Sacoglottis gabonensis explained

Sacoglottis gabonensis, commonly known as bitterbark tree or cherry mahogany is a medium to large sized evergreen tree within the Humiriaceae family.[1] It is the only species within the genus, Sacoglottis that is native to tropical Africa, another, guianensis Benth. being native to Amazonia.[2] It occurs in rainforests or on sandy soils of Senegal eastwards to Angola in central Africa. It is traded locally and known in some countries under the name Ozouga.[3]

Description

A large species that can reach tall and a diameter of at maturity, it has a scaly dark brown bark with pustulate lenticels and a red-brown slash, its trunk is crooked but occasionally straight while the base is irregular, with wide spreading buttressed roots or deeply fluted surface roots.[4] Leaves are simple, alternate and distichous in arrangement, with a coriaceous surface that is dull green in color; stipules up to 1 mm long, petiole is long; leaf-blade is narrowly ovate, elliptic or oblong in outline, long and wide. Inflorescence is axillary cymes, bracts are long, pedicel is long. Fruit is an ellipsoid drupe, greenish to yellow when ripe, 1-5 seeded.

Chemistry

The chemical compound, Bergenin has been isolated from the stem bark of Sacoglottis gabonensis.[5]

Uses

Stem bark extracts is used as a palm wine additive for the preservation and potency of the alcoholic drink, while fruits of the species are favored by the African bush elephants at the Lope National Park.Some monkeys are also adapted to eat their hard seeds.[6] Its wood is used in local marine related works such as canoe and boat making and bridge construction, it is also a good source of firewood.

Notes and References

  1. Schmelzer, G. H., Gurib-Fakim, A., Arroo, R., Bosch, C. H., de Ruijter, A., Simmonds, M. S. J., Lemmens, R. H. M. J., & Oyen, L. P. A. (2008). Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 11(1) : Medicinal plants 1. (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa; No. 11(1)). PROTA Foundation [etc.]. https://edepot.wur.nl/417238
  2. 431491-1. Sacoglottis gabonensis. 10 October 2021.
  3. Web site: Ozouga (Sacoglottis gabonensis). 2021-10-10. ITTO. en-US.
  4. Book: Voorhoeve, A. G.. Liberian high forest trees : a systematic botanical study of the 75 most important or frequent high forest trees, with reference to numerous related species. 1979. Pudoc. 90-220-0701-4. 2nd impr. Wageningen. 116–120. 63303450.
  5. Maduka. H.C.C. Okoye. Z.S.C. Eje. A. 2002. The influence of Sacoglottis gabonensis stem bark extract and its isolate bergenin, Nigerian alcoholic beverage additives, on the metabolic and haematological side effects of 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine-induced tissue damage. Vascular Pharmacology. en. 39. 6. 317–324. 10.1016/S1537-1891(03)00042-9. 14567070 .
  6. White. Lee J. T.. 1994. Sacoglottis gabonensis fruiting and the seasonal movements of elephants in the Lopé Reserve, Gabon. Journal of Tropical Ecology. en. 10. 1. 121–125. 10.1017/S0266467400007768. 85796497 . 0266-4674.