Serglycin Explained

Serglycin, also known as hematopoietic proteoglycan core protein or secretory granule proteoglycan core protein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SRGN gene.^[1] It is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells,^[2] and is the only known intracellular proteoglycan.^[3]

Function

This gene encodes a protein best known as a hematopoietic cell granule proteoglycan. Proteoglycans stored in the secretory granules of many hematopoietic cells also contain a protease-resistant peptide core, which may be important for neutralizing hydrolytic enzymes. This encoded protein was found to be associated with the macromolecular complex of granzymes and perforin, and serves as a scaffold for the granzyme and perforin in granule-mediated apoptosis.^{[1] [4]}

Further reading

• Schick BP . Regulation of expression of megakaryocyte and platelet proteoglycans . Stem Cells . 14 . 220–31 . 2000 . Suppl 1 . 11012225 . 10.1002/stem.5530140729 . 24328770 . free .
• Humphries DE, Nicodemus CF, Schiller V, Stevens RL . The human serglycin gene. Nucleotide sequence and methylation pattern in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells and T-lymphoblast Molt-4 cells . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 267 . 19 . 13558–63 . July 1992 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42248-X . 1377686 . free .
• Nicodemus CF, Avraham S, Austen KF, Purdy S, Jablonski J, Stevens RL . Characterization of the human gene that encodes the peptide core of secretory granule proteoglycans in promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells and analysis of the translated product . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 265 . 10 . 5889–96 . April 1990 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)39446-3 . 2180935 . free .
• Mattei MG, Périn JP, Alliel PM, Bonnet F, Maillet P, Passage E, Mattei JF, Jollès P . Localization of human platelet proteoglycan gene to chromosome 10, band q22.1, by in situ hybridization . Human Genetics . 82 . 1 . 87–8 . April 1989 . 2714783 . 10.1007/BF00288281 . 1378271 .
• Avraham S, Stevens RL, Nicodemus CF, Gartner MC, Austen KF, Weis JH . Molecular cloning of a cDNA that encodes the peptide core of a mouse mast cell secretory granule proteoglycan and comparison with the analogous rat and human cDNA . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 86 . 10 . 3763–7 . May 1989 . 2726751 . 287220 . 10.1073/pnas.86.10.3763 . 1989PNAS...86.3763A . free .
• Stellrecht CM, Saunders GF . Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding a hemopoietic proteoglycan core protein . Nucleic Acids Research . 17 . 18 . 7523 . September 1989 . 2798108 . 334837 . 10.1093/nar/17.18.7523 .
• Stevens RL, Avraham S, Gartner MC, Bruns GA, Austen KF, Weis JH . Isolation and characterization of a cDNA that encodes the peptide core of the secretory granule proteoglycan of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 263 . 15 . 7287–91 . May 1988 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68639-9 . 2835370 . free .
• Périn JP, Bonnet F, Maillet P, Jollès P . Characterization and N-terminal sequence of human platelet proteoglycan . The Biochemical Journal . 255 . 3 . 1007–13 . November 1988 . 3214420 . 1135341 . 10.1042/bj2551007.
• Avraham S, Stevens RL, Gartner MC, Austen KF, Lalley PA, Weis JH . Isolation of a cDNA that encodes the peptide core of the secretory granule proteoglycan of rat basophilic leukemia-1 cells and assessment of its homology to the human analogue . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 263 . 15 . 7292–6 . May 1988 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68640-5 . 3366780 . free .
