ST8SIA4 explained

CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-poly-alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ST8SIA4 gene.^{[1] [2]}

The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the polycondensation of alpha-2,8-linked sialic acid required for the synthesis of polysialic acid, a modulator of the adhesive properties of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM1). The encoded protein, which is a member of glycosyltransferase family 29, is a type II membrane protein that may be present in the Golgi apparatus. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Further reading

• Cohn JA, Noone PG, Jowell PS . Idiopathic pancreatitis related to CFTR: complex inheritance and identification of a modifier gene . J. Investig. Med. . 50 . 5 . 247S–255S . 2002 . 12227654 . 10.1136/jim-50-suppl5-01. 34017638 .
• Eckhardt M . Molecular characterization of eukaryotic polysialyltransferase-1 . Nature . 373 . 6516 . 715–8 . 1995 . 7854457 . 10.1038/373715a0 . Mühlenhoff M . Bethe A . 3 . Koopman . Jaap . Frosch . Matthias . Gerardy-Schahn . Rita . 1995Natur.373..715E . 4345323 .
• Angata K . Human STX polysialyltransferase forms the embryonic form of the neural cell adhesion molecule. Tissue-specific expression, neurite outgrowth, and chromosomal localization in comparison with another polysialyltransferase, PST . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 11 . 7182–90 . 1997 . 9054414 . 10.1074/jbc.272.11.7182 . Nakayama J . Fredette B . 3 . Chong . K . Ranscht . B . Fukuda . M . free .
• Angata K, Suzuki M, Fukuda M . Differential and cooperative polysialylation of the neural cell adhesion molecule by two polysialyltransferases, PST and STX . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 43 . 28524–32 . 1998 . 9774483 . 10.1074/jbc.273.43.28524 . free.
• Close BE, Colley KJ . In vivo autopolysialylation and localization of the polysialyltransferases PST and STX . J. Biol. Chem. . 273 . 51 . 34586–93 . 1999 . 9852130 . 10.1074/jbc.273.51.34586 . free .
• Close BE, Tao K, Colley KJ . Polysialyltransferase-1 autopolysialylation is not requisite for polysialylation of neural cell adhesion molecule . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 6 . 4484–91 . 2000 . 10660622 . 10.1074/jbc.275.6.4484 . free .
• Angata K . Differential biosynthesis of polysialic acid on neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and oligosaccharide acceptors by three distinct alpha 2,8-sialyltransferases, ST8Sia IV (PST), ST8Sia II (STX), and ST8Sia III . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 24 . 18594–601 . 2000 . 10766765 . 10.1074/jbc.M910204199 . Suzuki M . McAuliffe J . 3 . Ding . Y . Hindsgaul . O . Fukuda . M . free.
• Angata K . Unique disulfide bond structures found in ST8Sia IV polysialyltransferase are required for its activity . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 18 . 15369–77 . 2001 . 11279095 . 10.1074/jbc.M100576200 . Yen TY . El-Battari A . 3 . Macher . BA . Fukuda . M . free .
• Close BE . The polysialyltransferase ST8Sia II/STX: posttranslational processing and role of autopolysialylation in the polysialylation of neural cell adhesion molecule . Glycobiology . 11 . 11 . 997–1008 . 2002 . 11744634 . 10.1093/glycob/11.11.997 . Wilkinson JM . Bohrer TJ . 3 . Goodwin . CP . Broom . LJ . Colley . KJ .
• Nałogowska-Głośnicka K . [Relationship between SA gene Pst1 polymorphism and predisposition to H-gestosis] . Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. . 107 . 1 . 7–11 . 2002 . 12046348 . Łacka B . Zychma M . 3 . Grzeszczak . W . Zukowska-Szczechowska . E . Michalski . B . Poreba . R . Kniazewski . B . Rzempołuch . J .
• Angata K, Suzuki M, Fukuda M . ST8Sia II and ST8Sia IV polysialyltransferases exhibit marked differences in utilizing various acceptors containing oligosialic acid and short polysialic acid. The basis for cooperative polysialylation by two enzymes . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 39 . 36808–17 . 2002 . 12138100 . 10.1074/jbc.M204632200 . free .
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . Feingold EA . Grouse LH . 3 . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Gerhard DS . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . Wagner L . Feingold EA . 3 . Shenmen . CM . Grouse . LH . Schuler . G . Klein . SL . Old . S . Rasooly . R .
• Beecken WD . Valproic acid modulates NCAM polysialylation and polysialyltransferase mRNA expression in human tumor cells . Int. Immunopharmacol. . 5 . 4 . 757–69 . 2005 . 15710344 . 10.1016/j.intimp.2004.12.009 . Engl T . Ogbomo H . 3 . Relja . B . Cinatl . J . Bereiterhahn . J . Oppermann . E . Jonas . D . Blaheta . R .
• Mendiratta SS, Sekulic N, Lavie A, Colley KJ . Specific amino acids in the first fibronectin type III repeat of the neural cell adhesion molecule play a role in its recognition and polysialylation by the polysialyltransferase ST8Sia IV/PST . J. Biol. Chem. . 280 . 37 . 32340–8 . 2005 . 16027151 . 10.1074/jbc.M506217200 . free .
• Wang B, Hu H, Yu B . Molecular characterization of pig ST8Sia IV--a critical gene for the formation of neural cell adhesion molecule and its response to sialic acid supplement in piglets . Nutritional Neuroscience . 9 . 3–4 . 147–54 . 2007 . 17176637 . 10.1080/10284150600903594 . 7793568 .
• Szabo R, Skropeta D, etal . Advancement of Sialyltransferase Inhibitors: Therapeutic Challenges and Opportunities. . Med. Res. Rev. . 37 . 2 . 210–270 . 2017 . 10.1002/med.21407 . 27678392 . 26280291 .

Notes and References

1. Nakayama J, Fukuda MN, Fredette B, Ranscht B, Fukuda M . Expression cloning of a human polysialyltransferase that forms the polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule present in embryonic brain . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 92 . 15 . 7031–5 . Aug 1995 . 7624364 . 41465 . 10.1073/pnas.92.15.7031 . 1995PNAS...92.7031N . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: ST8SIA4 ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 4.