STAR (gene) explained

Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STAR gene.^[1]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene plays a key role in the acute regulation of steroid hormone synthesis by enhancing the conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone. This protein permits the cleavage of cholesterol into pregnenolone by mediating the transport of cholesterol from the outer mitochondrial membrane to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Mutations in this gene are a cause of congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (CLAH), also called lipoid CAH. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 13. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

Further reading

• Stocco DM . Clinical disorders associated with abnormal cholesterol transport: mutations in the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein . Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. . 191 . 1 . 19–25 . May 2002 . 12044915 . 10.1016/s0303-7207(02)00048-5. 23614656 .
• Tuckey RC, Headlam MJ, Bose HS, Miller WL . Transfer of cholesterol between phospholipid vesicles mediated by the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 49 . 47123–8 . December 2002 . 12372832 . 10.1074/jbc.M206965200 . free .
• Mathieu AP, Lavigne P, LeHoux JG . Molecular modeling and structure-based thermodynamic analysis of the StAR protein . Endocr. Res. . 28 . 4 . 419–23 . November 2002 . 12530644 . 10.1081/erc-120016817. 25030552 .
• Tajima K, Dantes A, Yao Z, Sorokina K, Kotsuji F, Seger R, Amsterdam A . Down-regulation of steroidogenic response to gonadotropins in human and rat preovulatory granulosa cells involves mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and modulation of DAX-1 and steroidogenic factor-1 . J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. . 88 . 5 . 2288–99 . May 2003 . 12727988 . 10.1210/jc.2002-020913 . free .
• Kim HJ, Kim JE, Ha M, Kang SS, Kim JT, Park IS, Paek SH, Jung HW, Kim DG, Cho GJ, Choi WS . Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression in the normal human brain and intracranial tumors . Brain Res. . 978 . 1–2 . 245–9 . July 2003 . 12834921 . 10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02840-3. 32869169 .
• Kohen P, Castro O, Palomino A, Muñoz A, Christenson LK, Sierralta W, Carvallo P, Strauss JF, Devoto L . The steroidogenic response and corpus luteum expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein after human chorionic gonadotropin administration at different times in the human luteal phase . J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. . 88 . 7 . 3421–30 . July 2003 . 12843197 . 10.1210/jc.2002-021916 .
• Sugawara T, Shimizu H, Hoshi N, Nakajima A, Fujimoto S . Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein-binding protein cloned by a yeast two-hybrid system . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 43 . 42487–94 . October 2003 . 12909641 . 10.1074/jbc.M302291200 . free .
• Sun HS, Hsiao KY, Hsu CC, Wu MH, Tsai SJ . Transactivation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein in human endometriotic stromalcells is mediated by the prostaglandin EP2 receptor . Endocrinology . 144 . 9 . 3934–42 . September 2003 . 12933667 . 10.1210/en.2003-0289 . free .
• Li J, Feltzer RE, Dawson KL, Hudson EA, Clark BJ . Janus kinase 2 and calcium are required for angiotensin II-dependent activation of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein transcription in H295R human adrenocortical cells . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 52 . 52355–62 . December 2003 . 14565954 . 10.1074/jbc.M305232200 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. 2018-06-24.