SMG1 explained

Serine/threonine-protein kinase SMG1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SMG1 gene.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} SMG1 belongs to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase protein family.

Function

This gene encodes a protein involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) as part of the mRNA surveillance complex. The protein has kinase activity and is thought to function in NMD by phosphorylating the regulator of nonsense transcripts 1 protein. Alternative spliced transcript variants have been described, but their full-length natures have not been determined.

Interactions

SMG1 (gene) has been shown to interact with PRKCI^[5] and UPF1.^[6]

Further reading

• Nakajima D, Okazaki N, Yamakawa H, Kikuno R, Ohara O, Nagase T . Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones . DNA Res. . 9 . 3 . 99–106 . 2002 . 12168954 . 10.1093/dnares/9.3.99 . 10.1.1.500.923 .
• Abraham RT . The ATM-related kinase, hSMG-1, bridges genome and RNA surveillance pathways . DNA Repair (Amst.) . 3 . 8–9 . 919–25 . 2005 . 15279777 . 10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.04.003 .
• Diaz-Meco MT, Municio MM, Sanchez P, Lozano J, Moscat J . Lambda-interacting protein, a novel protein that specifically interacts with the zinc finger domain of the atypical protein kinase C isotype lambda/iota and stimulates its kinase activity in vitro and in vivo . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 16 . 1 . 105–14 . 1996 . 8524286 . 230983 . 10.1128/MCB.16.1.105.
• Sanchez P, De Carcer G, Sandoval IV, Moscat J, Diaz-Meco MT . Localization of atypical protein kinase C isoforms into lysosome-targeted endosomes through interaction with p62 . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 18 . 5 . 3069–80 . 1998 . 9566925 . 110686 . 10.1128/mcb.18.5.3069.
• Carmeliet P, Lampugnani MG, Moons L, Breviario F, Compernolle V, Bono F, Balconi G, Spagnuolo R, Oosthuyse B, Dewerchin M, Zanetti A, Angellilo A, Mattot V, Nuyens D, Lutgens E, Clotman F, de Ruiter MC, Gittenberger-de Groot A, Poelmann R, Lupu F, Herbert JM, Collen D, Dejana E . Targeted deficiency or cytosolic truncation of the VE-cadherin gene in mice impairs VEGF-mediated endothelial survival and angiogenesis . Cell . 98 . 2 . 147–57 . 1999 . 10428027 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81010-7 . 2668221 . free .
• Loftus BJ, Kim UJ, Sneddon VP, Kalush F, Brandon R, Fuhrmann J, Mason T, Crosby ML, Barnstead M, Cronin L, Deslattes Mays A, Cao Y, Xu RX, Kang HL, Mitchell S, Eichler EE, Harris PC, Venter JC, Adams MD . Genome duplications and other features in 12 Mb of DNA sequence from human chromosome 16p and 16q . Genomics . 60 . 3 . 295–308 . 1999 . 10493829 . 10.1006/geno.1999.5927 .
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, Briones MR, Nagai MA, da Silva W, Zago MA, Bordin S, Costa FF, Goldman GH, Carvalho AF, Matsukuma A, Baia GS, Simpson DH, Brunstein A, de Oliveira PS, Bucher P, Jongeneel CV, O'Hare MJ, Soares F, Brentani RR, Reis LF, de Souza SJ, Simpson AJ . Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 97 . 7 . 3491–6 . 2000 . 10737800 . 16267 . 10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491 . 2000PNAS...97.3491D . free .
• Yamashita A, Ohnishi T, Kashima I, Taya Y, Ohno S . Human SMG-1, a novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase, associates with components of the mRNA surveillance complex and is involved in the regulation of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay . Genes Dev. . 15 . 17 . 2215–28 . 2001 . 11544179 . 312771 . 10.1101/gad.913001 .
• Eichler EE, Johnson ME, Alkan C, Tuzun E, Sahinalp C, Misceo D, Archidiacono N, Rocchi M . Divergent origins and concerted expansion of two segmental duplications on chromosome 16 . J. Hered. . 92 . 6 . 462–8 . 2002 . 11948212 . 10.1093/jhered/92.6.462 . free .
• Chiu SY, Serin G, Ohara O, Maquat LE . Characterization of human Smg5/7a: a protein with similarities to Caenorhabditis elegans SMG5 and SMG7 that functions in the dephosphorylation of Upf1 . RNA . 9 . 1 . 77–87 . 2003 . 12554878 . 1370372 . 10.1261/rna.2137903 .
• Ohnishi T, Yamashita A, Kashima I, Schell T, Anders KR, Grimson A, Hachiya T, Hentze MW, Anderson P, Ohno S . Phosphorylation of hUPF1 induces formation of mRNA surveillance complexes containing hSMG-5 and hSMG-7 . Mol. Cell . 12 . 5 . 1187–200 . 2003 . 14636577 . 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00443-X . free .
• Brumbaugh KM, Otterness DM, Geisen C, Oliveira V, Brognard J, Li X, Lejeune F, Tibbetts RS, Maquat LE, Abraham RT . The mRNA surveillance protein hSMG-1 functions in genotoxic stress response pathways in mammalian cells . Mol. Cell . 14 . 5 . 585–98 . 2004 . 15175154 . 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.05.005 . free .
• Kashima I, Yamashita A, Izumi N, Kataoka N, Morishita R, Hoshino S, Ohno M, Dreyfuss G, Ohno S . Binding of a novel SMG-1-Upf1-eRF1-eRF3 complex (SURF) to the exon junction complex triggers Upf1 phosphorylation and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay . Genes Dev. . 20 . 3 . 355–67 . 2006 . 16452507 . 1361706 . 10.1101/gad.1389006 .
• Azzalin CM, Lingner J . The human RNA surveillance factor UPF1 is required for S phase progression and genome stability . Curr. Biol. . 16 . 4 . 433–9 . 2006 . 16488880 . 10.1016/j.cub.2006.01.018 . 17197870 . free . 2006CBio...16..433A .

