SMOX explained

Spermine oxidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SMOX gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

The product of this gene is the polyamine oxidase. This enzyme potentially represents a new class of catabolic enzymes in the mammalian polyamine metabolic pathway capable of the efficient oxidation of polyamines. More than five transcript variants encoding four active isoenzymes have been identified for this gene, however, not all variants have been fully described. The characterized isoenzymes have distinctive biochemical characteristics and substrate specificities, suggesting the existence of additional levels of complexity in polyamine catabolism.

Further reading

• Seiler N . Catabolism of polyamines . Amino Acids . 26 . 3 . 217–33 . June 2004 . 15221502 . 10.1007/s00726-004-0070-z . 22119330 .
• Hölttä E . Oxidation of spermidine and spermine in rat liver: purification and properties of polyamine oxidase . Biochemistry . 16 . 1 . 91–100 . January 1977 . 12798 . 10.1021/bi00620a015 .
• Tsukada T, Furusako S, Maekawa S, Hibasami H, Nakashima K . Purification by affinity chromatography and characterization of porcine liver cytoplasmic polyamine oxidase . The International Journal of Biochemistry . 20 . 7 . 695–702 . 1988 . 3181599 . 10.1016/0020-711X(88)90164-4 .
• Vujcic S, Diegelman P, Bacchi CJ, Kramer DL, Porter CW . Identification and characterization of a novel flavin-containing spermine oxidase of mammalian cell origin . The Biochemical Journal . 367 . Pt 3 . 665–75 . November 2002 . 12141946 . 1222929 . 10.1042/BJ20020720 .
• Cervelli M, Polticelli F, Federico R, Mariottini P . Heterologous expression and characterization of mouse spermine oxidase . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 7 . 5271–6 . February 2003 . 12458219 . 10.1074/jbc.M207888200 . free .
• Wang Y, Murray-Stewart T, Devereux W, Hacker A, Frydman B, Woster PM, Casero RA . Properties of purified recombinant human polyamine oxidase, PAOh1/SMO . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 304 . 4 . 605–11 . May 2003 . 12727196 . 10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00636-3 .
• Cervelli M, Bellini A, Bianchi M, Marcocci L, Nocera S, Polticelli F, Federico R, Amendola R, Mariottini P . Mouse spermine oxidase gene splice variants. Nuclear subcellular localization of a novel active isoform . European Journal of Biochemistry . 271 . 4 . 760–70 . February 2004 . 14764092 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.2004.03979.x .
• Pledgie A, Huang Y, Hacker A, Zhang Z, Woster PM, Davidson NE, Casero RA . Spermine oxidase SMO(PAOh1), Not N1-acetylpolyamine oxidase PAO, is the primary source of cytotoxic H2O2 in polyamine analogue-treated human breast cancer cell lines . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 280 . 48 . 39843–51 . December 2005 . 16207710 . 10.1074/jbc.M508177200 . free .

Notes and References

1. Wang Y, Devereux W, Woster PM, Stewart TM, Hacker A, Casero RA . Cloning and characterization of a human polyamine oxidase that is inducible by polyamine analogue exposure . Cancer Research . 61 . 14 . 5370–3 . July 2001 . 11454677 .
2. Murray-Stewart T, Wang Y, Devereux W, Casero RA . Cloning and characterization of multiple human polyamine oxidase splice variants that code for isoenzymes with different biochemical characteristics . The Biochemical Journal . 368 . Pt 3 . 673–7 . December 2002 . 12398765 . 1223052 . 10.1042/BJ20021587 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: SMOX spermine oxidase.