Nur Jahan. She was, reportedly, Nur Jahan's only powerful rival for Jahangir's affections. However, Nur Jahan was a formidable rival who had dominated not only Jahangir but also governmental affairs.[6] Williams Hawkins, a representative of the English East India Company noted her among Jahangir's chief wives. He said the following:
Saliha Banu Begum was reportedly to be well versed in Hindi poetry.[5]
Saliha Banu Begum died on Wednesday, 10 June 1620.[7] Jahangir noted that Saliha Banu's death was foretold by the astrologer Jotik Rai; grief-stricken at her loss, he nevertheless marvelled at the accuracy of the prophecy, which had been taken from his own horoscope.