| Start: | 1900 |
| End: | 1965 |
| Map: | St Marylebone within the County of London |
| Origin: | St Marylebone parish |
| St Marylebone | |
| Government: | St Marylebone Borough Council |
| Status: | Metropolitan borough |
| Hq: | Marylebone Road |
| Replace: | City of Westminster |
| Arms: | Coat of arms of the borough council |
| Motto: | Fiat Secundum Verbum Tuum (Be it according to Thy Word) |
| Footnotes: | Map of boundary |
The Metropolitan Borough of St Marylebone was a metropolitan borough of the County of London from 1900 to 1965. It was based directly on the previously existing civil parish of St Marylebone, Middlesex, which was incorporated into the Metropolitan Board of Works area in 1855, retaining a parish vestry, and then became part of the County of London in 1889.
Its area was that part of the current City of Westminster which is north of Oxford Street, and east of Maida Vale and Edgware Road. It included the areas Marylebone, Regent's Park, St John's Wood, and Lisson Grove, along with the western part of the district of Fitzrovia.
In 1965 it was abolished and its former area was amalgamated with that of the Metropolitan Borough of Paddington and the Metropolitan Borough of Westminster to form the City of Westminster.
The name is derived from a chapel, dedicated to St Mary, and founded by Barking Abbey, the holders of the Manor of Tyburn. The chapel was named St Mary-le-Bourne, for the bourne, or River Tyburn. In the borough's coat of arms, the blue and white waves represent this stream; the lily and rose, derived from Barking Abbey, represent the legend that when the Virgin's tomb was opened it was found to contain lilies and roses.
The motto: Fiat Secundum Verbatum Tuum, is from the Gospel of Luke Ch.I v.38 and translates as Be it according to Thy Word.[1]
The arms were granted by the College of Arms on 17 August 1901.[2]
Following a competition in 1911, Sir Edwin Cooper was commissioned to design Marylebone Town Hall.[3] The building, in Marylebone Road was built 1914–20. The building is faced with Portland stone and is an example of Edwardian Graeco-Roman classicism, with a tower in the style of Christopher Wren and fluted columns. Cooper also designed the 1938–39 extension in a simpler style to house the public library.[4] [5]
The borough covered an area of 1473acres. The population found in the Census was:
St Marylebone Vestry 1801–1899
| Year[6] | 1801 | 1811 | 1821 | 1831 | 1841 | 1851 | 1861 | 1871 | 1881 | 1891 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | 63,982 | 75,624 | 96,040 | 122,206 | 138,164 | 157,696 | 161,680 | 159,254 | 154,910 | 142,404 |
| Year[7] | 1901 | 1911 | 1921 | 1931 | 1941 | 1951 | 1961 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 133,301 | 118,160 | 104,173 | 97,627 | [8] | 75,821 | 69,045 |
Under the Metropolis Management Act 1855 any parish that exceeded 2,000 ratepayers was to be divided into wards; as such the incorporated vestry of Marylebone was divided into eight wards (electing vestrymen): No. 1 or Hamilton Terrace (9), No. 2 or St Johns Wood Terrace (9), No. 3 or New Church Street (15), No. 4 or Dorset Square & Regents Park (15), No. 5 or Bryanstone (18), No. 6 or Portman (18), No. 7 or Portland Place (18) and No. 8 or Cavendish Square (18).[9] [10]
The metropolitan borough was divided into nine wards for elections: Bryanston Square, Cavendish, Church Street, Dorset Square & Regent's Park, Hamilton Terrace, Langham, Park Crescent, Portman and St John's Wood Terrace.[11] [12]
For elections to Parliament, the borough was divided into two constituencies:
In 1918 the borough's representation was reduced to one seat: