ST6GALNAC4 explained

ST6 (alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminyl-2,3-beta-galactosyl-1,3)-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 4, also known as sialyltransferase 3C (SIAT3-C) or sialyltransferase 7D (SIAT7-D) is a sialyltransferase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ST6GALNAC4 gene.^[1]

Function

ST6GALNAC4 is a type II membrane protein that catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-sialic acid to galactose-containing substrates. The encoded protein prefers glycoproteins rather than glycolipids as substrates and shows restricted substrate specificity, utilizing only the trisaccharide sequence Neu5Ac-alpha-2,3-Gal-beta-1,3-GalNAc. In addition, it is involved in the synthesis of ganglioside GD1A from GM1B. The enzyme is normally found in the Golgi apparatus but can be proteolytically processed to a soluble form. This protein is a member of glycosyltransferase family 29. Transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.^[1]

Further reading

• Lanfranchi G, Muraro T, Caldara F, etal . Identification of 4370 expressed sequence tags from a 3'-end-specific cDNA library of human skeletal muscle by DNA sequencing and filter hybridization. . Genome Res. . 6 . 1 . 35–42 . 1996 . 8681137 . 10.1101/gr.6.1.35 . free .
• Lee YC, Kaufmann M, Kitazume-Kawaguchi S, etal . Molecular cloning and functional expression of two members of mouse NeuAcalpha2,3Galbeta1,3GalNAc GalNAcalpha2,6-sialyltransferase family, ST6GalNAc III and IV. . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 17 . 11958–67 . 1999 . 10207017 . 10.1074/jbc.274.17.11958 . free .
• Gilley J, Fried M . Extensive gene order differences within regions of conserved synteny between the Fugu and human genomes: implications for chromosomal evolution and the cloning of disease genes. . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 8 . 7 . 1313–20 . 1999 . 10369878 . 10.1093/hmg/8.7.1313 . free .
• Harduin-Lepers A, Stokes DC, Steelant WF, etal . Cloning, expression and gene organization of a human Neu5Ac alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-3GalNAc alpha 2,6-sialyltransferase: hST6GalNAcIV. . Biochem. J. . 352 Pt 1 . 37–48 . 2001 . Pt 1 . 11062056 . 1221430 .
• Moody AM, North SJ, Reinhold B, etal . Sialic acid capping of CD8beta core 1-O-glycans controls thymocyte-major histocompatibility complex class I interaction. . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 9 . 7240–6 . 2003 . 12459555 . 10.1074/jbc.M210468200 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Kim SW, Kang NY, Lee SH, etal . Genomic structure and promoter analysis of human NeuAc alpha2,3Gal beta1,3GalNAc alpha2,6-sialyltransferase (hST6GalNAc IV) gene. . Gene . 305 . 1 . 113–20 . 2003 . 12594047 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01234-9 .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Kang NY, Park YD, Choi HJ, etal . Regulatory elements involved in transcription of the human NeuAcalpha2,3Galbeta1,3GalNAcalpha2,6-sialyltransferase (hST6GalNAc IV) gene. . Mol. Cells . 18 . 2 . 157–62 . 2005 . 10.1016/S1016-8478(23)13096-2 . 15528990 . free .
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, etal . Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. . Cell . 127 . 3 . 635–48 . 2006 . 17081983 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 . 7827573 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: ST6GALNAC4 ST6 (alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminyl-2,3-beta-galactosyl-1,3)-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 4.