SOX6 explained

Transcription factor SOX-6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SOX6 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

The SOX gene family encodes a group of transcription factors defined by the conserved high mobility group (HMG) DNA-binding domain. Unlike most transcription factors, SOX transcription factors bind to the minor groove of DNA, causing a 70- to 85-degree bend and introducing local conformational changes.[supplied by OMIM]^[2]

Interactions

SOX6 has been shown to interact with CTBP2^[3] and CENPK.^[4]

It has also been demonstrated that SOX6 protein accumulates in the differentiating human erythrocytes, and then is able to downregulate its own transcription, by directly binding to an evolutionarily conserved consensus sequences located near SOX6 transcriptional start site.^[5]

Sox6 appears to have a crucial role in the transcriptional regulation of globin genes, and in directing the terminal differentiation of red blood cells.^[6] In addition, SOX6 may have a role in tumor growth of Ewing sarcoma.^[7] A new role of Sox6 in renin and prorenin regulation was studied using a Sox KO mouse model in which Sox6 is only knockout in renin expressing cells. This study showed that renin promoter possesses the binding site for Sox6. The highlight of the study was that Sox6 is one of the key regulators of renin and prorenin regulation and JG cell expansion during low salt and dehydration in mice. PMID 31760770; DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00095.2019

See also

• SOX genes

Further reading

• Denny P, Swift S, Brand N, Dabhade N, Barton P, Ashworth A . A conserved family of genes related to the testis determining gene, SRY . Nucleic Acids Research . 20 . 11 . 2887 . June 1992 . 1614875 . 336939 . 10.1093/nar/20.11.2887 .
• Lefebvre V, Li P, de Crombrugghe B . A new long form of Sox5 (L-Sox5), Sox6 and Sox9 are coexpressed in chondrogenesis and cooperatively activate the type II collagen gene . The EMBO Journal . 17 . 19 . 5718–5733 . October 1998 . 9755172 . 1170900 . 10.1093/emboj/17.19.5718 .
• Hagiwara N, Klewer SE, Samson RA, Erickson DT, Lyon MF, Brilliant MH . Sox6 is a candidate gene for p100H myopathy, heart block, and sudden neonatal death . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 97 . 8 . 4180–4185 . April 2000 . 10760285 . 18189 . 10.1073/pnas.97.8.4180 . free . 2000PNAS...97.4180H .
• Yamashita A, Ito M, Takamatsu N, Shiba T . Characterization of Solt, a novel SoxLZ/Sox6 binding protein expressed in adult mouse testis . FEBS Letters . 481 . 2 . 147–151 . September 2000 . 10996314 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01987-6 . 20831354 . free .
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA . DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination . Genome Research . 10 . 11 . 1788–1795 . November 2000 . 11076863 . 310948 . 10.1101/gr.143000 .
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Böcher M, Blöcker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Düsterhöft A, Beyer A, Köhrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwälder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A . 6 . Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs . Genome Research . 11 . 3 . 422–435 . March 2001 . 11230166 . 311072 . 10.1101/gr.GR1547R .
• Murakami A, Ishida S, Thurlow J, Revest JM, Dickson C . SOX6 binds CtBP2 to repress transcription from the Fgf-3 promoter . Nucleic Acids Research . 29 . 16 . 3347–3355 . August 2001 . 11504872 . 55854 . 10.1093/nar/29.16.3347 .
• Cohen-Barak O, Yi Z, Hagiwara N, Monzen K, Komuro I, Brilliant MH . Sox6 regulation of cardiac myocyte development . Nucleic Acids Research . 31 . 20 . 5941–5948 . October 2003 . 14530442 . 219484 . 10.1093/nar/gkg807 .
• Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, Wellenreuther R, Schleeger S, Mehrle A, Bechtel S, Sauermann M, Korf U, Pepperkok R, Sültmann H, Poustka A . 6 . From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline . Genome Research . 14 . 10B . 2136–2144 . October 2004 . 15489336 . 528930 . 10.1101/gr.2576704 .
• Ueda R, Yoshida K, Kawakami Y, Kawase T, Toda M . Expression of a transcriptional factor, SOX6, in human gliomas . Brain Tumor Pathology . 21 . 1 . 35–38 . 2005 . 15696967 . 10.1007/BF02482175 . 23632021 .
• Ueda R, Yoshida K, Kawakami Y, Kawase T, Toda M . Immunohistochemical analysis of SOX6 expression in human brain tumors . Brain Tumor Pathology . 21 . 3 . 117–120 . 2005 . 15696972 . 10.1007/BF02482186 . 27841927 .
• Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I, del Val C, Arlt D, Hahne F, Bechtel S, Simpson J, Hofmann O, Hide W, Glatting KH, Huber W, Pepperkok R, Poustka A, Wiemann S . 6 . The LIFEdb database in 2006 . Nucleic Acids Research . 34 . Database issue . D415–D418 . January 2006 . 16381901 . 1347501 . 10.1093/nar/gkj139 .
• Fernández-Lloris R, Osses N, Jaffray E, Shen LN, Vaughan OA, Girwood D, Bartrons R, Rosa JL, Hay RT, Ventura F . 6 . Repression of SOX6 transcriptional activity by SUMO modification . FEBS Letters . 580 . 5 . 1215–1221 . February 2006 . 16442531 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.031 . 38625057 . free .
• Ikeda T, Saito T, Ushita M, Yano F, Kan A, Itaka K, Moro T, Nakamura K, Kawaguchi H, Chung UI . 6 . Identification and characterization of the human SOX6 promoter . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 357 . 2 . 383–390 . June 2007 . 17433257 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.03.133 .

