SUMO3 explained

Small ubiquitin-related modifier 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUMO3 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

SUMO proteins, such as SUMO3, and ubiquitin (see MIM 191339) posttranslationally modify numerous cellular proteins and affect their metabolism and function. However, unlike ubiquitination, which targets proteins for degradation, sumoylation participates in a number of cellular processes, such as nuclear transport, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, and protein stability (Su and Li, 2002).[supplied by OMIM]^[2]

Interactions

SUMO3 has been shown to interact with ARNTL^[3] and Thymine-DNA glycosylase.^[4]

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . January 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . October 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Saitoh H, Hinchey J . Functional heterogeneity of small ubiquitin-related protein modifiers SUMO-1 versus SUMO-2/3 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 275 . 9 . 6252–8 . March 2000 . 10692421 . 10.1074/jbc.275.9.6252 . free .
• Tatham MH, Jaffray E, Vaughan OA, Desterro JM, Botting CH, Naismith JH, Hay RT . Polymeric chains of SUMO-2 and SUMO-3 are conjugated to protein substrates by SAE1/SAE2 and Ubc9 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 276 . 38 . 35368–74 . September 2001 . 11451954 . 10.1074/jbc.M104214200 . free .
• Lin J, Johannsen E, Robertson E, Kieff E . Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 3C putative repression domain mediates coactivation of the LMP1 promoter with EBNA-2 . Journal of Virology . 76 . 1 . 232–42 . January 2002 . 11739688 . 135708 . 10.1128/JVI.76.1.232-242.2002 .
• Kadoya T, Yamamoto H, Suzuki T, Yukita A, Fukui A, Michiue T, Asahara T, Tanaka K, Asashima M, Kikuchi A . Desumoylation activity of Axam, a novel Axin-binding protein, is involved in downregulation of beta-catenin . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 22 . 11 . 3803–19 . June 2002 . 11997515 . 133821 . 10.1128/MCB.22.11.3803-3819.2002 .
• Su HL, Li SS . Molecular features of human ubiquitin-like SUMO genes and their encoded proteins . Gene . 296 . 1–2 . 65–73 . August 2002 . 12383504 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00843-0 .
• Subramanian L, Benson MD, Iñiguez-Lluhí JA . A synergy control motif within the attenuator domain of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha inhibits transcriptional synergy through its PIASy-enhanced modification by SUMO-1 or SUMO-3 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 11 . 9134–41 . March 2003 . 12511558 . 10.1074/jbc.M210440200 . free .
• Eaton EM, Sealy L . Modification of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-beta by the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) family members, SUMO-2 and SUMO-3 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 35 . 33416–21 . August 2003 . 12810706 . 10.1074/jbc.M305680200 . free .
• Tatham MH, Kim S, Yu B, Jaffray E, Song J, Zheng J, Rodriguez MS, Hay RT, Chen Y . Role of an N-terminal site of Ubc9 in SUMO-1, -2, and -3 binding and conjugation . Biochemistry . 42 . 33 . 9959–69 . August 2003 . 12924945 . 10.1021/bi0345283 .
• Dobreva G, Dambacher J, Grosschedl R . SUMO modification of a novel MAR-binding protein, SATB2, modulates immunoglobulin mu gene expression . Genes & Development . 17 . 24 . 3048–61 . December 2003 . 14701874 . 305257 . 10.1101/gad.1153003 .
• Reverter D, Lima CD . A basis for SUMO protease specificity provided by analysis of human Senp2 and a Senp2-SUMO complex . Structure . 12 . 8 . 1519–31 . August 2004 . 15296745 . 10.1016/j.str.2004.05.023 . free .
• Ayaydin F, Dasso M . Distinct in vivo dynamics of vertebrate SUMO paralogues . Molecular Biology of the Cell . 15 . 12 . 5208–18 . December 2004 . 15456902 . 532004 . 10.1091/mbc.E04-07-0589 .
• Xu Z, Au SW . Mapping residues of SUMO precursors essential in differential maturation by SUMO-specific protease, SENP1 . The Biochemical Journal . 386 . Pt 2 . 325–30 . March 2005 . 15487983 . 1134797 . 10.1042/BJ20041210 .
• Ding H, Xu Y, Chen Q, Dai H, Tang Y, Wu J, Shi Y . Solution structure of human SUMO-3 C47S and its binding surface for Ubc9 . Biochemistry . 44 . 8 . 2790–9 . March 2005 . 15723523 . 10.1021/bi0477586 .
• Bossis G, Malnou CE, Farras R, Andermarcher E, Hipskind R, Rodriguez M, Schmidt D, Muller S, Jariel-Encontre I, Piechaczyk M . Down-regulation of c-Fos/c-Jun AP-1 dimer activity by sumoylation . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 25 . 16 . 6964–79 . August 2005 . 16055710 . 1190241 . 10.1128/MCB.25.16.6964-6979.2005 .

Notes and References

1. Lapenta V, Chiurazzi P, van der Spek P, Pizzuti A, Hanaoka F, Brahe C . SMT3A, a human homologue of the S. cerevisiae SMT3 gene, maps to chromosome 21qter and defines a novel gene family . Genomics . 40 . 2 . 362–6 . March 1997 . 9119407 . 10.1006/geno.1996.4556 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: SUMO3 SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 3 (S. cerevisiae).
3. Lee J, Lee Y, Lee MJ, Park E, Kang SH, Chung CH, Lee KH, Kim K . Dual modification of BMAL1 by SUMO2/3 and ubiquitin promotes circadian activation of the CLOCK/BMAL1 complex . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 28 . 19 . 6056–65 . October 2008 . 18644859 . 2546997 . 10.1128/MCB.00583-08 .
4. Hardeland U, Steinacher R, Jiricny J, Schär P . Modification of the human thymine-DNA glycosylase by ubiquitin-like proteins facilitates enzymatic turnover . The EMBO Journal . 21 . 6 . 1456–64 . March 2002 . 11889051 . 125358 . 10.1093/emboj/21.6.1456 .