STARD7 explained

StAR-related lipid transfer domain protein 7 (STARD7) or gestational trophoblastic tumor gene-1 (GTT1) is a lipid transporter that specifically binds and transports phosphatidylcholine between membranes.[1]

Function and tissue distribution

StarD7 is found in the cytosol and associated with the mitochondrion.[1] When overproduced in the cell, mitochondrial levels of phosphatidylcholine rise.[1] High levels of the protein are found in tumor cells compared to normal cells, suggesting a role in cell proliferation.[2]

Structure

There are two forms of StarD7: StarD7-I and StarD7-II. The former is 295 amino acids long. StarD7-I possesses an additional 75 amino acids at its amino-terminus, which form a signaling sequence that targets it to the outer membrane of the mitochondrion.[1]

StarD7 contains a StAR-related transfer domain (START), from which it derives its name. Moreover, the protein is a member of the predominantly phosphatidylcholine transporter subfamily of START proteins, the StarD2 subfamily. It shares 25% sequence identity with StarD2.[1]

Notes and References

  1. Horibata Y, Sugimoto H . StarD7 mediates the intracellular trafficking of phosphatidylcholine to mitochondria . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 285 . 10 . 7358–65 . March 2010 . 20042613 . 2844184 . 10.1074/jbc.M109.056960 . free .
  2. Durand S, Angeletti S, Genti-Raimondi S . GTT1/StarD7, a novel phosphatidylcholine transfer protein-like highly expressed in gestational trophoblastic tumour: cloning and characterization . Placenta . 25 . 1 . 37–44 . January 2004 . 15013637 . 10.1016/S0143-4004(03)00214-5 .