Notes and References

1. Cohen-Barak O, Hagiwara N, Arlt MF, Horton JP, Brilliant MH . Cloning, characterization and chromosome mapping of the human SOX6 gene . Gene . 265 . 1–2 . 157–164 . March 2001 . 11255018 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00346-8 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: SOX6 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 6.
3. Murakami A, Ishida S, Thurlow J, Revest JM, Dickson C . SOX6 binds CtBP2 to repress transcription from the Fgf-3 promoter . Nucleic Acids Research . 29 . 16 . 3347–3355 . August 2001 . 11504872 . 55854 . 10.1093/nar/29.16.3347 .
4. Yamashita A, Ito M, Takamatsu N, Shiba T . Characterization of Solt, a novel SoxLZ/Sox6 binding protein expressed in adult mouse testis . FEBS Letters . 481 . 2 . 147–151 . September 2000 . 10996314 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01987-6 . 20831354 . free .
5. Cantu' C, Grande V, Alborelli I, Cassinelli L, Cantu' I, Colzani MT, Ierardi R, Ronzoni L, Cappellini MD, Ferrari G, Ottolenghi S, Ronchi A . 6 . A highly conserved SOX6 double binding site mediates SOX6 gene downregulation in erythroid cells . Nucleic Acids Research . 39 . 2 . 486–501 . January 2011 . 20852263 . 3025548 . 10.1093/nar/gkq819 .
6. Cantù C, Ierardi R, Alborelli I, Fugazza C, Cassinelli L, Piconese S, Bosè F, Ottolenghi S, Ferrari G, Ronchi A . 6 . Sox6 enhances erythroid differentiation in human erythroid progenitors . Blood . 117 . 13 . 3669–3679 . March 2011 . 21263153 . 10.1182/blood-2010-04-282350 . free .
7. Marchetto A, Ohmura S, Orth MF, Knott MM, Colombo MV, Arrigoni C, Bardinet V, Saucier D, Wehweck FS, Li J, Stein S, Gerke JS, Baldauf MC, Musa J, Dallmayer M, Romero-Pérez L, Hölting TL, Amatruda JF, Cossarizza A, Henssen AG, Kirchner T, Moretti M, Cidre-Aranaz F, Sannino G, Grünewald TG . 6 . Oncogenic hijacking of a developmental transcription factor evokes vulnerability toward oxidative stress in Ewing sarcoma . Nature Communications . 11 . 1 . 2423 . May 2020 . 32415069 . 7228971 . 10.1038/s41467-020-16244-2 . 2020NatCo..11.2423M . free .