• Alliel PM, Périn JP, Maillet P, Bonnet F, Rosa JP, Jollès P . Complete amino acid sequence of a human platelet proteoglycan . FEBS Letters . 236 . 1 . 123–6 . August 1988 . 3402609 . 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80298-9 . 8581282 . free .
• Hatton MN, Loomis RE, Levine MJ, Tabak LA . Masticatory lubrication. The role of carbohydrate in the lubricating property of a salivary glycoprotein-albumin complex . The Biochemical Journal . 230 . 3 . 817–20 . September 1985 . 4062880 . 1152688 . 10.1042/bj2300817.
• Schick BP, Jacoby JA . Serglycin and betaglycan proteoglycans are expressed in the megakaryocytic cell line CHRF 288-11 and normal human megakaryocytes . Journal of Cellular Physiology . 165 . 1 . 96–106 . October 1995 . 7559813 . 10.1002/jcp.1041650113 . 1455744 .
• Kato S, Sekine S, Oh SW, Kim NS, Umezawa Y, Abe N, Yokoyama-Kobayashi M, Aoki T . Construction of a human full-length cDNA bank . Gene . 150 . 2 . 243–50 . December 1994 . 7821789 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90433-2 .
• Kolset SO, Mann DM, Uhlin-Hansen L, Winberg JO, Ruoslahti E . Serglycin-binding proteins in activated macrophages and platelets . Journal of Leukocyte Biology . 59 . 4 . 545–54 . April 1996 . 8613703 . 10.1002/jlb.59.4.545. 23125881 .
• Toyama-Sorimachi N, Kitamura F, Habuchi H, Tobita Y, Kimata K, Miyasaka M . Widespread expression of chondroitin sulfate-type serglycins with CD44 binding ability in hematopoietic cells . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 272 . 42 . 26714–9 . October 1997 . 9334256 . 10.1074/jbc.272.42.26714 . free .
• Galvin JP, Spaeny-Dekking LH, Wang B, Seth P, Hack CE, Froelich CJ . Apoptosis induced by granzyme B-glycosaminoglycan complexes: implications for granule-mediated apoptosis in vivo . Journal of Immunology . 162 . 9 . 5345–50 . May 1999 . 10.4049/jimmunol.162.9.5345 . 10228010 . free .
• Schick BP, Gradowski JF, San Antonio JD . Synthesis, secretion, and subcellular localization of serglycin proteoglycan in human endothelial cells . Blood . 97 . 2 . 449–58 . January 2001 . 11154222 . 10.1182/blood.V97.2.449 . free .
• Omtvedt LA, Kolset SO, Thoen J, Førre Y, Gill MR . Serglycin expression in CD2+ and CD14+ cells from patients with various rheumatic diseases . Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology . 30 . 3 . 164–6 . 2001 . 11469527 . 10.1080/030097401300162941 . 218854509 .
• Metkar SS, Wang B, Aguilar-Santelises M, Raja SM, Uhlin-Hansen L, Podack E, Trapani JA, Froelich CJ . Cytotoxic cell granule-mediated apoptosis: perforin delivers granzyme B-serglycin complexes into target cells without plasma membrane pore formation . Immunity . 16 . 3 . 417–28 . March 2002 . 11911826 . 10.1016/S1074-7613(02)00286-8 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: SRGN serglycin.
2. Kolset SO, Tveit H . Serglycin--structure and biology . Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences . 65 . 7–8 . 1073–85 . April 2008 . 18066495 . 10.1007/s00018-007-7455-6 . 19422023 . 11131666 .
3. Iozzo RV, Schaefer L . Proteoglycan form and function: A comprehensive nomenclature of proteoglycans . Matrix Biology . 42 . 11–55 . March 2015 . 25701227 . 4859157 . 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.02.003 .
4. Metkar . Sunil S. . Wang . Baikun . Aguilar-Santelises . Miguel . Raja . Srikumar M. . Uhlin-Hansen . Lars . Podack . Eckhard . Trapani . Joseph A. . Froelich . Christopher J. . March 2002 . Cytotoxic cell granule-mediated apoptosis: perforin delivers granzyme B-serglycin complexes into target cells without plasma membrane pore formation . Immunity . 16 . 3 . 417–428 . 10.1016/s1074-7613(02)00286-8 . 1074-7613 . 11911826. free .