SN 2021aefx explained

SN 2021aefx is a Type Ia supernova discovered in 2021 in the galaxy NGC 1566.

Discovery

SN 2021aefx was discovered on November 11, 2021, by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc (DLT40) transient survey in the spiral galaxy NGC 1566 at a distance of 17.69 ± 2.02 Mpc. It is located west and south of the center. It was discovered at apparent magnitude of 17.24 and classified as a high-velocity SN Type Ia.

Observations

SN 2021aefx was observed in multiband by the Precision Observations for Infant Supernovae Explosions (POISE) a day after discovery. The photometry was obtained on the 1 m Swope Telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory. Observations were acquired twice per night in order to look for small scale fluctuations in the light curve.^[1]

The brightness and close proximity of SN 2021aefx make it an excellent target for nebular-phase James Webb Space Telescope observations. Kwok et al. (2022) and DerKacy et al. (2023) provided the first demonstration of the impressive spectroscopic capabilities of JWST for studying nebular-phase SNe Ia. Their spectra of SN 2021aefx, obtained +255 and +323 days after, respectively, represent the highest-quality look at the emission properties >2.5 μm of SNe Ia to date. Their spectra show prominent emission features from the iron-group elements (Ni, Co, Fe), as well as a wide, flat-topped [Ar iii] profile that indicates a spherical shell of emission.^[2]

Researchers show that "the observations of SN 2021aefx are consistent with an off-center delayed detonation explosion of a near–Chandrasekhar mass (MCh) WD at a viewing angle of −30° relative to the point of the deflagration to detonation transition."^[3]

Further reading

• Blondin . S. . Dessart . L. . Hillier . D. J. . Ramsbottom . C. A. . Storey . P. J. . Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observations of SN 2021aefx . Astronomy & Astrophysics . October 2023 . 678 . A170 . 10.1051/0004-6361/202347147. 2306.07116 . 2023A&A...678A.170B .
• Ni . Yuan Qi . Moon . Dae-Sik . Drout . Maria R. . Matzner . Christopher D. . Leong . Kelvin C. C. . Kim . Sang Chul . Park . Hong Soo . Lee . Youngdae . Origin of high-velocity ejecta and early red excess emission in the infant Type Ia supernova 2021aefx . 2023 . astro-ph.HE . 2304.00625.
• Web site: Supernova 2021aefx in NGC 1566 . www.rochesterastronomy.org . 21 January 2024.

Notes and References

1. Ashall . C. . Lu . J. . Shappee . B. J. . Burns . C. R. . Hsiao . E. Y. . Kumar . S. . Morrell . N. . Phillips . M. M. . Shahbandeh . M. . Baron . E. . Boutsia . K. . Brown . P. J. . DerKacy . J. M. . Galbany . L. . Hoeflich . P. . Krisciunas . K. . Mazzali . P. . Piro . A. L. . Stritzinger . M. D. . Suntzeff . N. B. . A Speed Bump: SN 2021aefx Shows that Doppler Shift Alone Can Explain Early Excess Blue Flux in Some Type Ia Supernovae . The Astrophysical Journal Letters . 1 June 2022 . 932 . 1 . L2 . 10.3847/2041-8213/ac7235 . free . 2205.00606 . 2022ApJ...932L...2A . 2041-8205 . 1. Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
2. Chen . Ness Mayker . Tucker . Michael A. . Hoyer . Nils . Jha . Saurabh W. . Kwok . Lindsey A. . Leroy . Adam K. . Rosolowsky . Erik . Ashall . Chris . Anand . Gagandeep . Bigiel . Frank . Boquien . Médéric . Burns . Chris . Dale . Daniel . DerKacy . James M. . Egorov . Oleg V. . Galbany . L. . Grasha . Kathryn . Hassani . Hamid . Hoeflich . Peter . Hsiao . Eric . Klessen . Ralf S. . Lopez . Laura A. . Lu . Jing . Morrell . Nidia . Orellana . Mariana . Pinna . Francesca . Sarbadhicary . Sumit K. . Schinnerer . Eva . Shahbandeh . Melissa . Stritzinger . Maximilian . Thilker . David A. . Williams . Thomas G. . Serendipitous Nebular-phase JWST Imaging of SN Ia SN 2021aefx: Testing the Confinement of ⁵⁶Co Decay Energy . The Astrophysical Journal Letters . 1 February 2023 . 944 . 2 . L28 . 10.3847/2041-8213/acb6d8 . free . 2023ApJ...944L..28C . 2041-8205 . 1. 10261/337350 . free . Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
3. DerKacy . J. M. . Ashall . C. . Hoeflich . P. . Baron . E. . Shappee . B. J. . Baade . D. . Andrews . J. . Bostroem . K. A. . Brown . P. J. . Burns . C. R. . Burrow . A. . Cikota . A. . de Jaeger . T. . Do . A. . Dong . Y. . Dominguez . I. . Galbany . L. . Hsiao . E. Y. . Karamehmetoglu . E. . Krisciunas . K. . Kumar . S. . Lu . J. . Evans . T. B. Mera . Maund . J. R. . Mazzali . P. . Medler . K. . Morrell . N. . Patat . F. . Phillips . M. M. . Shahbandeh . M. . Stangl . S. . Stevens . C. P. . Stritzinger . M. D. . Suntzeff . N. B. . Telesco . C. M. . Tucker . M. A. . Valenti . S. . Wang . L. . Yang . Y. . Jha . S. W. . Kwok . L. A. . JWST Low-resolution MIRI Spectral Observations of SN 2021aefx: High-density Burning in a Type Ia Supernova . The Astrophysical Journal Letters . 28 February 2023 . 945 . 1 . L2 . 10.3847/2041-8213/acb8a8 . free . 2301.03647 . 2023ApJ...945L...2D . 2041-8205 . 1.