Notes and References

1. Ishikawa K, Nagase T, Nakajima D, Seki N, Ohira M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VIII. 78 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro . DNA Res. . 4 . 5 . 307–13 . 1998 . 9455477 . 10.1093/dnares/4.5.307 . free .
2. Denning G, Jamieson L, Maquat LE, Thompson EA, Fields AP . Cloning of a novel phosphatidylinositol kinase-related kinase: characterization of the human SMG-1 RNA surveillance protein . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 25 . 22709–14 . June 2001 . 11331269 . 10.1074/jbc.C100144200 . free .
3. Morita T, Yamashita A, Kashima I, Ogata K, Ishiura S, Ohno S . Distant N- and C-terminal domains are required for intrinsic kinase activity of SMG-1, a critical component of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay . J. Biol. Chem. . 282 . 11 . 7799–808 . March 2007 . 17229728 . 10.1074/jbc.M610159200 . free .
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: SMG1 PI-3-kinase-related kinase SMG-1.
5. Diaz-Meco MT, Municio MM, Sanchez P, Lozano J, Moscat J . Lambda-interacting protein, a novel protein that specifically interacts with the zinc finger domain of the atypical protein kinase C isotype lambda/iota and stimulates its kinase activity in vitro and in vivo . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 16 . 1 . 105–14 . January 1996 . 10.1128/mcb.16.1.105 . 8524286 . 230983 .
6. Yamashita A, Ohnishi T, Kashima I, Taya Y, Ohno S . Human SMG-1, a novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase, associates with components of the mRNA surveillance complex and is involved in the regulation of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay . Genes Dev. . 15 . 17 . 2215–28 . September 2001 . 11544179 . 312771 . 10.1101/gad.913001 .