STAU2 explained

Double-stranded RNA-binding protein Staufen homolog 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STAU2 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

Staufen homolog 2 is a member of the family of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding proteins involved in the transport and/or localization of mRNAs to different subcellular compartments and/or organelles. These proteins are characterized by the presence of multiple dsRNA-binding domains which are required to bind RNAs having double-stranded secondary structures. Staufen homolog 2 shares 48.5% and 59.9% similarity with drosophila and human staufen, respectively. The exact function of Staufen homolog 2 is not known, but since it contains 3 copies of conserved dsRNA binding domain, it could be involved in double-stranded RNA binding events. Expression of Stau2 was sufficient to increase eye size, suggesting a novel biological role of Stau2 in eye morphogenesis.^[3] Acting as a HIV-1 dependency factor, Staufen-2 promotes HIV-1 proliferation by positively regulating RNA export activity of viral protein Rev ^[4] and recently it was reported that Staufen-2 is incorporated into HIV-1 particles and boost viral infectivity^[5]

Further reading

• Kiebler MA, DesGroseillers L . Molecular insights into mRNA transport and local translation in the mammalian nervous system . Neuron . 25 . 1 . 19–28 . January 2000 . 10707969 . 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80868-5 . 2565210 . free .
• Furic L, Maher-Laporte M, DesGroseillers L . A genome-wide approach identifies distinct but overlapping subsets of cellular mRNAs associated with Staufen1- and Staufen2-containing ribonucleoprotein complexes . RNA . 14 . 2 . 324–35 . February 2008 . 18094122 . 2212254 . 10.1261/rna.720308 .
• Beausoleil SA, Villén J, Gerber SA, Rush J, Gygi SP . A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization . Nature Biotechnology . 24 . 10 . 1285–92 . October 2006 . 16964243 . 10.1038/nbt1240 . 14294292 .
• Chatel-Chaix L, Clément JF, Martel C, Bériault V, Gatignol A, DesGroseillers L, Mouland AJ . Identification of Staufen in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag ribonucleoprotein complex and a role in generating infectious viral particles . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 24 . 7 . 2637–48 . April 2004 . 15024055 . 371130 . 10.1128/MCB.24.7.2637-2648.2004 .
• Duchaîne TF, Hemraj I, Furic L, Deitinghoff A, Kiebler MA, DesGroseillers L . Staufen2 isoforms localize to the somatodendritic domain of neurons and interact with different organelles . Journal of Cell Science . 115 . Pt 16 . 3285–95 . August 2002 . 10.1242/jcs.115.16.3285 . 12140260 .

Notes and References

1. Buchner G, Bassi MT, Andolfi G, Ballabio A, Franco B . Identification of a novel homolog of the Drosophila staufen protein in the chromosome 8q13-q21.1 region . Genomics . 62 . 1 . 113–8 . November 1999 . 10585778 . 10.1006/geno.1999.6015 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: STAU2 staufen, RNA binding protein, homolog 2 (Drosophila).
3. Cockburn. Diane M.. Charish. Jason. Tassew. Nardos G.. Eubanks. James. Bremner. Rod. Macchi. Paolo. Monnier. Philippe P.. November 2012. The double-stranded RNA-binding protein Staufen 2 regulates eye size. Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience. en. 51. 3–4. 101–111. 10.1016/j.mcn.2012.08.008. 22940085. 5193038.
4. Banerjee. Atoshi. Benjamin. Ronald. Balakrishnan. Kannan. Ghosh. Payel. Banerjee. Sharmistha. 2014-02-13. Human protein Staufen-2 promotes HIV-1 proliferation by positively regulating RNA export activity of viral protein Rev. Retrovirology. 11. 18. 10.1186/1742-4690-11-18. 1742-4690. 4016256. 24520823 . free .
5. Balakrishnan. Kannan. Jaguva Vasudevan. Ananda. Mohareer. Krishnaveni. Luedde. Tom. Münk. Carsten. Banerjee. Sharmistha. 2021-12-08. Encapsidation of Staufen-2 Enhances Infectivity of HIV-1. Viruses. en. 13. 12. 2459. 10.3390/v13122459. 1999-4915. 8703407. 34960728. free.